Survey yearRepublican/lean Rep.No leanDemocrat/lean Dem.Sample size
201428%21%51%10,485
200726%21%53%8,946
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Learn More: Republican/lean Rep., No lean, Democrat/lean Dem.

Party affiliation among adults who attend services seldom or never by religious group

% of adults who attend services seldom or never who identify as…

Religious traditionRepublican/lean Rep.No leanDemocrat/lean Dem.Sample size
Buddhist17%19%63%107
Catholic36%20%44%1,326
Evangelical Protestant45%20%35%995
Historically Black Protestant11%9%79%181
Jewish19%9%72%270
Mainline Protestant40%19%41%1,340
Unaffiliated (religious "nones")23%22%55%5,580
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Learn More: Republican/lean Rep., No lean, Democrat/lean Dem.

DemographicInformation

Age distribution among adults who attend services seldom or never by political party

% of adults who attend services seldom or never who are ages…

Party affiliation18-2930-4950-6465+Sample size
Republican/lean Rep.21%35%27%17%2,918
No lean30%38%21%10%1,851
Democrat/lean Dem.27%34%24%16%5,553
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Generational cohort among adults who attend services seldom or never by political party

% of adults who attend services seldom or never who are…

Party affiliationYounger MillennialOlder MillennialGeneration XBaby BoomerSilentGreatestSample size
Republican/lean Rep.13%15%28%32%11%1%2,918
No lean18%21%30%25%6%1%1,851
Democrat/lean Dem.16%18%27%29%10%1%5,553
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Gender composition among adults who attend services seldom or never by political party

% of adults who attend services seldom or never who are…

Party affiliationMenWomenSample size
Republican/lean Rep.62%38%2,956
No lean59%41%1,916
Democrat/lean Dem.50%50%5,613
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Racial and ethnic composition among adults who attend services seldom or never by political party

% of adults who attend services seldom or never who identify as…

Party affiliationWhiteBlackAsianLatinoOther/MixedSample size
Republican/lean Rep.82%3%3%9%3%2,913
No lean66%5%4%19%5%1,860
Democrat/lean Dem.70%9%4%12%4%5,562
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Immigrant status among adults who attend services seldom or never by political party

% of adults who attend services seldom or never who are…

Party affiliationImmigrantsSecond generationThird generation or higherSample size
Republican/lean Rep.9%10%82%2,934
No lean17%10%73%1,858
Democrat/lean Dem.12%13%75%5,552
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Income distribution among adults who attend services seldom or never by political party

% of adults who attend services seldom or never who have a household income of…

Party affiliationLess than $30,000$30,000-$49,999$50,000-$99,999$100,000 or moreSample size
Republican/lean Rep.27%22%28%23%2,623
No lean48%21%20%12%1,538
Democrat/lean Dem.34%19%26%20%5,110
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Educational distribution among adults who attend services seldom or never by political party

% of adults who attend services seldom or never who have completed…

Party affiliationHigh school or lessSome collegeCollegePost-graduate degreeSample size
Republican/lean Rep.44%33%15%8%2,946
No lean53%31%11%5%1,890
Democrat/lean Dem.34%32%20%14%5,595
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Marital status among adults who attend services seldom or never by political party

% of adults who attend services seldom or never who are…

Party affiliationMarriedLiving with a partnerDivorced/separatedWidowedNever marriedSample size
Republican/lean Rep.47%9%13%6%24%2,944
No lean35%13%16%5%32%1,894
Democrat/lean Dem.39%11%14%6%31%5,596
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Parent of children under 18 among adults who attend services seldom or never by political party

% of adults who attend services seldom or never who are…

Party affiliationParentsNon-parentsSample size
Republican/lean Rep.24%76%2,950
No lean28%72%1,907
Democrat/lean Dem.23%77%5,603
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

BeliefsandPractices

Belief in God among adults who attend services seldom or never by political party

% of adults who attend services seldom or never who say they…

Party affiliationBelieve in God; absolutely certainBelieve in God; fairly certainBelieve in God; not too/not at all certainBelieve in God; don't knowDo not believe in GodOther/don't know if they believe in GodSample size
Republican/lean Rep.43%27%9%1%16%4%2,956
No lean41%23%8%1%21%5%1,916
Democrat/lean Dem.30%23%11%1%31%5%5,613
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Importance of religion in one's life among adults who attend services seldom or never by political party

% of adults who attend services seldom or never who say religion is…

Party affiliationVery importantSomewhat importantNot too importantNot at all importantDon't knowSample size
Republican/lean Rep.23%30%23%23%1%2,956
No lean21%28%20%29%2%1,916
Democrat/lean Dem.17%22%23%37%1%5,613
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Frequency of prayer among adults who attend services seldom or never by political party

% of adults who attend services seldom or never who pray…

Party affiliationAt least dailyWeeklyMonthlySeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
Republican/lean Rep.31%15%7%46%1%2,956
No lean27%13%7%52%1%1,916
Democrat/lean Dem.24%12%6%57%1%5,613
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Frequency of participation in prayer, scripture study or religious education groups among adults who attend services seldom or never by political party

% of adults who attend services seldom or never who attend prayer group…

Party affiliationAt least once a weekOnce or twice a monthSeveral times a yearSeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
Republican/lean Rep.4%2%2%92%< 1%2,956
No lean4%2%2%92%< 1%1,916
Democrat/lean Dem.3%2%2%93%< 1%5,613
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Frequency of meditation among adults who attend services seldom or never by political party

% of adults who attend services seldom or never who meditate…

Party affiliationAt least once a weekOnce or twice a monthSeveral times a yearSeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
Republican/lean Rep.25%8%3%64%1%2,956
No lean29%7%4%58%1%1,916
Democrat/lean Dem.29%9%5%56%1%5,613
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Frequency of feeling spiritual peace and wellbeing among adults who attend services seldom or never by political party

% of adults who attend services seldom or never who feel a sense of spiritual peace and wellbeing…

Party affiliationAt least once a weekOnce or twice a monthSeveral times a yearSeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
Republican/lean Rep.39%15%11%33%1%2,956
No lean42%12%10%33%2%1,916
Democrat/lean Dem.42%16%12%29%1%5,613
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Frequency of feeling wonder about the universe among adults who attend services seldom or never by political party

% of adults who attend services seldom or never who feel a sense of wonder about the universe…

Party affiliationAt least once a weekOnce or twice a monthSeveral times a yearSeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
Republican/lean Rep.41%15%14%30%1%2,956
No lean43%12%11%32%2%1,916
Democrat/lean Dem.46%17%14%22%1%5,613
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Sources of guidance on right and wrong among adults who attend services seldom or never by political party

% of adults who attend services seldom or never who say they look to…most for guidance on right and wrong

Party affiliationReligionPhilosophy/reasonCommon senseScienceDon't knowSample size
Republican/lean Rep.15%12%62%10%2%2,956
No lean11%13%60%13%3%1,916
Democrat/lean Dem.8%18%55%18%2%5,613
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Belief in absolute standards for right and wrong among adults who attend services seldom or never by political party

% of adults who attend services seldom or never who say…

Party affiliationThere are clear standards for what is right and wrongRight or wrong depends on the situationNeither/both equallyDon't knowSample size
Republican/lean Rep.33%65%1%1%2,956
No lean22%74%2%2%1,916
Democrat/lean Dem.17%81%1%1%5,613
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Frequency of reading scripture among adults who attend services seldom or never by political party

% of adults who attend services seldom or never who read scripture…

Party affiliationAt least once a weekOnce or twice a monthSeveral times a yearSeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
Republican/lean Rep.12%5%7%76%< 1%2,956
No lean10%5%6%78%1%1,916
Democrat/lean Dem.8%5%6%81%< 1%5,613
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Interpreting scripture among adults who attend services seldom or never by political party

% of adults who attend services seldom or never who say the holy scripture is…

Party affiliationWord of God; should be taken literallyWord of God; not everything taken literallyWord of God; other/don't knowNot the word of GodOther/don't knowSample size
Republican/lean Rep.15%22%2%53%8%2,956
No lean14%16%2%56%12%1,916
Democrat/lean Dem.10%12%1%71%6%5,613
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Belief in Heaven among adults who attend services seldom or never by political party

% of adults who attend services seldom or never who …in heaven

Party affiliationBelieveDon't believeOther/don't knowSample size
Republican/lean Rep.58%32%9%2,956
No lean50%38%13%1,916
Democrat/lean Dem.41%51%8%5,613
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Belief in Hell among adults who attend services seldom or never by political party

% of adults who attend services seldom or never who …in hell

Party affiliationBelieveDon't believeOther/don't knowSample size
Republican/lean Rep.45%46%9%2,956
No lean39%49%12%1,916
Democrat/lean Dem.30%63%7%5,613
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

SocialandPoliticalViews

Political ideology among adults who attend services seldom or never by political party

% of adults who attend services seldom or never who are…

Party affiliationConservativeModerateLiberalDon't knowSample size
Republican/lean Rep.49%37%11%3%2,956
No lean17%33%27%23%1,916
Democrat/lean Dem.11%32%53%4%5,613
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Views about size of government among adults who attend services seldom or never by political party

% of adults who attend services seldom or never who would rather have…

Party affiliationSmaller government; fewer servicesBigger government; more servicesDependsDon't knowSample size
Republican/lean Rep.77%19%1%2%2,956
No lean52%37%5%7%1,916
Democrat/lean Dem.33%58%4%5%5,613
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Views about government aid to the poor among adults who attend services seldom or never by political party

% of adults who attend services seldom or never who say government aid to the poor…

Party affiliationDoes more harm than goodDoes more good than harmNeither/both equallyDon't knowSample size
Republican/lean Rep.67%28%4%2%2,956
No lean41%49%6%4%1,916
Democrat/lean Dem.23%72%4%2%5,613
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Views about abortion among adults who attend services seldom or never by political party

% of adults who attend services seldom or never who say abortion should be…

Party affiliationLegal in all/most casesIllegal in all/most casesDon't knowSample size
Republican/lean Rep.59%36%5%2,956
No lean61%30%8%1,916
Democrat/lean Dem.82%16%3%5,613
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Views about homosexuality among adults who attend services seldom or never by political party

% of adults who attend services seldom or never who say homosexuality…

Party affiliationShould be acceptedShould be discouragedNeither/both equallyDon't knowSample size
Republican/lean Rep.68%25%4%3%2,956
No lean74%16%5%5%1,916
Democrat/lean Dem.86%10%2%2%5,613
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Views about same-sex marriage among adults who attend services seldom or never by political party

% of adults who attend services seldom or never who …same-sex marriage

Party affiliationStrongly favor/favorOppose/strongly opposeDon't knowSample size
Republican/lean Rep.58%34%8%2,956
No lean68%20%12%1,916
Democrat/lean Dem.82%14%4%5,613
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Views about environmental regulation among adults who attend services seldom or never by political party

% of adults who attend services seldom or never who say…

Party affiliationStricter environmental laws and regulations cost too many jobs and hurt the economyStricter environmental laws and regulations are worth the costNeither/both equallyDon't knowSample size
Republican/lean Rep.53%42%2%2%2,956
No lean35%55%3%6%1,916
Democrat/lean Dem.17%79%2%2%5,613
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Views about human evolution among adults who attend services seldom or never by political party

% of adults who attend services seldom or never who say humans…

Party affiliationEvolved; due to natural processesEvolved; due to God's designEvolved; don't know howAlways existed in present formDon't knowSample size
Republican/lean Rep.45%23%4%24%4%2,956
No lean47%19%7%21%6%1,916
Democrat/lean Dem.64%15%4%14%3%5,613
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.