Importance of religion in one's life among adults who say homosexuality should be discouraged

% of adults who say homosexuality should be discouraged who say religion is…

Survey yearVery importantSomewhat importantNot too importantNot at all importantDon't knowSample size
201478%14%4%3%< 1%10,872
200774%18%4%3%1%14,396
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Learn More: Very important, Somewhat important, Not too important, Not at all important

Importance of religion in one's life among adults who say homosexuality should be discouraged by religious group

% of adults who say homosexuality should be discouraged who say religion is…

Religious traditionVery importantSomewhat importantNot too importantNot at all importantDon't knowSample size
Catholic71%23%4%2%< 1%1,696
Evangelical Protestant88%10%1%1%< 1%4,943
Historically Black Protestant92%6%< 1%1%< 1%793
Jehovah's Witness96%4%< 1%< 1%< 1%187
Mainline Protestant69%24%5%1%1%1,553
Mormon94%6%1%< 1%< 1%386
Muslim81%15%2%2%< 1%108
Unaffiliated (religious "nones")35%22%20%21%1%847
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Learn More: Very important, Somewhat important, Not too important, Not at all important

DemographicInformation

Age distribution among adults who say homosexuality should be discouraged by importance of religion

% of adults who say homosexuality should be discouraged who are ages…

Importance of religion in one's life18-2930-4950-6465+Sample size
Very important13%32%30%25%8,322
Somewhat important16%32%31%22%1,494
Not too important14%36%28%22%422
Not at all important20%35%26%19%312
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Generational cohort among adults who say homosexuality should be discouraged by importance of religion

% of adults who say homosexuality should be discouraged who are…

Importance of religion in one's lifeYounger MillennialOlder MillennialGeneration XBaby BoomerSilentGreatestSample size
Very important8%11%27%36%17%2%8,322
Somewhat important10%11%27%37%14%1%1,494
Not too important7%12%32%35%12%3%422
Not at all important14%12%29%31%12%2%312
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Gender composition among adults who say homosexuality should be discouraged by importance of religion

% of adults who say homosexuality should be discouraged who are…

Importance of religion in one's lifeMenWomenSample size
Very important49%51%8,544
Somewhat important71%29%1,516
Not too important77%23%428
Not at all important82%18%322
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Racial and ethnic composition among adults who say homosexuality should be discouraged by importance of religion

% of adults who say homosexuality should be discouraged who identify as…

Importance of religion in one's lifeWhiteBlackAsianLatinoOther/MixedSample size
Very important66%16%2%12%3%8,420
Somewhat important69%8%5%14%4%1,501
Not too important74%7%6%11%2%424
Not at all important60%13%4%19%4%316
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Immigrant status among adults who say homosexuality should be discouraged by importance of religion

% of adults who say homosexuality should be discouraged who are…

Importance of religion in one's lifeImmigrantsSecond generationThird generation or higherSample size
Very important14%7%80%8,424
Somewhat important16%8%77%1,494
Not too important12%8%79%423
Not at all important13%13%74%311
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Income distribution among adults who say homosexuality should be discouraged by importance of religion

% of adults who say homosexuality should be discouraged who have a household income of…

Importance of religion in one's lifeLess than $30,000$30,000-$49,999$50,000-$99,999$100,000 or moreSample size
Very important38%22%27%13%7,238
Somewhat important36%21%26%17%1,358
Not too important36%21%26%17%380
Not at all important35%23%24%18%275
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Educational distribution among adults who say homosexuality should be discouraged by importance of religion

% of adults who say homosexuality should be discouraged who have completed…

Importance of religion in one's lifeHigh school or lessSome collegeCollegePost-graduate degreeSample size
Very important47%31%14%7%8,487
Somewhat important54%28%12%6%1,505
Not too important50%31%11%8%425
Not at all important60%25%10%5%319
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Marital status among adults who say homosexuality should be discouraged by importance of religion

% of adults who say homosexuality should be discouraged who are…

Importance of religion in one's lifeMarriedLiving with a partnerDivorced/separatedWidowedNever marriedSample size
Very important59%3%13%10%16%8,507
Somewhat important49%6%15%8%22%1,507
Not too important49%8%14%7%22%425
Not at all important36%6%14%6%38%319
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Parent of children under 18 among adults who say homosexuality should be discouraged by importance of religion

% of adults who say homosexuality should be discouraged who are…

Importance of religion in one's lifeParentsNon-parentsSample size
Very important30%70%8,505
Somewhat important27%73%1,512
Not too important22%78%427
Not at all important22%78%320
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

BeliefsandPractices

Belief in God among adults who say homosexuality should be discouraged by importance of religion

% of adults who say homosexuality should be discouraged who say they…

Importance of religion in one's lifeBelieve in God; absolutely certainBelieve in God; fairly certainBelieve in God; not too/not at all certainBelieve in God; don't knowDo not believe in GodOther/don't know if they believe in GodSample size
Very important93%6%1%1%< 1%< 1%8,544
Somewhat important60%31%6%1%2%1%1,516
Not too important32%36%13%1%13%5%428
Not at all important31%15%14%1%31%8%322
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Attendance at religious services among adults who say homosexuality should be discouraged by importance of religion

% of adults who say homosexuality should be discouraged who attend religious services…

Importance of religion in one's lifeAt least once a weekOnce or twice a month/a few times a yearSeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
Very important71%21%8%1%8,544
Somewhat important20%49%31%< 1%1,516
Not too important4%39%57%< 1%428
Not at all important7%13%80%< 1%322
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Frequency of prayer among adults who say homosexuality should be discouraged by importance of religion

% of adults who say homosexuality should be discouraged who pray…

Importance of religion in one's lifeAt least dailyWeeklyMonthlySeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
Very important87%9%2%2%1%8,544
Somewhat important40%29%12%18%1%1,516
Not too important22%11%10%57%< 1%428
Not at all important22%7%6%65%< 1%322
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Frequency of participation in prayer, scripture study or religious education groups among adults who say homosexuality should be discouraged by importance of religion

% of adults who say homosexuality should be discouraged who attend prayer group…

Importance of religion in one's lifeAt least once a weekOnce or twice a monthSeveral times a yearSeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
Very important55%12%9%23%1%8,544
Somewhat important11%10%10%68%< 1%1,516
Not too important4%3%5%88%< 1%428
Not at all important9%1%4%84%1%322
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Frequency of meditation among adults who say homosexuality should be discouraged by importance of religion

% of adults who say homosexuality should be discouraged who meditate…

Importance of religion in one's lifeAt least once a weekOnce or twice a monthSeveral times a yearSeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
Very important58%6%3%31%3%8,544
Somewhat important25%9%6%58%1%1,516
Not too important25%5%2%65%2%428
Not at all important28%6%4%59%3%322
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Frequency of feeling spiritual peace and wellbeing among adults who say homosexuality should be discouraged by importance of religion

% of adults who say homosexuality should be discouraged who feel a sense of spiritual peace and wellbeing…

Importance of religion in one's lifeAt least once a weekOnce or twice a monthSeveral times a yearSeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
Very important81%9%5%4%1%8,544
Somewhat important39%21%13%26%1%1,516
Not too important27%13%13%45%2%428
Not at all important37%8%8%46%1%322
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Frequency of feeling wonder about the universe among adults who say homosexuality should be discouraged by importance of religion

% of adults who say homosexuality should be discouraged who feel a sense of wonder about the universe…

Importance of religion in one's lifeAt least once a weekOnce or twice a monthSeveral times a yearSeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
Very important50%15%10%23%2%8,544
Somewhat important33%15%16%35%1%1,516
Not too important32%14%15%38%2%428
Not at all important40%12%11%36%1%322
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Sources of guidance on right and wrong among adults who say homosexuality should be discouraged by importance of religion

% of adults who say homosexuality should be discouraged who say they look to…most for guidance on right and wrong

Importance of religion in one's lifeReligionPhilosophy/reasonCommon senseScienceDon't knowSample size
Very important69%3%23%3%2%8,544
Somewhat important22%8%59%9%2%1,516
Not too important10%7%70%11%2%428
Not at all important10%10%59%19%2%322
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Belief in absolute standards for right and wrong among adults who say homosexuality should be discouraged by importance of religion

% of adults who say homosexuality should be discouraged who say…

Importance of religion in one's lifeThere are clear standards for what is right and wrongRight or wrong depends on the situationNeither/both equallyDon't knowSample size
Very important54%43%2%1%8,544
Somewhat important36%63%1%1%1,516
Not too important32%66%1%1%428
Not at all important27%70%2%1%322
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Frequency of reading scripture among adults who say homosexuality should be discouraged by importance of religion

% of adults who say homosexuality should be discouraged who read scripture…

Importance of religion in one's lifeAt least once a weekOnce or twice a monthSeveral times a yearSeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
Very important72%10%5%12%1%8,544
Somewhat important20%12%14%54%1%1,516
Not too important11%9%4%76%< 1%428
Not at all important14%4%4%77%1%322
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Interpreting scripture among adults who say homosexuality should be discouraged by importance of religion

% of adults who say homosexuality should be discouraged who say the holy scripture is…

Importance of religion in one's lifeWord of God; should be taken literallyWord of God; not everything taken literallyWord of God; other/don't knowNot the word of GodOther/don't knowSample size
Very important63%25%4%4%4%8,544
Somewhat important29%37%3%24%8%1,516
Not too important15%23%1%53%8%428
Not at all important15%11%1%64%9%322
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Belief in Heaven among adults who say homosexuality should be discouraged by importance of religion

% of adults who say homosexuality should be discouraged who …in heaven

Importance of religion in one's lifeBelieveDon't believeOther/don't knowSample size
Very important89%5%6%8,544
Somewhat important81%12%7%1,516
Not too important51%37%12%428
Not at all important42%51%6%322
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Belief in Hell among adults who say homosexuality should be discouraged by importance of religion

% of adults who say homosexuality should be discouraged who …in hell

Importance of religion in one's lifeBelieveDon't believeOther/don't knowSample size
Very important82%11%6%8,544
Somewhat important69%24%7%1,516
Not too important43%47%10%428
Not at all important36%58%6%322
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

SocialandPoliticalViews

Party affiliation among adults who say homosexuality should be discouraged by importance of religion

% of adults who say homosexuality should be discouraged who identify as…

Importance of religion in one's lifeRepublican/lean Rep.No leanDemocrat/lean Dem.Sample size
Very important55%16%29%8,544
Somewhat important52%17%32%1,516
Not too important50%21%30%428
Not at all important37%28%35%322
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Political ideology among adults who say homosexuality should be discouraged by importance of religion

% of adults who say homosexuality should be discouraged who are…

Importance of religion in one's lifeConservativeModerateLiberalDon't knowSample size
Very important62%21%10%6%8,544
Somewhat important49%29%15%7%1,516
Not too important43%29%22%6%428
Not at all important36%29%23%12%322
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Views about size of government among adults who say homosexuality should be discouraged by importance of religion

% of adults who say homosexuality should be discouraged who would rather have…

Importance of religion in one's lifeSmaller government; fewer servicesBigger government; more servicesDependsDon't knowSample size
Very important62%32%2%3%8,544
Somewhat important62%34%2%2%1,516
Not too important68%26%2%3%428
Not at all important60%34%2%4%322
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Views about government aid to the poor among adults who say homosexuality should be discouraged by importance of religion

% of adults who say homosexuality should be discouraged who say government aid to the poor…

Importance of religion in one's lifeDoes more harm than goodDoes more good than harmNeither/both equallyDon't knowSample size
Very important56%38%3%2%8,544
Somewhat important60%36%3%1%1,516
Not too important63%34%2%2%428
Not at all important54%41%6%< 1%322
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Views about abortion among adults who say homosexuality should be discouraged by importance of religion

% of adults who say homosexuality should be discouraged who say abortion should be…

Importance of religion in one's lifeLegal in all/most casesIllegal in all/most casesDon't knowSample size
Very important22%75%3%8,544
Somewhat important44%52%4%1,516
Not too important56%39%5%428
Not at all important54%42%3%322
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Views about same-sex marriage among adults who say homosexuality should be discouraged by importance of religion

% of adults who say homosexuality should be discouraged who …same-sex marriage

Importance of religion in one's lifeStrongly favor/favorOppose/strongly opposeDon't knowSample size
Very important6%90%4%8,544
Somewhat important14%81%6%1,516
Not too important18%76%6%428
Not at all important16%77%7%322
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Views about environmental regulation among adults who say homosexuality should be discouraged by importance of religion

% of adults who say homosexuality should be discouraged who say…

Importance of religion in one's lifeStricter environmental laws and regulations cost too many jobs and hurt the economyStricter environmental laws and regulations are worth the costNeither/both equallyDon't knowSample size
Very important52%42%2%4%8,544
Somewhat important53%42%2%3%1,516
Not too important53%43%2%2%428
Not at all important47%49%2%2%322
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Views about human evolution among adults who say homosexuality should be discouraged by importance of religion

% of adults who say homosexuality should be discouraged who say humans…

Importance of religion in one's lifeEvolved; due to natural processesEvolved; due to God's designEvolved; don't know howAlways existed in present formDon't knowSample size
Very important8%21%2%63%6%8,544
Somewhat important24%27%4%41%4%1,516
Not too important40%23%5%30%3%428
Not at all important42%18%3%30%6%322
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.