Belief in God among adults who oppose or strongly oppose gay marriage
% of adults who oppose or strongly oppose gay marriage who say they…
Survey year | Believe in God; absolutely certain | Believe in God; fairly certain | Believe in God; not too/not at all certain | Believe in God; don't know | Do not believe in God | Other/don't know if they believe in God | Sample size |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2014 | 82% | 12% | 2% | 1% | 2% | 1% | 13,702 |
Learn More: Believe in God; absolutely certain, Believe in God; fairly certain, Believe in God; not too/not at all certain, Do not believe in God
Belief in God among adults who oppose or strongly oppose gay marriage by religious group
% of adults who oppose or strongly oppose gay marriage who say they…
Religious tradition | Believe in God; absolutely certain | Believe in God; fairly certain | Believe in God; not too/not at all certain | Believe in God; don't know | Do not believe in God | Other/don't know if they believe in God | Sample size |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Catholic | 72% | 21% | 4% | 1% | 1% | 1% | 2,547 |
Evangelical Protestant | 92% | 6% | 1% | < 1% | < 1% | < 1% | 5,738 |
Historically Black Protestant | 93% | 6% | < 1% | < 1% | < 1% | < 1% | 994 |
Jehovah's Witness | 94% | 6% | < 1% | < 1% | < 1% | < 1% | 188 |
Jewish | 79% | 14% | 3% | 1% | 3% | < 1% | 119 |
Mainline Protestant | 78% | 18% | 2% | 1% | 1% | 1% | 2,103 |
Mormon | 94% | 6% | < 1% | < 1% | < 1% | < 1% | 468 |
Muslim | 94% | 4% | 1% | 1% | < 1% | < 1% | 117 |
Unaffiliated (religious "nones") | 52% | 21% | 9% | 1% | 12% | 4% | 1,117 |
Learn More: Believe in God; absolutely certain, Believe in God; fairly certain, Believe in God; not too/not at all certain, Do not believe in God
Demographic✭Information
Age distribution among adults who oppose or strongly oppose gay marriage by belief in God
% of adults who oppose or strongly oppose gay marriage who are ages…
Belief in God | 18-29 | 30-49 | 50-64 | 65+ | Sample size |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Believe in God; absolutely certain | 13% | 32% | 31% | 24% | 11,085 |
Believe in God; fairly certain | 15% | 33% | 29% | 22% | 1,585 |
Believe in God; not too/not at all certain | 23% | 37% | 22% | 18% | 259 |
Do not believe in God | 23% | 30% | 23% | 24% | 261 |
Other/don't know if they believe in God | 14% | 36% | 22% | 28% | 117 |
Generational cohort among adults who oppose or strongly oppose gay marriage by belief in God
% of adults who oppose or strongly oppose gay marriage who are…
Belief in God | Younger Millennial | Older Millennial | Generation X | Baby Boomer | Silent | Greatest | Sample size |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Believe in God; absolutely certain | 8% | 10% | 27% | 37% | 16% | 2% | 11,085 |
Believe in God; fairly certain | 7% | 13% | 29% | 34% | 15% | 2% | 1,585 |
Believe in God; not too/not at all certain | 16% | 12% | 32% | 25% | 13% | 2% | 259 |
Do not believe in God | 18% | 12% | 23% | 29% | 15% | 2% | 261 |
Other/don't know if they believe in God | 10% | 6% | 34% | 30% | 16% | 4% | 117 |
Gender composition among adults who oppose or strongly oppose gay marriage by belief in God
% of adults who oppose or strongly oppose gay marriage who are…
Belief in God | Men | Women | Sample size |
---|---|---|---|
Believe in God; absolutely certain | 48% | 52% | 11,347 |
Believe in God; fairly certain | 64% | 36% | 1,612 |
Believe in God; not too/not at all certain | 75% | 25% | 263 |
Do not believe in God | 82% | 18% | 265 |
Other/don't know if they believe in God | 78% | 22% | 125 |
Racial and ethnic composition among adults who oppose or strongly oppose gay marriage by belief in God
% of adults who oppose or strongly oppose gay marriage who identify as…
Belief in God | White | Black | Asian | Latino | Other/Mixed | Sample size |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Believe in God; absolutely certain | 67% | 16% | 2% | 12% | 4% | 11,183 |
Believe in God; fairly certain | 60% | 8% | 4% | 26% | 2% | 1,602 |
Believe in God; not too/not at all certain | 50% | 9% | 11% | 24% | 5% | 256 |
Do not believe in God | 70% | 5% | 9% | 13% | 3% | 261 |
Other/don't know if they believe in God | 69% | 12% | 4% | 11% | 4% | 119 |
Immigrant status among adults who oppose or strongly oppose gay marriage by belief in God
% of adults who oppose or strongly oppose gay marriage who are…
Belief in God | Immigrants | Second generation | Third generation or higher | Sample size |
---|---|---|---|---|
Believe in God; absolutely certain | 12% | 7% | 81% | 11,201 |
Believe in God; fairly certain | 27% | 8% | 65% | 1,586 |
Believe in God; not too/not at all certain | 29% | 11% | 60% | 257 |
Do not believe in God | 17% | 14% | 69% | 261 |
Other/don't know if they believe in God | 18% | 7% | 76% | 118 |
Income distribution among adults who oppose or strongly oppose gay marriage by belief in God
% of adults who oppose or strongly oppose gay marriage who have a household income of…
Belief in God | Less than $30,000 | $30,000-$49,999 | $50,000-$99,999 | $100,000 or more | Sample size |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Believe in God; absolutely certain | 37% | 22% | 27% | 14% | 9,719 |
Believe in God; fairly certain | 40% | 20% | 23% | 17% | 1,418 |
Believe in God; not too/not at all certain | 43% | 15% | 26% | 17% | 224 |
Do not believe in God | 35% | 21% | 25% | 19% | 239 |
Educational distribution among adults who oppose or strongly oppose gay marriage by belief in God
% of adults who oppose or strongly oppose gay marriage who have completed…
Belief in God | High school or less | Some college | College | Post-graduate degree | Sample size |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Believe in God; absolutely certain | 46% | 32% | 14% | 7% | 11,278 |
Believe in God; fairly certain | 57% | 25% | 11% | 7% | 1,599 |
Believe in God; not too/not at all certain | 64% | 21% | 6% | 8% | 259 |
Do not believe in God | 55% | 22% | 12% | 10% | 263 |
Other/don't know if they believe in God | 47% | 33% | 10% | 10% | 122 |
Marital status among adults who oppose or strongly oppose gay marriage by belief in God
% of adults who oppose or strongly oppose gay marriage who are…
Belief in God | Married | Living with a partner | Divorced/separated | Widowed | Never married | Sample size |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Believe in God; absolutely certain | 57% | 3% | 13% | 9% | 17% | 11,302 |
Believe in God; fairly certain | 51% | 8% | 15% | 7% | 19% | 1,603 |
Believe in God; not too/not at all certain | 47% | 7% | 11% | 5% | 31% | 261 |
Do not believe in God | 42% | 7% | 12% | 6% | 33% | 263 |
Other/don't know if they believe in God | 44% | 4% | 17% | 11% | 23% | 123 |
Parent of children under 18 among adults who oppose or strongly oppose gay marriage by belief in God
% of adults who oppose or strongly oppose gay marriage who are…
Belief in God | Parents | Non-parents | Sample size |
---|---|---|---|
Believe in God; absolutely certain | 30% | 70% | 11,300 |
Believe in God; fairly certain | 30% | 70% | 1,608 |
Believe in God; not too/not at all certain | 29% | 71% | 260 |
Do not believe in God | 18% | 82% | 264 |
Other/don't know if they believe in God | 16% | 84% | 122 |
Beliefs✭and✭Practices
Importance of religion in one's life among adults who oppose or strongly oppose gay marriage by belief in God
% of adults who oppose or strongly oppose gay marriage who say religion is…
Belief in God | Very important | Somewhat important | Not too important | Not at all important | Don't know | Sample size |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Believe in God; absolutely certain | 85% | 12% | 2% | 1% | < 1% | 11,347 |
Believe in God; fairly certain | 41% | 43% | 12% | 3% | 1% | 1,612 |
Believe in God; not too/not at all certain | 18% | 36% | 30% | 16% | < 1% | 263 |
Do not believe in God | 8% | 12% | 24% | 56% | < 1% | 265 |
Other/don't know if they believe in God | 27% | 22% | 26% | 24% | 1% | 125 |
Attendance at religious services among adults who oppose or strongly oppose gay marriage by belief in God
% of adults who oppose or strongly oppose gay marriage who attend religious services…
Belief in God | At least once a week | Once or twice a month/a few times a year | Seldom/never | Don't know | Sample size |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Believe in God; absolutely certain | 63% | 25% | 12% | < 1% | 11,347 |
Believe in God; fairly certain | 31% | 41% | 28% | < 1% | 1,612 |
Believe in God; not too/not at all certain | 12% | 36% | 51% | 1% | 263 |
Do not believe in God | 6% | 22% | 72% | < 1% | 265 |
Other/don't know if they believe in God | 13% | 31% | 53% | 3% | 125 |
Frequency of prayer among adults who oppose or strongly oppose gay marriage by belief in God
% of adults who oppose or strongly oppose gay marriage who pray…
Belief in God | At least daily | Weekly | Monthly | Seldom/never | Don't know | Sample size |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Believe in God; absolutely certain | 82% | 12% | 3% | 3% | 1% | 11,347 |
Believe in God; fairly certain | 42% | 24% | 10% | 23% | 1% | 1,612 |
Believe in God; not too/not at all certain | 22% | 10% | 15% | 53% | < 1% | 263 |
Do not believe in God | 7% | 3% | 5% | 85% | < 1% | 265 |
Other/don't know if they believe in God | 30% | 8% | 8% | 52% | 3% | 125 |
Frequency of participation in prayer, scripture study or religious education groups among adults who oppose or strongly oppose gay marriage by belief in God
% of adults who oppose or strongly oppose gay marriage who attend prayer group…
Belief in God | At least once a week | Once or twice a month | Several times a year | Seldom/never | Don't know | Sample size |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Believe in God; absolutely certain | 47% | 12% | 9% | 31% | 1% | 11,347 |
Believe in God; fairly certain | 19% | 10% | 10% | 61% | < 1% | 1,612 |
Believe in God; not too/not at all certain | 7% | 9% | 6% | 79% | < 1% | 263 |
Do not believe in God | 2% | 3% | 3% | 91% | < 1% | 265 |
Other/don't know if they believe in God | 10% | 4% | 4% | 79% | 2% | 125 |
Frequency of meditation among adults who oppose or strongly oppose gay marriage by belief in God
% of adults who oppose or strongly oppose gay marriage who meditate…
Belief in God | At least once a week | Once or twice a month | Several times a year | Seldom/never | Don't know | Sample size |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Believe in God; absolutely certain | 53% | 6% | 3% | 35% | 2% | 11,347 |
Believe in God; fairly certain | 34% | 10% | 5% | 48% | 2% | 1,612 |
Believe in God; not too/not at all certain | 23% | 11% | 7% | 58% | 1% | 263 |
Do not believe in God | 18% | 4% | 4% | 73% | 2% | 265 |
Other/don't know if they believe in God | 27% | 9% | 3% | 54% | 7% | 125 |
Frequency of feeling spiritual peace and wellbeing among adults who oppose or strongly oppose gay marriage by belief in God
% of adults who oppose or strongly oppose gay marriage who feel a sense of spiritual peace and wellbeing…
Belief in God | At least once a week | Once or twice a month | Several times a year | Seldom/never | Don't know | Sample size |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Believe in God; absolutely certain | 76% | 11% | 6% | 6% | 1% | 11,347 |
Believe in God; fairly certain | 44% | 18% | 14% | 24% | 1% | 1,612 |
Believe in God; not too/not at all certain | 30% | 12% | 10% | 48% | < 1% | 263 |
Do not believe in God | 24% | 9% | 7% | 58% | 2% | 265 |
Other/don't know if they believe in God | 41% | 10% | 3% | 41% | 5% | 125 |
Frequency of feeling wonder about the universe among adults who oppose or strongly oppose gay marriage by belief in God
% of adults who oppose or strongly oppose gay marriage who feel a sense of wonder about the universe…
Belief in God | At least once a week | Once or twice a month | Several times a year | Seldom/never | Don't know | Sample size |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Believe in God; absolutely certain | 47% | 15% | 11% | 25% | 2% | 11,347 |
Believe in God; fairly certain | 40% | 15% | 15% | 27% | 2% | 1,612 |
Believe in God; not too/not at all certain | 36% | 13% | 15% | 33% | 2% | 263 |
Do not believe in God | 31% | 13% | 18% | 36% | 1% | 265 |
Other/don't know if they believe in God | 39% | 13% | 14% | 30% | 4% | 125 |
Sources of guidance on right and wrong among adults who oppose or strongly oppose gay marriage by belief in God
% of adults who oppose or strongly oppose gay marriage who say they look to…most for guidance on right and wrong
Belief in God | Religion | Philosophy/reason | Common sense | Science | Don't know | Sample size |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Believe in God; absolutely certain | 62% | 4% | 28% | 3% | 2% | 11,347 |
Believe in God; fairly certain | 27% | 8% | 53% | 10% | 2% | 1,612 |
Believe in God; not too/not at all certain | 12% | 12% | 62% | 13% | 1% | 263 |
Do not believe in God | 5% | 11% | 58% | 25% | 1% | 265 |
Other/don't know if they believe in God | 19% | 13% | 56% | 9% | 3% | 125 |
Belief in absolute standards for right and wrong among adults who oppose or strongly oppose gay marriage by belief in God
% of adults who oppose or strongly oppose gay marriage who say…
Belief in God | There are clear standards for what is right and wrong | Right or wrong depends on the situation | Neither/both equally | Don't know | Sample size |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Believe in God; absolutely certain | 51% | 47% | 1% | 1% | 11,347 |
Believe in God; fairly certain | 33% | 64% | 1% | 1% | 1,612 |
Believe in God; not too/not at all certain | 28% | 71% | < 1% | 1% | 263 |
Do not believe in God | 22% | 76% | 1% | 1% | 265 |
Other/don't know if they believe in God | 34% | 63% | 2% | 1% | 125 |
Frequency of reading scripture among adults who oppose or strongly oppose gay marriage by belief in God
% of adults who oppose or strongly oppose gay marriage who read scripture…
Belief in God | At least once a week | Once or twice a month | Several times a year | Seldom/never | Don't know | Sample size |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Believe in God; absolutely certain | 64% | 10% | 7% | 18% | 1% | 11,347 |
Believe in God; fairly certain | 26% | 11% | 10% | 52% | 1% | 1,612 |
Believe in God; not too/not at all certain | 10% | 11% | 6% | 72% | 1% | 263 |
Do not believe in God | 4% | 3% | 4% | 89% | < 1% | 265 |
Other/don't know if they believe in God | 24% | 8% | 3% | 63% | 2% | 125 |
Interpreting scripture among adults who oppose or strongly oppose gay marriage by belief in God
% of adults who oppose or strongly oppose gay marriage who say the holy scripture is…
Belief in God | Word of God; should be taken literally | Word of God; not everything taken literally | Word of God; other/don't know | Not the word of God | Other/don't know | Sample size |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Believe in God; absolutely certain | 57% | 28% | 4% | 6% | 4% | 11,347 |
Believe in God; fairly certain | 30% | 33% | 2% | 27% | 8% | 1,612 |
Believe in God; not too/not at all certain | 16% | 15% | 1% | 62% | 6% | 263 |
Do not believe in God | 7% | 2% | < 1% | 84% | 7% | 265 |
Other/don't know if they believe in God | 14% | 8% | 5% | 52% | 21% | 125 |
Belief in Heaven among adults who oppose or strongly oppose gay marriage by belief in God
% of adults who oppose or strongly oppose gay marriage who …in heaven
Belief in God | Believe | Don't believe | Other/don't know | Sample size |
---|---|---|---|---|
Believe in God; absolutely certain | 89% | 5% | 6% | 11,347 |
Believe in God; fairly certain | 80% | 13% | 7% | 1,612 |
Believe in God; not too/not at all certain | 52% | 35% | 13% | 263 |
Do not believe in God | 13% | 84% | 3% | 265 |
Other/don't know if they believe in God | 36% | 34% | 31% | 125 |
Belief in Hell among adults who oppose or strongly oppose gay marriage by belief in God
% of adults who oppose or strongly oppose gay marriage who …in hell
Belief in God | Believe | Don't believe | Other/don't know | Sample size |
---|---|---|---|---|
Believe in God; absolutely certain | 81% | 12% | 6% | 11,347 |
Believe in God; fairly certain | 62% | 28% | 10% | 1,612 |
Believe in God; not too/not at all certain | 40% | 49% | 11% | 263 |
Do not believe in God | 10% | 86% | 5% | 265 |
Other/don't know if they believe in God | 37% | 37% | 27% | 125 |
Social✭and✭Political✭Views
Party affiliation among adults who oppose or strongly oppose gay marriage by belief in God
% of adults who oppose or strongly oppose gay marriage who identify as…
Belief in God | Republican/lean Rep. | No lean | Democrat/lean Dem. | Sample size |
---|---|---|---|---|
Believe in God; absolutely certain | 55% | 16% | 30% | 11,347 |
Believe in God; fairly certain | 47% | 19% | 34% | 1,612 |
Believe in God; not too/not at all certain | 42% | 16% | 42% | 263 |
Do not believe in God | 48% | 23% | 29% | 265 |
Other/don't know if they believe in God | 40% | 35% | 25% | 125 |
Political ideology among adults who oppose or strongly oppose gay marriage by belief in God
% of adults who oppose or strongly oppose gay marriage who are…
Belief in God | Conservative | Moderate | Liberal | Don't know | Sample size |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Believe in God; absolutely certain | 60% | 24% | 10% | 6% | 11,347 |
Believe in God; fairly certain | 46% | 30% | 19% | 5% | 1,612 |
Believe in God; not too/not at all certain | 37% | 33% | 19% | 12% | 263 |
Do not believe in God | 35% | 37% | 21% | 7% | 265 |
Other/don't know if they believe in God | 42% | 31% | 14% | 13% | 125 |
Views about size of government among adults who oppose or strongly oppose gay marriage by belief in God
% of adults who oppose or strongly oppose gay marriage who would rather have…
Belief in God | Smaller government; fewer services | Bigger government; more services | Depends | Don't know | Sample size |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Believe in God; absolutely certain | 63% | 32% | 2% | 3% | 11,347 |
Believe in God; fairly certain | 55% | 41% | 2% | 2% | 1,612 |
Believe in God; not too/not at all certain | 57% | 41% | 1% | 1% | 263 |
Do not believe in God | 67% | 30% | 2% | 1% | 265 |
Other/don't know if they believe in God | 65% | 22% | 2% | 11% | 125 |
Views about government aid to the poor among adults who oppose or strongly oppose gay marriage by belief in God
% of adults who oppose or strongly oppose gay marriage who say government aid to the poor…
Belief in God | Does more harm than good | Does more good than harm | Neither/both equally | Don't know | Sample size |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Believe in God; absolutely certain | 57% | 37% | 4% | 2% | 11,347 |
Believe in God; fairly certain | 57% | 38% | 3% | 2% | 1,612 |
Believe in God; not too/not at all certain | 54% | 42% | 2% | 2% | 263 |
Do not believe in God | 58% | 35% | 5% | 1% | 265 |
Other/don't know if they believe in God | 56% | 33% | 9% | 2% | 125 |
Views about abortion among adults who oppose or strongly oppose gay marriage by belief in God
% of adults who oppose or strongly oppose gay marriage who say abortion should be…
Belief in God | Legal in all/most cases | Illegal in all/most cases | Don't know | Sample size |
---|---|---|---|---|
Believe in God; absolutely certain | 26% | 71% | 4% | 11,347 |
Believe in God; fairly certain | 43% | 53% | 4% | 1,612 |
Believe in God; not too/not at all certain | 52% | 47% | 1% | 263 |
Do not believe in God | 67% | 30% | 3% | 265 |
Other/don't know if they believe in God | 41% | 48% | 11% | 125 |
Views about homosexuality among adults who oppose or strongly oppose gay marriage by belief in God
% of adults who oppose or strongly oppose gay marriage who say homosexuality…
Belief in God | Should be accepted | Should be discouraged | Neither/both equally | Don't know | Sample size |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Believe in God; absolutely certain | 21% | 72% | 4% | 3% | 11,347 |
Believe in God; fairly certain | 37% | 55% | 4% | 4% | 1,612 |
Believe in God; not too/not at all certain | 35% | 57% | 1% | 7% | 263 |
Do not believe in God | 38% | 57% | 3% | 2% | 265 |
Other/don't know if they believe in God | 21% | 65% | 9% | 4% | 125 |
Views about environmental regulation among adults who oppose or strongly oppose gay marriage by belief in God
% of adults who oppose or strongly oppose gay marriage who say…
Belief in God | Stricter environmental laws and regulations cost too many jobs and hurt the economy | Stricter environmental laws and regulations are worth the cost | Neither/both equally | Don't know | Sample size |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Believe in God; absolutely certain | 51% | 43% | 3% | 4% | 11,347 |
Believe in God; fairly certain | 49% | 46% | 2% | 4% | 1,612 |
Believe in God; not too/not at all certain | 55% | 40% | 2% | 2% | 263 |
Do not believe in God | 47% | 50% | 2% | 2% | 265 |
Other/don't know if they believe in God | 56% | 36% | 3% | 6% | 125 |
Views about human evolution among adults who oppose or strongly oppose gay marriage by belief in God
% of adults who oppose or strongly oppose gay marriage who say humans…
Belief in God | Evolved; due to natural processes | Evolved; due to God's design | Evolved; don't know how | Always existed in present form | Don't know | Sample size |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Believe in God; absolutely certain | 9% | 24% | 2% | 59% | 5% | 11,347 |
Believe in God; fairly certain | 29% | 28% | 5% | 33% | 5% | 1,612 |
Believe in God; not too/not at all certain | 47% | 13% | 5% | 32% | 4% | 263 |
Do not believe in God | 64% | 7% | 2% | 23% | 4% | 265 |
Other/don't know if they believe in God | 46% | 10% | 12% | 24% | 8% | 125 |