Frequency of reading scripture among adults who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong
% of adults who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who read scripture…
Survey year | At least once a week | Once or twice a month | Several times a year | Seldom/never | Don't know | Sample size |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2014 | 20% | 11% | 10% | 58% | 1% | 3,881 |
2007 | 20% | 10% | 10% | 58% | 1% | 3,367 |
Learn More: At least once a week, Once or twice a month, Several times a year, Seldom/never
Frequency of reading scripture among adults who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong by religious group
% of adults who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who read scripture…
Religious tradition | At least once a week | Once or twice a month | Several times a year | Seldom/never | Don't know | Sample size |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Catholic | 24% | 12% | 12% | 53% | 1% | 738 |
Evangelical Protestant | 40% | 19% | 12% | 29% | < 1% | 408 |
Historically Black Protestant | 52% | 18% | 11% | 17% | 1% | 111 |
Jewish | 14% | 14% | 4% | 67% | 1% | 144 |
Mainline Protestant | 22% | 15% | 13% | 50% | < 1% | 647 |
Unaffiliated (religious "nones") | 8% | 7% | 8% | 78% | < 1% | 1,396 |
Learn More: At least once a week, Once or twice a month, Several times a year, Seldom/never
Demographic✭Information
Age distribution among adults who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong by frequency of reading scripture
% of adults who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who are ages…
Frequency of reading scripture | 18-29 | 30-49 | 50-64 | 65+ | Sample size |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
At least once a week | 32% | 30% | 21% | 16% | 701 |
Once or twice a month | 37% | 34% | 21% | 8% | 417 |
Several times a year | 29% | 39% | 23% | 9% | 377 |
Seldom/never | 33% | 33% | 22% | 12% | 2,307 |
Generational cohort among adults who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong by frequency of reading scripture
% of adults who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who are…
Frequency of reading scripture | Younger Millennial | Older Millennial | Generation X | Baby Boomer | Silent | Greatest | Sample size |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
At least once a week | 20% | 16% | 26% | 25% | 11% | 1% | 701 |
Once or twice a month | 23% | 22% | 26% | 24% | 4% | < 1% | 417 |
Several times a year | 19% | 17% | 31% | 25% | 6% | 1% | 377 |
Seldom/never | 23% | 19% | 25% | 25% | 7% | 1% | 2,307 |
Gender composition among adults who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong by frequency of reading scripture
% of adults who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who are…
Frequency of reading scripture | Men | Women | Sample size |
---|---|---|---|
At least once a week | 47% | 53% | 709 |
Once or twice a month | 60% | 40% | 422 |
Several times a year | 55% | 45% | 381 |
Seldom/never | 55% | 45% | 2,345 |
Racial and ethnic composition among adults who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong by frequency of reading scripture
% of adults who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who identify as…
Frequency of reading scripture | White | Black | Asian | Latino | Other/Mixed | Sample size |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
At least once a week | 49% | 18% | 5% | 22% | 6% | 695 |
Once or twice a month | 64% | 11% | 5% | 16% | 4% | 417 |
Several times a year | 68% | 8% | 5% | 16% | 4% | 376 |
Seldom/never | 73% | 4% | 6% | 13% | 3% | 2,324 |
Immigrant status among adults who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong by frequency of reading scripture
% of adults who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who are…
Frequency of reading scripture | Immigrants | Second generation | Third generation or higher | Sample size |
---|---|---|---|---|
At least once a week | 22% | 13% | 65% | 698 |
Once or twice a month | 16% | 12% | 72% | 420 |
Several times a year | 14% | 12% | 74% | 377 |
Seldom/never | 14% | 15% | 71% | 2,320 |
Income distribution among adults who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong by frequency of reading scripture
% of adults who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who have a household income of…
Frequency of reading scripture | Less than $30,000 | $30,000-$49,999 | $50,000-$99,999 | $100,000 or more | Sample size |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
At least once a week | 43% | 19% | 23% | 15% | 626 |
Once or twice a month | 32% | 18% | 30% | 21% | 388 |
Several times a year | 31% | 14% | 29% | 26% | 355 |
Seldom/never | 26% | 18% | 27% | 28% | 2,100 |
Educational distribution among adults who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong by frequency of reading scripture
% of adults who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who have completed…
Frequency of reading scripture | High school or less | Some college | College | Post-graduate degree | Sample size |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
At least once a week | 38% | 32% | 17% | 13% | 706 |
Once or twice a month | 31% | 32% | 21% | 17% | 421 |
Several times a year | 25% | 30% | 27% | 18% | 381 |
Seldom/never | 26% | 32% | 24% | 18% | 2,337 |
Marital status among adults who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong by frequency of reading scripture
% of adults who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who are…
Frequency of reading scripture | Married | Living with a partner | Divorced/separated | Widowed | Never married | Sample size |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
At least once a week | 40% | 7% | 14% | 7% | 32% | 706 |
Once or twice a month | 40% | 10% | 14% | 2% | 34% | 421 |
Several times a year | 45% | 9% | 10% | 3% | 32% | 380 |
Seldom/never | 40% | 11% | 12% | 3% | 34% | 2,337 |
Parent of children under 18 among adults who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong by frequency of reading scripture
% of adults who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who are…
Frequency of reading scripture | Parents | Non-parents | Sample size |
---|---|---|---|
At least once a week | 30% | 70% | 709 |
Once or twice a month | 29% | 71% | 422 |
Several times a year | 30% | 70% | 379 |
Seldom/never | 23% | 77% | 2,339 |
Beliefs✭and✭Practices
Belief in God among adults who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong by frequency of reading scripture
% of adults who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who say they…
Frequency of reading scripture | Believe in God; absolutely certain | Believe in God; fairly certain | Believe in God; not too/not at all certain | Believe in God; don't know | Do not believe in God | Other/don't know if they believe in God | Sample size |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
At least once a week | 73% | 17% | 4% | 1% | 3% | 2% | 709 |
Once or twice a month | 58% | 26% | 6% | < 1% | 8% | 2% | 422 |
Several times a year | 44% | 32% | 11% | 1% | 10% | 2% | 381 |
Seldom/never | 28% | 28% | 13% | 1% | 25% | 5% | 2,345 |
Importance of religion in one's life among adults who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong by frequency of reading scripture
% of adults who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who say religion is…
Frequency of reading scripture | Very important | Somewhat important | Not too important | Not at all important | Don't know | Sample size |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
At least once a week | 69% | 20% | 5% | 5% | 1% | 709 |
Once or twice a month | 45% | 39% | 9% | 7% | < 1% | 422 |
Several times a year | 32% | 44% | 14% | 9% | 1% | 381 |
Seldom/never | 14% | 31% | 25% | 28% | 1% | 2,345 |
Attendance at religious services among adults who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong by frequency of reading scripture
% of adults who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who attend religious services…
Frequency of reading scripture | At least once a week | Once or twice a month/a few times a year | Seldom/never | Don't know | Sample size |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
At least once a week | 49% | 34% | 16% | 1% | 709 |
Once or twice a month | 27% | 50% | 22% | < 1% | 422 |
Several times a year | 13% | 57% | 29% | < 1% | 381 |
Seldom/never | 7% | 34% | 58% | < 1% | 2,345 |
Frequency of prayer among adults who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong by frequency of reading scripture
% of adults who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who pray…
Frequency of reading scripture | At least daily | Weekly | Monthly | Seldom/never | Don't know | Sample size |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
At least once a week | 77% | 15% | 1% | 6% | < 1% | 709 |
Once or twice a month | 49% | 25% | 10% | 16% | < 1% | 422 |
Several times a year | 36% | 29% | 11% | 23% | < 1% | 381 |
Seldom/never | 20% | 17% | 9% | 53% | 1% | 2,345 |
Frequency of participation in prayer, scripture study or religious education groups among adults who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong by frequency of reading scripture
% of adults who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who attend prayer group…
Frequency of reading scripture | At least once a week | Once or twice a month | Several times a year | Seldom/never | Don't know | Sample size |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
At least once a week | 41% | 17% | 11% | 30% | 1% | 709 |
Once or twice a month | 12% | 19% | 17% | 51% | < 1% | 422 |
Several times a year | 4% | 8% | 21% | 67% | < 1% | 381 |
Seldom/never | 2% | 3% | 4% | 91% | < 1% | 2,345 |
Frequency of meditation among adults who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong by frequency of reading scripture
% of adults who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who meditate…
Frequency of reading scripture | At least once a week | Once or twice a month | Several times a year | Seldom/never | Don't know | Sample size |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
At least once a week | 69% | 7% | 2% | 21% | 1% | 709 |
Once or twice a month | 44% | 17% | 3% | 35% | 1% | 422 |
Several times a year | 39% | 14% | 12% | 34% | 1% | 381 |
Seldom/never | 29% | 12% | 6% | 53% | < 1% | 2,345 |
Frequency of feeling spiritual peace and wellbeing among adults who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong by frequency of reading scripture
% of adults who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who feel a sense of spiritual peace and wellbeing…
Frequency of reading scripture | At least once a week | Once or twice a month | Several times a year | Seldom/never | Don't know | Sample size |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
At least once a week | 75% | 11% | 4% | 8% | 1% | 709 |
Once or twice a month | 55% | 25% | 10% | 10% | 1% | 422 |
Several times a year | 50% | 22% | 12% | 14% | 1% | 381 |
Seldom/never | 41% | 20% | 13% | 25% | 1% | 2,345 |
Frequency of feeling wonder about the universe among adults who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong by frequency of reading scripture
% of adults who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who feel a sense of wonder about the universe…
Frequency of reading scripture | At least once a week | Once or twice a month | Several times a year | Seldom/never | Don't know | Sample size |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
At least once a week | 65% | 12% | 8% | 13% | 2% | 709 |
Once or twice a month | 57% | 19% | 10% | 14% | < 1% | 422 |
Several times a year | 60% | 15% | 15% | 10% | 1% | 381 |
Seldom/never | 52% | 18% | 13% | 17% | < 1% | 2,345 |
Belief in absolute standards for right and wrong among adults who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong by frequency of reading scripture
% of adults who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who say…
Frequency of reading scripture | There are clear standards for what is right and wrong | Right or wrong depends on the situation | Neither/both equally | Don't know | Sample size |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
At least once a week | 30% | 68% | 1% | 1% | 709 |
Once or twice a month | 28% | 70% | 1% | 1% | 422 |
Several times a year | 22% | 75% | 2% | < 1% | 381 |
Seldom/never | 20% | 77% | 2% | 1% | 2,345 |
Interpreting scripture among adults who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong by frequency of reading scripture
% of adults who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who say the holy scripture is…
Frequency of reading scripture | Word of God; should be taken literally | Word of God; not everything taken literally | Word of God; other/don't know | Not the word of God | Other/don't know | Sample size |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
At least once a week | 30% | 36% | 3% | 24% | 7% | 709 |
Once or twice a month | 16% | 32% | < 1% | 42% | 10% | 422 |
Several times a year | 10% | 25% | 1% | 55% | 9% | 381 |
Seldom/never | 6% | 15% | 1% | 72% | 7% | 2,345 |
Belief in Heaven among adults who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong by frequency of reading scripture
% of adults who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who …in heaven
Frequency of reading scripture | Believe | Don't believe | Other/don't know | Sample size |
---|---|---|---|---|
At least once a week | 76% | 15% | 9% | 709 |
Once or twice a month | 68% | 23% | 8% | 422 |
Several times a year | 57% | 31% | 13% | 381 |
Seldom/never | 42% | 48% | 9% | 2,345 |
Belief in Hell among adults who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong by frequency of reading scripture
% of adults who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who …in hell
Frequency of reading scripture | Believe | Don't believe | Other/don't know | Sample size |
---|---|---|---|---|
At least once a week | 57% | 35% | 8% | 709 |
Once or twice a month | 48% | 44% | 8% | 422 |
Several times a year | 39% | 50% | 11% | 381 |
Seldom/never | 29% | 64% | 8% | 2,345 |
Social✭and✭Political✭Views
Party affiliation among adults who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong by frequency of reading scripture
% of adults who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who identify as…
Frequency of reading scripture | Republican/lean Rep. | No lean | Democrat/lean Dem. | Sample size |
---|---|---|---|---|
At least once a week | 31% | 18% | 51% | 709 |
Once or twice a month | 33% | 18% | 49% | 422 |
Several times a year | 30% | 17% | 53% | 381 |
Seldom/never | 24% | 16% | 60% | 2,345 |
Political ideology among adults who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong by frequency of reading scripture
% of adults who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who are…
Frequency of reading scripture | Conservative | Moderate | Liberal | Don't know | Sample size |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
At least once a week | 28% | 36% | 31% | 4% | 709 |
Once or twice a month | 26% | 35% | 35% | 4% | 422 |
Several times a year | 25% | 37% | 35% | 3% | 381 |
Seldom/never | 16% | 37% | 44% | 4% | 2,345 |
Views about size of government among adults who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong by frequency of reading scripture
% of adults who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who would rather have…
Frequency of reading scripture | Smaller government; fewer services | Bigger government; more services | Depends | Don't know | Sample size |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
At least once a week | 46% | 46% | 4% | 4% | 709 |
Once or twice a month | 44% | 50% | 4% | 2% | 422 |
Several times a year | 52% | 44% | 1% | 3% | 381 |
Seldom/never | 45% | 48% | 3% | 3% | 2,345 |
Views about government aid to the poor among adults who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong by frequency of reading scripture
% of adults who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who say government aid to the poor…
Frequency of reading scripture | Does more harm than good | Does more good than harm | Neither/both equally | Don't know | Sample size |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
At least once a week | 37% | 59% | 3% | 2% | 709 |
Once or twice a month | 38% | 57% | 4% | 2% | 422 |
Several times a year | 29% | 66% | 4% | 1% | 381 |
Seldom/never | 31% | 64% | 4% | 1% | 2,345 |
Views about abortion among adults who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong by frequency of reading scripture
% of adults who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who say abortion should be…
Frequency of reading scripture | Legal in all/most cases | Illegal in all/most cases | Don't know | Sample size |
---|---|---|---|---|
At least once a week | 53% | 44% | 4% | 709 |
Once or twice a month | 61% | 37% | 2% | 422 |
Several times a year | 72% | 25% | 3% | 381 |
Seldom/never | 77% | 20% | 3% | 2,345 |
Views about homosexuality among adults who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong by frequency of reading scripture
% of adults who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who say homosexuality…
Frequency of reading scripture | Should be accepted | Should be discouraged | Neither/both equally | Don't know | Sample size |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
At least once a week | 65% | 29% | 4% | 3% | 709 |
Once or twice a month | 75% | 19% | 5% | 1% | 422 |
Several times a year | 84% | 10% | 3% | 3% | 381 |
Seldom/never | 90% | 6% | 2% | 1% | 2,345 |
Views about same-sex marriage among adults who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong by frequency of reading scripture
% of adults who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who …same-sex marriage
Frequency of reading scripture | Strongly favor/favor | Oppose/strongly oppose | Don't know | Sample size |
---|---|---|---|---|
At least once a week | 60% | 33% | 7% | 709 |
Once or twice a month | 70% | 24% | 6% | 422 |
Several times a year | 79% | 16% | 5% | 381 |
Seldom/never | 85% | 12% | 4% | 2,345 |
Views about environmental regulation among adults who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong by frequency of reading scripture
% of adults who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who say…
Frequency of reading scripture | Stricter environmental laws and regulations cost too many jobs and hurt the economy | Stricter environmental laws and regulations are worth the cost | Neither/both equally | Don't know | Sample size |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
At least once a week | 31% | 65% | 2% | 2% | 709 |
Once or twice a month | 31% | 64% | 4% | 1% | 422 |
Several times a year | 24% | 73% | 2% | 1% | 381 |
Seldom/never | 22% | 73% | 2% | 2% | 2,345 |
Views about human evolution among adults who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong by frequency of reading scripture
% of adults who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who say humans…
Frequency of reading scripture | Evolved; due to natural processes | Evolved; due to God's design | Evolved; don't know how | Always existed in present form | Don't know | Sample size |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
At least once a week | 29% | 33% | 4% | 29% | 5% | 709 |
Once or twice a month | 36% | 35% | 5% | 23% | 1% | 422 |
Several times a year | 48% | 28% | 8% | 13% | 3% | 381 |
Seldom/never | 66% | 18% | 4% | 10% | 2% | 2,345 |