Belief in Hell among adults who strongly favor or favor gay marriage

% of adults who strongly favor or favor gay marriage who …in hell

Survey yearBelieveDon't believeOther/don't knowSample size
201444%48%8%18,708
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Learn More: Believe, Don't believe

Belief in Hell among adults who strongly favor or favor gay marriage by religious group

% of adults who strongly favor or favor gay marriage who …in hell

Religious traditionBelieveDon't believeOther/don't knowSample size
Buddhist28%68%4%231
Catholic59%34%8%4,011
Evangelical Protestant74%20%7%2,227
Hindu28%66%6%126
Historically Black Protestant75%18%7%740
Jewish13%81%6%689
Mainline Protestant52%38%10%3,464
Mormon51%39%10%155
Muslim65%26%9%105
Orthodox Christian50%38%12%105
Unaffiliated (religious "nones")22%71%7%5,996
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Learn More: Believe, Don't believe

DemographicInformation

Age distribution among adults who strongly favor or favor gay marriage by belief in hell

% of adults who strongly favor or favor gay marriage who are ages…

Belief in Hell18-2930-4950-6465+Sample size
Believe31%36%23%10%7,368
Don't believe29%35%23%14%9,591
Other/don't know24%35%26%16%1,460
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Generational cohort among adults who strongly favor or favor gay marriage by belief in hell

% of adults who strongly favor or favor gay marriage who are…

Belief in HellYounger MillennialOlder MillennialGeneration XBaby BoomerSilentGreatestSample size
Believe20%19%28%27%6%< 1%7,368
Don't believe18%18%27%27%9%1%9,591
Other/don't know14%16%29%31%10%1%1,460
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Gender composition among adults who strongly favor or favor gay marriage by belief in hell

% of adults who strongly favor or favor gay marriage who are…

Belief in HellMenWomenSample size
Believe43%57%7,453
Don't believe49%51%9,746
Other/don't know44%56%1,509
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Racial and ethnic composition among adults who strongly favor or favor gay marriage by belief in hell

% of adults who strongly favor or favor gay marriage who identify as…

Belief in HellWhiteBlackAsianLatinoOther/MixedSample size
Believe61%14%4%18%4%7,390
Don't believe73%6%5%12%4%9,631
Other/don't know69%8%4%14%5%1,470
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Immigrant status among adults who strongly favor or favor gay marriage by belief in hell

% of adults who strongly favor or favor gay marriage who are…

Belief in HellImmigrantsSecond generationThird generation or higherSample size
Believe15%11%74%7,355
Don't believe14%13%73%9,660
Other/don't know13%12%74%1,481
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Income distribution among adults who strongly favor or favor gay marriage by belief in hell

% of adults who strongly favor or favor gay marriage who have a household income of…

Belief in HellLess than $30,000$30,000-$49,999$50,000-$99,999$100,000 or moreSample size
Believe38%21%25%16%6,633
Don't believe25%19%29%27%8,799
Other/don't know32%19%25%23%1,249
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Educational distribution among adults who strongly favor or favor gay marriage by belief in hell

% of adults who strongly favor or favor gay marriage who have completed…

Belief in HellHigh school or lessSome collegeCollegePost-graduate degreeSample size
Believe42%34%15%8%7,432
Don't believe27%31%24%18%9,706
Other/don't know33%32%19%15%1,495
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Marital status among adults who strongly favor or favor gay marriage by belief in hell

% of adults who strongly favor or favor gay marriage who are…

Belief in HellMarriedLiving with a partnerDivorced/separatedWidowedNever marriedSample size
Believe41%10%13%4%32%7,437
Don't believe44%10%11%4%30%9,711
Other/don't know44%9%12%6%29%1,487
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Parent of children under 18 among adults who strongly favor or favor gay marriage by belief in hell

% of adults who strongly favor or favor gay marriage who are…

Belief in HellParentsNon-parentsSample size
Believe33%67%7,429
Don't believe25%75%9,721
Other/don't know26%74%1,502
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

BeliefsandPractices

Belief in God among adults who strongly favor or favor gay marriage by belief in hell

% of adults who strongly favor or favor gay marriage who say they…

Belief in HellBelieve in God; absolutely certainBelieve in God; fairly certainBelieve in God; not too/not at all certainBelieve in God; don't knowDo not believe in GodOther/don't know if they believe in GodSample size
Believe68%25%4%1%1%1%7,453
Don't believe30%25%11%1%30%4%9,746
Other/don't know46%27%10%1%4%11%1,509
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Importance of religion in one's life among adults who strongly favor or favor gay marriage by belief in hell

% of adults who strongly favor or favor gay marriage who say religion is…

Belief in HellVery importantSomewhat importantNot too importantNot at all importantDon't knowSample size
Believe52%35%10%3%< 1%7,453
Don't believe21%26%22%31%1%9,746
Other/don't know37%31%18%12%2%1,509
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Attendance at religious services among adults who strongly favor or favor gay marriage by belief in hell

% of adults who strongly favor or favor gay marriage who attend religious services…

Belief in HellAt least once a weekOnce or twice a month/a few times a yearSeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
Believe29%44%27%< 1%7,453
Don't believe13%33%55%< 1%9,746
Other/don't know21%37%41%1%1,509
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Frequency of prayer among adults who strongly favor or favor gay marriage by belief in hell

% of adults who strongly favor or favor gay marriage who pray…

Belief in HellAt least dailyWeeklyMonthlySeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
Believe55%22%7%15%< 1%7,453
Don't believe27%13%7%52%< 1%9,746
Other/don't know43%18%7%30%3%1,509
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Frequency of participation in prayer, scripture study or religious education groups among adults who strongly favor or favor gay marriage by belief in hell

% of adults who strongly favor or favor gay marriage who attend prayer group…

Belief in HellAt least once a weekOnce or twice a monthSeveral times a yearSeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
Believe17%11%10%62%< 1%7,453
Don't believe7%5%5%83%< 1%9,746
Other/don't know11%6%7%74%1%1,509
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Frequency of meditation among adults who strongly favor or favor gay marriage by belief in hell

% of adults who strongly favor or favor gay marriage who meditate…

Belief in HellAt least once a weekOnce or twice a monthSeveral times a yearSeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
Believe34%9%4%52%1%7,453
Don't believe32%11%5%51%1%9,746
Other/don't know35%9%6%47%2%1,509
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Frequency of feeling spiritual peace and wellbeing among adults who strongly favor or favor gay marriage by belief in hell

% of adults who strongly favor or favor gay marriage who feel a sense of spiritual peace and wellbeing…

Belief in HellAt least once a weekOnce or twice a monthSeveral times a yearSeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
Believe55%18%11%14%1%7,453
Don't believe45%17%11%25%1%9,746
Other/don't know51%15%12%19%3%1,509
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Frequency of feeling wonder about the universe among adults who strongly favor or favor gay marriage by belief in hell

% of adults who strongly favor or favor gay marriage who feel a sense of wonder about the universe…

Belief in HellAt least once a weekOnce or twice a monthSeveral times a yearSeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
Believe41%18%15%26%1%7,453
Don't believe50%17%14%19%< 1%9,746
Other/don't know49%17%11%20%3%1,509
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Sources of guidance on right and wrong among adults who strongly favor or favor gay marriage by belief in hell

% of adults who strongly favor or favor gay marriage who say they look to…most for guidance on right and wrong

Belief in HellReligionPhilosophy/reasonCommon senseScienceDon't knowSample size
Believe27%11%52%8%2%7,453
Don't believe8%20%54%17%2%9,746
Other/don't know16%15%55%9%5%1,509
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Belief in absolute standards for right and wrong among adults who strongly favor or favor gay marriage by belief in hell

% of adults who strongly favor or favor gay marriage who say…

Belief in HellThere are clear standards for what is right and wrongRight or wrong depends on the situationNeither/both equallyDon't knowSample size
Believe27%71%1%1%7,453
Don't believe18%80%1%1%9,746
Other/don't know22%74%3%2%1,509
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Frequency of reading scripture among adults who strongly favor or favor gay marriage by belief in hell

% of adults who strongly favor or favor gay marriage who read scripture…

Belief in HellAt least once a weekOnce or twice a monthSeveral times a yearSeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
Believe28%13%11%48%1%7,453
Don't believe12%7%8%73%< 1%9,746
Other/don't know20%10%9%60%2%1,509
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Interpreting scripture among adults who strongly favor or favor gay marriage by belief in hell

% of adults who strongly favor or favor gay marriage who say the holy scripture is…

Belief in HellWord of God; should be taken literallyWord of God; not everything taken literallyWord of God; other/don't knowNot the word of GodOther/don't knowSample size
Believe26%39%2%26%7%7,453
Don't believe5%15%1%73%6%9,746
Other/don't know12%20%2%46%20%1,509
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Belief in Heaven among adults who strongly favor or favor gay marriage by belief in hell

% of adults who strongly favor or favor gay marriage who …in heaven

Belief in HellBelieveDon't believeOther/don't knowSample size
Believe96%2%2%7,453
Don't believe33%62%5%9,746
Other/don't know44%3%53%1,509
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

SocialandPoliticalViews

Party affiliation among adults who strongly favor or favor gay marriage by belief in hell

% of adults who strongly favor or favor gay marriage who identify as…

Belief in HellRepublican/lean Rep.No leanDemocrat/lean Dem.Sample size
Believe32%18%50%7,453
Don't believe21%16%63%9,746
Other/don't know23%23%54%1,509
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Political ideology among adults who strongly favor or favor gay marriage by belief in hell

% of adults who strongly favor or favor gay marriage who are…

Belief in HellConservativeModerateLiberalDon't knowSample size
Believe28%41%25%6%7,453
Don't believe14%37%45%4%9,746
Other/don't know19%42%30%9%1,509
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Views about size of government among adults who strongly favor or favor gay marriage by belief in hell

% of adults who strongly favor or favor gay marriage who would rather have…

Belief in HellSmaller government; fewer servicesBigger government; more servicesDependsDon't knowSample size
Believe45%50%2%3%7,453
Don't believe44%49%3%3%9,746
Other/don't know41%44%7%7%1,509
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Views about government aid to the poor among adults who strongly favor or favor gay marriage by belief in hell

% of adults who strongly favor or favor gay marriage who say government aid to the poor…

Belief in HellDoes more harm than goodDoes more good than harmNeither/both equallyDon't knowSample size
Believe41%54%3%1%7,453
Don't believe30%66%3%1%9,746
Other/don't know32%59%6%3%1,509
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Views about abortion among adults who strongly favor or favor gay marriage by belief in hell

% of adults who strongly favor or favor gay marriage who say abortion should be…

Belief in HellLegal in all/most casesIllegal in all/most casesDon't knowSample size
Believe62%35%3%7,453
Don't believe82%16%2%9,746
Other/don't know71%23%6%1,509
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Views about homosexuality among adults who strongly favor or favor gay marriage by belief in hell

% of adults who strongly favor or favor gay marriage who say homosexuality…

Belief in HellShould be acceptedShould be discouragedNeither/both equallyDon't knowSample size
Believe90%6%2%1%7,453
Don't believe95%3%1%1%9,746
Other/don't know91%4%3%3%1,509
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Views about environmental regulation among adults who strongly favor or favor gay marriage by belief in hell

% of adults who strongly favor or favor gay marriage who say…

Belief in HellStricter environmental laws and regulations cost too many jobs and hurt the economyStricter environmental laws and regulations are worth the costNeither/both equallyDon't knowSample size
Believe34%63%2%2%7,453
Don't believe21%75%2%2%9,746
Other/don't know25%66%5%4%1,509
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Views about human evolution among adults who strongly favor or favor gay marriage by belief in hell

% of adults who strongly favor or favor gay marriage who say humans…

Belief in HellEvolved; due to natural processesEvolved; due to God's designEvolved; don't know howAlways existed in present formDon't knowSample size
Believe30%36%3%29%2%7,453
Don't believe66%17%4%11%2%9,746
Other/don't know43%23%11%16%8%1,509
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.