Income distribution among adults who believe in Hell by religious group
% of adults who believe in Hell who have a household income of…
| Religious tradition | Less than $30,000 | $30,000-$49,999 | $50,000-$99,999 | $100,000 or more | Sample Size |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sample size = 0. Visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire. Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire. | |||||
| Catholic | 37% | 20% | 26% | 18% | 3,824 |
| Evangelical Protestant | 35% | 23% | 28% | 14% | 6,085 |
| Historically Black Protestant | 53% | 22% | 18% | 7% | 1,399 |
| Jewish | 31% | 16% | 25% | 27% | 125 |
| Mainline Protestant | 32% | 21% | 27% | 20% | 2,878 |
| Mormon | 28% | 20% | 31% | 21% | 341 |
| Muslim | 34% | 19% | 30% | 18% | 148 |
| Unaffiliated (religious "nones") | 48% | 21% | 21% | 10% | 1,493 |
Learn More: Less than $30,000, $30,000-$49,999, $50,000-$99,999, $100,000 or more
Switch Display To: religious group among adults who believe in Hell by household income
Demographic✭Information
Age distribution among adults who believe in Hell by household income
% of adults who believe in Hell who are ages…
| Income distribution | 18-29 | 30-49 | 50-64 | 65+ | Sample Size |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sample size = 5,403. Visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire. Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire. | |||||
| Less than $30,000 | 25% | 32% | 25% | 18% | 5,403 |
| $30,000-$49,999 | 21% | 36% | 25% | 18% | 3,450 |
| $50,000-$99,999 | 19% | 39% | 29% | 13% | 4,569 |
| $100,000 or more | 15% | 42% | 32% | 10% | 3,084 |
Switch Display To: household income among adults who believe in Hell by age group
Generational cohort among adults who believe in Hell by household income
% of adults who believe in Hell who are…
| Income distribution | Younger Millennial | Older Millennial | Generation X | Baby Boomer | Silent | Greatest | Sample Size |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sample size = 5,403. Visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire. Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire. | |||||||
| Less than $30,000 | 15% | 17% | 25% | 29% | 13% | 1% | 5,403 |
| $30,000-$49,999 | 12% | 17% | 28% | 30% | 12% | 1% | 3,450 |
| $50,000-$99,999 | 12% | 14% | 32% | 34% | 7% | < 1% | 4,569 |
| $100,000 or more | 12% | 8% | 38% | 36% | 6% | < 1% | 3,084 |
Switch Display To: household income among adults who believe in Hell by generational group
Gender composition among adults who believe in Hell by household income
% of adults who believe in Hell who are…
| Income distribution | Men | Women | Sample Size |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sample size = 5,448. Visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire. Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire. | |||
| Less than $30,000 | 42% | 58% | 5,448 |
| $30,000-$49,999 | 48% | 52% | 3,473 |
| $50,000-$99,999 | 52% | 48% | 4,613 |
| $100,000 or more | 58% | 42% | 3,116 |
Switch Display To: household income among adults who believe in Hell by gender
Racial and ethnic composition among adults who believe in Hell by household income
% of adults who believe in Hell who identify as…
| Income distribution | White | Black | Asian | Latino | Other/Mixed | Sample Size |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sample size = 5,404. Visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire. Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire. | ||||||
| Less than $30,000 | 50% | 20% | 2% | 23% | 4% | 5,404 |
| $30,000-$49,999 | 64% | 15% | 2% | 14% | 4% | 3,445 |
| $50,000-$99,999 | 75% | 11% | 3% | 8% | 3% | 4,574 |
| $100,000 or more | 78% | 8% | 4% | 7% | 3% | 3,087 |
Switch Display To: household income among adults who believe in Hell by race/ethnicity
Immigrant status among adults who believe in Hell by household income
% of adults who believe in Hell who are…
| Income distribution | Immigrants | Second generation | Third generation or higher | Sample Size |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sample size = 5,348. Visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire. Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire. | ||||
| Less than $30,000 | 19% | 9% | 72% | 5,348 |
| $30,000-$49,999 | 13% | 9% | 79% | 3,444 |
| $50,000-$99,999 | 8% | 8% | 84% | 4,591 |
| $100,000 or more | 9% | 9% | 82% | 3,102 |
Switch Display To: household income among adults who believe in Hell by immigrant status
Educational distribution among adults who believe in Hell by household income
% of adults who believe in Hell who have completed…
| Income distribution | High school or less | Some college | College | Post-graduate degree | Sample Size |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sample size = 5,431. Visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire. Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire. | |||||
| Less than $30,000 | 64% | 29% | 5% | 2% | 5,431 |
| $30,000-$49,999 | 45% | 38% | 13% | 4% | 3,469 |
| $50,000-$99,999 | 31% | 39% | 20% | 10% | 4,603 |
| $100,000 or more | 20% | 28% | 30% | 22% | 3,111 |
Switch Display To: household income among adults who believe in Hell by educational group
Marital status among adults who believe in Hell by household income
% of adults who believe in Hell who are…
| Income distribution | Married | Living with a partner | Divorced/separated | Widowed | Never married | Sample Size |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sample size = 5,434. Visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire. Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire. | ||||||
| Less than $30,000 | 29% | 9% | 20% | 11% | 31% | 5,434 |
| $30,000-$49,999 | 49% | 7% | 15% | 6% | 22% | 3,463 |
| $50,000-$99,999 | 65% | 5% | 9% | 3% | 18% | 4,612 |
| $100,000 or more | 74% | 4% | 5% | 2% | 16% | 3,113 |
Switch Display To: household income among adults who believe in Hell by marital status
Parent of children under 18 among adults who believe in Hell by household income
% of adults who believe in Hell who are…
| Income distribution | Parents | Non-parents | Sample Size |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sample size = 5,440. Visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire. Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire. | |||
| Less than $30,000 | 31% | 69% | 5,440 |
| $30,000-$49,999 | 32% | 68% | 3,465 |
| $50,000-$99,999 | 35% | 65% | 4,606 |
| $100,000 or more | 38% | 62% | 3,107 |
Switch Display To: household income among adults who believe in Hell by parental status
Beliefs✭and✭Practices
Belief in God among adults who believe in Hell by household income
% of adults who believe in Hell who say they…
| Income distribution | Believe in God; absolutely certain | Believe in God; fairly certain | Believe in God; not too/not at all certain | Believe in God; don't know | Do not believe in God | Other/don't know if they believe in God | Sample Size |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sample size = 5,448. Visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire. Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire. | |||||||
| Less than $30,000 | 77% | 18% | 3% | 1% | 1% | 1% | 5,448 |
| $30,000-$49,999 | 80% | 16% | 2% | < 1% | 1% | < 1% | 3,473 |
| $50,000-$99,999 | 80% | 16% | 3% | < 1% | < 1% | < 1% | 4,613 |
| $100,000 or more | 79% | 17% | 3% | < 1% | 1% | < 1% | 3,116 |
Switch Display To: household income among adults who believe in Hell by belief in God
Importance of religion in one's life among adults who believe in Hell by household income
% of adults who believe in Hell who say religion is…
| Income distribution | Very important | Somewhat important | Not too important | Not at all important | Don't know | Sample Size |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sample size = 5,448. Visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire. Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire. | ||||||
| Less than $30,000 | 69% | 22% | 5% | 3% | 1% | 5,448 |
| $30,000-$49,999 | 68% | 24% | 5% | 2% | < 1% | 3,473 |
| $50,000-$99,999 | 67% | 25% | 6% | 2% | < 1% | 4,613 |
| $100,000 or more | 64% | 28% | 6% | 2% | < 1% | 3,116 |
Switch Display To: household income among adults who believe in Hell by importance of religion
Attendance at religious services among adults who believe in Hell by household income
% of adults who believe in Hell who attend religious services…
| Income distribution | At least once a week | Once or twice a month/a few times a year | Seldom/never | Don't know | Sample Size |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sample size = 5,448. Visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire. Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire. | |||||
| Less than $30,000 | 42% | 34% | 23% | 1% | 5,448 |
| $30,000-$49,999 | 46% | 35% | 19% | < 1% | 3,473 |
| $50,000-$99,999 | 50% | 34% | 16% | < 1% | 4,613 |
| $100,000 or more | 45% | 39% | 15% | < 1% | 3,116 |
Switch Display To: household income among adults who believe in Hell by religious attendance
Frequency of prayer among adults who believe in Hell by household income
% of adults who believe in Hell who pray…
| Income distribution | At least daily | Weekly | Monthly | Seldom/never | Don't know | Sample Size |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sample size = 5,448. Visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire. Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire. | ||||||
| Less than $30,000 | 69% | 17% | 5% | 9% | 1% | 5,448 |
| $30,000-$49,999 | 68% | 16% | 5% | 11% | < 1% | 3,473 |
| $50,000-$99,999 | 68% | 17% | 5% | 9% | < 1% | 4,613 |
| $100,000 or more | 66% | 18% | 7% | 9% | < 1% | 3,116 |
Switch Display To: household income among adults who believe in Hell by frequency of prayer
Frequency of participation in prayer, scripture study or religious education groups among adults who believe in Hell by household income
% of adults who believe in Hell who attend prayer group…
| Income distribution | At least once a week | Once or twice a month | Several times a year | Seldom/never | Don't know | Sample Size |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sample size = 5,448. Visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire. Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire. | ||||||
| Less than $30,000 | 33% | 13% | 9% | 45% | 1% | 5,448 |
| $30,000-$49,999 | 32% | 11% | 10% | 46% | < 1% | 3,473 |
| $50,000-$99,999 | 32% | 12% | 11% | 45% | < 1% | 4,613 |
| $100,000 or more | 27% | 12% | 11% | 50% | < 1% | 3,116 |
Frequency of meditation among adults who believe in Hell by household income
% of adults who believe in Hell who meditate…
| Income distribution | At least once a week | Once or twice a month | Several times a year | Seldom/never | Don't know | Sample Size |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sample size = 5,448. Visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire. Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire. | ||||||
| Less than $30,000 | 47% | 8% | 4% | 39% | 2% | 5,448 |
| $30,000-$49,999 | 45% | 8% | 3% | 44% | 1% | 3,473 |
| $50,000-$99,999 | 40% | 8% | 4% | 48% | 1% | 4,613 |
| $100,000 or more | 36% | 9% | 4% | 50% | 1% | 3,116 |
Switch Display To: household income among adults who believe in Hell by frequency of meditation
Frequency of feeling spiritual peace and wellbeing among adults who believe in Hell by household income
% of adults who believe in Hell who feel a sense of spiritual peace and wellbeing…
| Income distribution | At least once a week | Once or twice a month | Several times a year | Seldom/never | Don't know | Sample Size |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sample size = 5,448. Visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire. Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire. | ||||||
| Less than $30,000 | 64% | 14% | 8% | 13% | 1% | 5,448 |
| $30,000-$49,999 | 66% | 15% | 8% | 11% | 1% | 3,473 |
| $50,000-$99,999 | 65% | 16% | 10% | 9% | 1% | 4,613 |
| $100,000 or more | 64% | 15% | 11% | 9% | 1% | 3,116 |
Frequency of feeling wonder about the universe among adults who believe in Hell by household income
% of adults who believe in Hell who feel a sense of wonder about the universe…
| Income distribution | At least once a week | Once or twice a month | Several times a year | Seldom/never | Don't know | Sample Size |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sample size = 5,448. Visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire. Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire. | ||||||
| Less than $30,000 | 46% | 14% | 12% | 26% | 2% | 5,448 |
| $30,000-$49,999 | 43% | 17% | 12% | 27% | 1% | 3,473 |
| $50,000-$99,999 | 42% | 18% | 14% | 25% | 1% | 4,613 |
| $100,000 or more | 40% | 19% | 15% | 25% | 1% | 3,116 |
Sources of guidance on right and wrong among adults who believe in Hell by household income
% of adults who believe in Hell who say they look to…most for guidance on right and wrong
| Income distribution | Religion | Philosophy/reason | Common sense | Science | Don't know | Sample Size |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sample size = 5,448. Visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire. Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire. | ||||||
| Less than $30,000 | 43% | 7% | 41% | 6% | 2% | 5,448 |
| $30,000-$49,999 | 46% | 6% | 40% | 6% | 2% | 3,473 |
| $50,000-$99,999 | 48% | 6% | 40% | 4% | 2% | 4,613 |
| $100,000 or more | 44% | 9% | 40% | 6% | 2% | 3,116 |
Belief in absolute standards for right and wrong among adults who believe in Hell by household income
% of adults who believe in Hell who say…
| Income distribution | There are clear standards for what is right and wrong | Right or wrong depends on the situation | Neither/both equally | Don't know | Sample Size |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sample size = 5,448. Visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire. Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire. | |||||
| Less than $30,000 | 32% | 65% | 1% | 1% | 5,448 |
| $30,000-$49,999 | 39% | 59% | 1% | 1% | 3,473 |
| $50,000-$99,999 | 46% | 52% | 1% | < 1% | 4,613 |
| $100,000 or more | 49% | 50% | 1% | < 1% | 3,116 |
Frequency of reading scripture among adults who believe in Hell by household income
% of adults who believe in Hell who read scripture…
| Income distribution | At least once a week | Once or twice a month | Several times a year | Seldom/never | Don't know | Sample Size |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sample size = 5,448. Visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire. Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire. | ||||||
| Less than $30,000 | 49% | 12% | 8% | 30% | 1% | 5,448 |
| $30,000-$49,999 | 47% | 13% | 9% | 31% | < 1% | 3,473 |
| $50,000-$99,999 | 45% | 12% | 10% | 33% | < 1% | 4,613 |
| $100,000 or more | 39% | 12% | 11% | 38% | < 1% | 3,116 |
Interpreting scripture among adults who believe in Hell by household income
% of adults who believe in Hell who say the holy scripture is…
| Income distribution | Word of God; should be taken literally | Word of God; not everything taken literally | Word of God; other/don't know | Not the word of God | Other/don't know | Sample Size |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sample size = 5,448. Visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire. Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire. | ||||||
| Less than $30,000 | 51% | 26% | 3% | 14% | 6% | 5,448 |
| $30,000-$49,999 | 45% | 33% | 3% | 15% | 5% | 3,473 |
| $50,000-$99,999 | 37% | 39% | 3% | 16% | 5% | 4,613 |
| $100,000 or more | 30% | 43% | 3% | 19% | 5% | 3,116 |
Belief in Heaven among adults who believe in Hell by household income
% of adults who believe in Hell who …in heaven
| Income distribution | Believe | Don't believe | Other/don't know | Sample Size |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sample size = 5,448. Visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire. Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire. | ||||
| Less than $30,000 | 95% | 3% | 2% | 5,448 |
| $30,000-$49,999 | 96% | 2% | 2% | 3,473 |
| $50,000-$99,999 | 95% | 2% | 3% | 4,613 |
| $100,000 or more | 95% | 3% | 3% | 3,116 |
Switch Display To: household income among adults who believe in Hell by belief in heaven
Social✭and✭Political✭Views
Party affiliation among adults who believe in Hell by household income
% of adults who believe in Hell who identify as…
| Income distribution | Republican/lean Rep. | No lean | Democrat/lean Dem. | Sample Size |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sample size = 5,448. Visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire. Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire. | ||||
| Less than $30,000 | 31% | 20% | 49% | 5,448 |
| $30,000-$49,999 | 44% | 15% | 41% | 3,473 |
| $50,000-$99,999 | 56% | 11% | 33% | 4,613 |
| $100,000 or more | 62% | 9% | 29% | 3,116 |
Switch Display To: household income among adults who believe in Hell by political party
Political ideology among adults who believe in Hell by household income
% of adults who believe in Hell who are…
| Income distribution | Conservative | Moderate | Liberal | Don't know | Sample Size |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sample size = 5,448. Visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire. Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire. | |||||
| Less than $30,000 | 38% | 33% | 22% | 8% | 5,448 |
| $30,000-$49,999 | 45% | 33% | 18% | 4% | 3,473 |
| $50,000-$99,999 | 51% | 33% | 13% | 3% | 4,613 |
| $100,000 or more | 52% | 32% | 14% | 2% | 3,116 |
Switch Display To: household income among adults who believe in Hell by political ideology
Views about size of government among adults who believe in Hell by household income
% of adults who believe in Hell who would rather have…
| Income distribution | Smaller government; fewer services | Bigger government; more services | Depends | Don't know | Sample Size |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sample size = 5,448. Visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire. Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire. | |||||
| Less than $30,000 | 37% | 58% | 2% | 3% | 5,448 |
| $30,000-$49,999 | 57% | 38% | 2% | 3% | 3,473 |
| $50,000-$99,999 | 68% | 28% | 2% | 3% | 4,613 |
| $100,000 or more | 73% | 24% | 1% | 1% | 3,116 |
Views about government aid to the poor among adults who believe in Hell by household income
% of adults who believe in Hell who say government aid to the poor…
| Income distribution | Does more harm than good | Does more good than harm | Neither/both equally | Don't know | Sample Size |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sample size = 5,448. Visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire. Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire. | |||||
| Less than $30,000 | 37% | 57% | 4% | 2% | 5,448 |
| $30,000-$49,999 | 51% | 44% | 4% | 1% | 3,473 |
| $50,000-$99,999 | 61% | 35% | 3% | 1% | 4,613 |
| $100,000 or more | 64% | 32% | 2% | 1% | 3,116 |
Views about abortion among adults who believe in Hell by household income
% of adults who believe in Hell who say abortion should be…
| Income distribution | Legal in all/most cases | Illegal in all/most cases | Don't know | Sample Size |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sample size = 5,448. Visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire. Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire. | ||||
| Less than $30,000 | 42% | 54% | 4% | 5,448 |
| $30,000-$49,999 | 43% | 54% | 3% | 3,473 |
| $50,000-$99,999 | 44% | 54% | 3% | 4,613 |
| $100,000 or more | 46% | 51% | 3% | 3,116 |
Switch Display To: household income among adults who believe in Hell by views about abortion
Views about homosexuality among adults who believe in Hell by household income
% of adults who believe in Hell who say homosexuality…
| Income distribution | Should be accepted | Should be discouraged | Neither/both equally | Don't know | Sample Size |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sample size = 5,448. Visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire. Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire. | |||||
| Less than $30,000 | 53% | 40% | 4% | 3% | 5,448 |
| $30,000-$49,999 | 51% | 42% | 4% | 2% | 3,473 |
| $50,000-$99,999 | 50% | 43% | 4% | 3% | 4,613 |
| $100,000 or more | 56% | 37% | 4% | 3% | 3,116 |
Views about same-sex marriage among adults who believe in Hell by household income
% of adults who believe in Hell who …same-sex marriage
| Income distribution | Strongly favor/favor | Oppose/strongly oppose | Don't know | Sample Size |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sample size = 5,448. Visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire. Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire. | ||||
| Less than $30,000 | 42% | 50% | 8% | 5,448 |
| $30,000-$49,999 | 41% | 52% | 6% | 3,473 |
| $50,000-$99,999 | 41% | 54% | 6% | 4,613 |
| $100,000 or more | 45% | 49% | 7% | 3,116 |
Views about environmental regulation among adults who believe in Hell by household income
% of adults who believe in Hell who say…
| Income distribution | Stricter environmental laws and regulations cost too many jobs and hurt the economy | Stricter environmental laws and regulations are worth the cost | Neither/both equally | Don't know | Sample Size |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sample size = 5,448. Visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire. Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire. | |||||
| Less than $30,000 | 42% | 52% | 2% | 4% | 5,448 |
| $30,000-$49,999 | 44% | 52% | 2% | 2% | 3,473 |
| $50,000-$99,999 | 44% | 53% | 2% | 1% | 4,613 |
| $100,000 or more | 48% | 49% | 2% | 1% | 3,116 |
Views about human evolution among adults who believe in Hell by household income
% of adults who believe in Hell who say humans…
| Income distribution | Evolved; due to natural processes | Evolved; due to God's design | Evolved; don't know how | Always existed in present form | Don't know | Sample Size |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sample size = 5,448. Visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire. Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire. | ||||||
| Less than $30,000 | 20% | 28% | 3% | 44% | 5% | 5,448 |
| $30,000-$49,999 | 18% | 30% | 3% | 46% | 3% | 3,473 |
| $50,000-$99,999 | 18% | 33% | 2% | 44% | 3% | 4,613 |
| $100,000 or more | 21% | 33% | 3% | 40% | 3% | 3,116 |
