Parent of children under 18 among adults who believe in God and are not too or not at all certain by religious group
% of adults who believe in God and are not too or not at all certain who are…
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Religious tradition
Parents
Non-parents
Sample size
Catholic
32%
68%
310
Jewish
23%
77%
118
Mainline Protestant
20%
80%
275
Unaffiliated (religious "nones")
23%
77%
844
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Age distribution among adults who believe in God and are not too or not at all certain by parental status
% of adults who believe in God and are not too or not at all certain who are ages…
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Parent of children under 18
18-29
30-49
50-64
65+
Sample size
Parents
18%
72%
9%
1%
392
Non-parents
41%
20%
23%
16%
1,397
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Generational cohort among adults who believe in God and are not too or not at all certain by parental status
% of adults who believe in God and are not too or not at all certain who are…
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Parent of children under 18
Younger Millennial
Older Millennial
Generation X
Baby Boomer
Silent
Greatest
Sample size
Parents
6%
23%
60%
9%
1%
< 1%
392
Non-parents
28%
19%
14%
28%
10%
1%
1,397
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Gender composition among adults who believe in God and are not too or not at all certain by parental status
% of adults who believe in God and are not too or not at all certain who are…
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Parent of children under 18
Men
Women
Sample size
Parents
54%
46%
397
Non-parents
62%
38%
1,414
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Racial and ethnic composition among adults who believe in God and are not too or not at all certain by parental status
% of adults who believe in God and are not too or not at all certain who identify as…
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Parent of children under 18
White
Black
Asian
Latino
Other/Mixed
Sample size
Parents
62%
6%
7%
24%
1%
392
Non-parents
68%
5%
9%
15%
4%
1,400
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Immigrant status among adults who believe in God and are not too or not at all certain by parental status
% of adults who believe in God and are not too or not at all certain who are…
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Parent of children under 18
Immigrants
Second generation
Third generation or higher
Sample size
Parents
27%
7%
66%
394
Non-parents
17%
17%
65%
1,395
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Income distribution among adults who believe in God and are not too or not at all certain by parental status
% of adults who believe in God and are not too or not at all certain who have a household income of…
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Parent of children under 18
Less than $30,000
$30,000-$49,999
$50,000-$99,999
$100,000 or more
Sample size
Parents
31%
19%
19%
31%
366
Non-parents
33%
16%
28%
24%
1,266
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Educational distribution among adults who believe in God and are not too or not at all certain by parental status
% of adults who believe in God and are not too or not at all certain who have completed…
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Parent of children under 18
High school or less
Some college
College
Post-graduate degree
Sample size
Parents
37%
24%
20%
19%
395
Non-parents
39%
29%
19%
13%
1,407
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Marital status among adults who believe in God and are not too or not at all certain by parental status
% of adults who believe in God and are not too or not at all certain who are…
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Parent of children under 18
Married
Living with a partner
Divorced/separated
Widowed
Never married
Sample size
Parents
65%
12%
9%
2%
11%
396
Non-parents
32%
10%
9%
5%
45%
1,407
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Importance of religion in one's life among adults who believe in God and are not too or not at all certain by parental status
% of adults who believe in God and are not too or not at all certain who say religion is…
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Parent of children under 18
Very important
Somewhat important
Not too important
Not at all important
Don't know
Sample size
Parents
14%
34%
35%
16%
< 1%
397
Non-parents
8%
29%
40%
23%
1%
1,414
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Attendance at religious services among adults who believe in God and are not too or not at all certain by parental status
% of adults who believe in God and are not too or not at all certain who attend religious services…
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Parent of children under 18
At least once a week
Once or twice a month/a few times a year
Seldom/never
Don't know
Sample size
Parents
7%
43%
49%
< 1%
397
Non-parents
7%
34%
59%
< 1%
1,414
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Frequency of prayer among adults who believe in God and are not too or not at all certain by parental status
% of adults who believe in God and are not too or not at all certain who pray…
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Table
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Parent of children under 18
At least daily
Weekly
Monthly
Seldom/never
Don't know
Sample size
Parents
20%
14%
13%
53%
< 1%
397
Non-parents
15%
12%
11%
61%
< 1%
1,414
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Frequency of participation in prayer, scripture study or religious education groups among adults who believe in God and are not too or not at all certain by parental status
% of adults who believe in God and are not too or not at all certain who attend prayer group…
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Table
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Parent of children under 18
At least once a week
Once or twice a month
Several times a year
Seldom/never
Don't know
Sample size
Parents
5%
6%
6%
83%
< 1%
397
Non-parents
4%
3%
4%
88%
< 1%
1,414
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Frequency of meditation among adults who believe in God and are not too or not at all certain by parental status
% of adults who believe in God and are not too or not at all certain who meditate…
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Table
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Parent of children under 18
At least once a week
Once or twice a month
Several times a year
Seldom/never
Don't know
Sample size
Parents
23%
12%
5%
60%
< 1%
397
Non-parents
22%
12%
7%
58%
1%
1,414
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Frequency of feeling spiritual peace and wellbeing among adults who believe in God and are not too or not at all certain by parental status
% of adults who believe in God and are not too or not at all certain who feel a sense of spiritual peace and wellbeing…
Chart
Table
Share
Parent of children under 18
At least once a week
Once or twice a month
Several times a year
Seldom/never
Don't know
Sample size
Parents
35%
18%
14%
33%
< 1%
397
Non-parents
29%
17%
15%
38%
1%
1,414
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Frequency of feeling wonder about the universe among adults who believe in God and are not too or not at all certain by parental status
% of adults who believe in God and are not too or not at all certain who feel a sense of wonder about the universe…
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Table
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Parent of children under 18
At least once a week
Once or twice a month
Several times a year
Seldom/never
Don't know
Sample size
Parents
41%
17%
18%
24%
< 1%
397
Non-parents
46%
16%
14%
23%
1%
1,414
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Sources of guidance on right and wrong among adults who believe in God and are not too or not at all certain by parental status
% of adults who believe in God and are not too or not at all certain who say they look to…most for guidance on right and wrong
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Table
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Parent of children under 18
Religion
Philosophy/reason
Common sense
Science
Don't know
Sample size
Parents
6%
16%
56%
21%
1%
397
Non-parents
5%
22%
56%
14%
2%
1,414
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Belief in absolute standards for right and wrong among adults who believe in God and are not too or not at all certain by parental status
% of adults who believe in God and are not too or not at all certain who say…
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Parent of children under 18
There are clear standards for what is right and wrong
Right or wrong depends on the situation
Neither/both equally
Don't know
Sample size
Parents
22%
77%
1%
< 1%
397
Non-parents
19%
79%
1%
1%
1,414
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Frequency of reading scripture among adults who believe in God and are not too or not at all certain by parental status
% of adults who believe in God and are not too or not at all certain who read scripture…
Chart
Table
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Parent of children under 18
At least once a week
Once or twice a month
Several times a year
Seldom/never
Don't know
Sample size
Parents
7%
6%
6%
81%
< 1%
397
Non-parents
6%
6%
7%
81%
< 1%
1,414
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Interpreting scripture among adults who believe in God and are not too or not at all certain by parental status
% of adults who believe in God and are not too or not at all certain who say the holy scripture is…
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Parent of children under 18
Word of God; should be taken literally
Word of God; not everything taken literally
Word of God; other/don't know
Not the word of God
Other/don't know
Sample size
Parents
7%
10%
< 1%
74%
9%
397
Non-parents
5%
10%
< 1%
78%
6%
1,414
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Belief in Heaven among adults who believe in God and are not too or not at all certain by parental status
% of adults who believe in God and are not too or not at all certain who …in heaven
Chart
Table
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Parent of children under 18
Believe
Don't believe
Other/don't know
Sample size
Parents
41%
46%
13%
397
Non-parents
39%
48%
13%
1,414
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Belief in Hell among adults who believe in God and are not too or not at all certain by parental status
% of adults who believe in God and are not too or not at all certain who …in hell
Chart
Table
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Parent of children under 18
Believe
Don't believe
Other/don't know
Sample size
Parents
30%
59%
11%
397
Non-parents
28%
62%
11%
1,414
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Party affiliation among adults who believe in God and are not too or not at all certain by parental status
% of adults who believe in God and are not too or not at all certain who identify as…
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Table
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Parent of children under 18
Republican/lean Rep.
No lean
Democrat/lean Dem.
Sample size
Parents
28%
17%
55%
397
Non-parents
23%
18%
60%
1,414
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Political ideology among adults who believe in God and are not too or not at all certain by parental status
% of adults who believe in God and are not too or not at all certain who are…
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Table
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Parent of children under 18
Conservative
Moderate
Liberal
Don't know
Sample size
Parents
19%
42%
36%
3%
397
Non-parents
18%
38%
38%
7%
1,414
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Views about size of government among adults who believe in God and are not too or not at all certain by parental status
% of adults who believe in God and are not too or not at all certain who would rather have…
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Parent of children under 18
Smaller government; fewer services
Bigger government; more services
Depends
Don't know
Sample size
Parents
45%
49%
3%
3%
397
Non-parents
46%
46%
4%
4%
1,414
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Views about government aid to the poor among adults who believe in God and are not too or not at all certain by parental status
% of adults who believe in God and are not too or not at all certain who say government aid to the poor…
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Parent of children under 18
Does more harm than good
Does more good than harm
Neither/both equally
Don't know
Sample size
Parents
36%
60%
3%
< 1%
397
Non-parents
36%
58%
3%
2%
1,414
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Views about abortion among adults who believe in God and are not too or not at all certain by parental status
% of adults who believe in God and are not too or not at all certain who say abortion should be…
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Parent of children under 18
Legal in all/most cases
Illegal in all/most cases
Don't know
Sample size
Parents
76%
21%
3%
397
Non-parents
78%
20%
3%
1,414
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Views about homosexuality among adults who believe in God and are not too or not at all certain by parental status
% of adults who believe in God and are not too or not at all certain who say homosexuality…
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Parent of children under 18
Should be accepted
Should be discouraged
Neither/both equally
Don't know
Sample size
Parents
83%
15%
1%
2%
397
Non-parents
82%
12%
2%
3%
1,414
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Views about same-sex marriage among adults who believe in God and are not too or not at all certain by parental status
% of adults who believe in God and are not too or not at all certain who …same-sex marriage
Chart
Table
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Parent of children under 18
Strongly favor/favor
Oppose/strongly oppose
Don't know
Sample size
Parents
76%
19%
5%
397
Non-parents
78%
16%
6%
1,414
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Views about environmental regulation among adults who believe in God and are not too or not at all certain by parental status
% of adults who believe in God and are not too or not at all certain who say…
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Parent of children under 18
Stricter environmental laws and regulations cost too many jobs and hurt the economy
Stricter environmental laws and regulations are worth the cost
Neither/both equally
Don't know
Sample size
Parents
31%
65%
2%
2%
397
Non-parents
28%
69%
2%
1%
1,414
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Views about human evolution among adults who believe in God and are not too or not at all certain by parental status
% of adults who believe in God and are not too or not at all certain who say humans…
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Parent of children under 18
Evolved; due to natural processes
Evolved; due to God's design
Evolved; don't know how
Always existed in present form
Don't know
Sample size
Parents
69%
11%
4%
14%
2%
397
Non-parents
67%
12%
5%
14%
3%
1,414
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.