A supporter of abortion rights, Edwards also favors funding for "family planning." Edwards' presidential candidacy has won the support of a prominent abortion rights advocate, Kate Michelman, who is helping the campaign reach out to women. In the April 2007 Democratic debate, Edwards said, "I believe in a woman's right to choose, but I think this is an extraordinarily difficult issue for America." 

Edwards says he believes in the separation of church and state, but also thinks that there is a role for faith in public life. He said "freedom of religion doesn't mean freedom from religion," but he "would not, under any circumstances, try to impose [his] personal faith and belief on the rest of the country." 

Edwards supports the death penalty, saying some crimes "deserve the ultimate penalty." He was a supporter of capital punishment reform while in the Senate and told the Associated Press in 2004 he believes that "we need reforms in the death penalty to ensure that defendants receive fair trials, with zealous and competent lawyers, and with full access to DNA testing." 

Edwards says children should be allowed time to pray on their own in schools, but that school-led prayer is inappropriate. He opposes school vouchers because he says they would "divert resources and energy from reform and divert students into the only schools that don't have to meet high standards."

"Leading the fight against global warming" is one of Edwards' top five priorities. He has called for caps on greenhouse gas emissions, a global warming treaty with developing nations and increased funding for research into new energy sources. Edwards has also suggested banning new coal-fired power plants in the U.S. unless they recapture the greenhouse gases they create. 

Edwards says the poor would not survive in many parts of the country without "the existence of good, effective faith-based organizations." When Edwards announced his presidential bid in New Orleans in December 2006, he extolled the work of faith-based groups in the city. "You walk around in these neighborhoods and what you'll hear is that most of the good that has been done in New Orleans has been done by faith-based groups, charitable groups and volunteers," he said. 

During his 2004 bid for the presidency, Edwards said that he personally opposed gay marriage, but supported civil unions for homosexual couples and said each state should determine its own policy. In 2006, Edwards called gay marriage "the single hardest social issue for me personally," saying that while he supports civil unions and partnership benefits, "it's a jump for me to get to gay marriage." 

Edwards' universal health care proposal would provide tax credits for low-income families, expand Medicare and federal health care for children and create a federal health insurance agency that would eventually replace private health insurance. The plan would be funded through a roll-back of the Bush administration's tax cuts for families making more than $200,000 a year and through currently-uncollected capital gains taxes. 

Edwards supports increased border security and a path to citizenship for undocumented workers. He says that immigration reform is central to alleviating poverty in the United States and that domestic policy goals like raising the minimum wage are connected to immigration reform because illegal immigrants make up a "sizeable chunk" of impoverished Americans. 

While serving in the Senate, Edwards voted in 2002 to authorize funding for the war in Iraq, a vote he has since called a mistake. He is now in favor of a complete withdrawal of troops within 12 to 18 months. He wrote in a Washington Post opinion piece that "the world desperately needs moral leadership from America" and that "part of restoring America's moral leadership is acknowledging when we've made mistakes." 

Edwards has made reducing poverty the signature issue of his presidential campaign, calling it "the great moral issue of our time." He has set a goal of ending poverty in 30 years by lifting one-third of the 37 million currently impoverished Americans above the poverty line each decade through a higher minimum wage, tax cuts for low-income workers, universal health care and housing vouchers for low-income families. Edwards has also proposed a plan for ending global poverty that would feature schooling for every child and preventative health care. 

Edwards favors expanding federal funding for embryonic stem cell research. He said during the 2004 presidential campaign that with such research, "people like [actor] Christopher Reeve will get up out of that wheelchair and walk again." Bill Frist, a physician who was then Senate Majority Leader, said the comment perpetuated false hope about the potential of stem cell research.