Religious composition of who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who identify as white

DemographicInformation

Age distribution among who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who identify as white

% of who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who identify as white who are ages…

Survey year18-2930-4950-6465+Sample size
201427%33%25%15%2,789
200723%36%28%13%2,559
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Generational cohort among who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who identify as white

% of who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who identify as white who are…

Survey yearYounger MillennialOlder MillennialGeneration XBaby BoomerSilentGreatestSample size
201417%17%26%29%10%1%2,789
2007< 1%18%28%37%13%4%2,559
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Gender composition among who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who identify as white

% of who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who identify as white who are…

Survey yearMenWomenSample size
201455%45%2,824
200756%44%2,611
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Immigrant status among who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who identify as white

% of who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who identify as white who are…

Survey yearImmigrantsSecond generationThird generation or higherSample size
20146%9%85%2,804
20075%9%86%2,594
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Income distribution among who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who identify as white

% of who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who identify as white who have a household income of…

Survey yearLess than $30,000$30,000-$49,999$50,000-$99,999$100,000 or moreSample size
201424%18%30%29%2,562
200717%20%35%28%2,254
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Educational distribution among who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who identify as white

% of who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who identify as white who have completed…

Survey yearHigh school or lessSome collegeCollegePost-graduate degreeSample size
201423%31%26%20%2,816
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Marital status among who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who identify as white

% of who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who identify as white who are…

Survey yearMarriedLiving with a partnerDivorced/separatedWidowedNever marriedSample size
201445%10%13%5%27%2,817
200751%7%11%6%25%2,599
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Parent of children under 18 among who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who identify as white

% of who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who identify as white who are…

Survey yearParentsNon-parentsSample size
201424%76%2,820
200728%72%2,604
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

BeliefsandPractices

Belief in God among who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who identify as white

% of who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who identify as white who say they…

Survey yearBelieve in God; absolutely certainBelieve in God; fairly certainBelieve in God; not too/not at all certainBelieve in God; don't knowDo not believe in GodOther/don't know if they believe in GodSample size
201438%27%10%1%20%5%2,824
200749%26%6%1%13%5%2,611
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Importance of religion in one's life among who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who identify as white

% of who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who identify as white who say religion is…

Survey yearVery importantSomewhat importantNot too importantNot at all importantDon't knowSample size
201426%32%20%21%1%2,824
200730%36%17%17%1%2,611
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Attendance at religious services among who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who identify as white

% of who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who identify as white who attend religious services…

Survey yearAt least once a weekOnce or twice a month/a few times a yearSeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
201416%37%46%< 1%2,824
200720%39%40%1%2,611
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Frequency of prayer among who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who identify as white

% of who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who identify as white who pray…

Survey yearAt least dailyWeeklyMonthlySeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
201432%19%8%40%1%2,824
200739%19%7%35%1%2,611
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Frequency of participation in prayer, scripture study or religious education groups among who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who identify as white

% of who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who identify as white who attend prayer group…

Survey yearAt least once a weekOnce or twice a monthSeveral times a yearSeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
20148%6%8%77%< 1%2,824
20078%7%8%77%1%2,611
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Frequency of meditation among who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who identify as white

% of who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who identify as white who meditate…

Survey yearAt least once a weekOnce or twice a monthSeveral times a yearSeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
201438%12%6%44%1%2,824
200738%9%6%45%1%2,611
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Frequency of feeling spiritual peace and wellbeing among who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who identify as white

% of who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who identify as white who feel a sense of spiritual peace and wellbeing…

Survey yearAt least once a weekOnce or twice a monthSeveral times a yearSeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
201447%20%11%20%1%2,824
200746%17%14%21%3%2,611
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Frequency of feeling wonder about the universe among who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who identify as white

% of who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who identify as white who feel a sense of wonder about the universe…

Survey yearAt least once a weekOnce or twice a monthSeveral times a yearSeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
201455%17%12%14%1%2,824
200753%15%13%17%1%2,611
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Belief in absolute standards for right and wrong among who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who identify as white

% of who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who identify as white who say…

Survey yearThere are clear standards for what is right and wrongRight or wrong depends on the situationNeither/both equallyDon't knowSample size
201424%73%2%1%2,824
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Frequency of reading scripture among who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who identify as white

% of who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who identify as white who read scripture…

Survey yearAt least once a weekOnce or twice a monthSeveral times a yearSeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
201414%11%10%64%< 1%2,824
200716%9%11%63%1%2,611
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Interpreting scripture among who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who identify as white

% of who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who identify as white who say the holy scripture is…

Survey yearWord of God; should be taken literallyWord of God; not everything taken literallyWord of God; other/don't knowNot the word of GodOther/don't knowSample size
20148%21%1%63%7%2,824
200710%22%1%58%10%2,611
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Belief in Heaven among who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who identify as white

% of who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who identify as white who …in heaven

Survey yearBelieveDon't believeOther/don't knowSample size
201450%41%9%2,824
200750%39%11%2,611
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Belief in Hell among who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who identify as white

% of who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who identify as white who …in hell

Survey yearBelieveDon't believeOther/don't knowSample size
201433%59%8%2,824
200732%56%11%2,611
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

SocialandPoliticalViews

Party affiliation among who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who identify as white

% of who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who identify as white who identify as…

Survey yearRepublican/lean Rep.No leanDemocrat/lean Dem.Sample size
201432%13%55%2,824
200729%12%59%2,611
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Political ideology among who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who identify as white

% of who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who identify as white who are…

Survey yearConservativeModerateLiberalDon't knowSample size
201420%36%40%3%2,824
200721%40%35%3%2,611
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Views about size of government among who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who identify as white

% of who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who identify as white who would rather have…

Survey yearSmaller government; fewer servicesBigger government; more servicesDependsDon't knowSample size
201451%42%4%3%2,824
200748%41%5%5%2,611
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Views about government aid to the poor among who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who identify as white

% of who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who identify as white who say government aid to the poor…

Survey yearDoes more harm than goodDoes more good than harmNeither/both equallyDon't knowSample size
201434%61%4%1%2,824
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Views about abortion among who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who identify as white

% of who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who identify as white who say abortion should be…

Survey yearLegal in all/most casesIllegal in all/most casesDon't knowSample size
201473%24%3%2,824
200771%25%4%2,611
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Views about homosexuality among who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who identify as white

% of who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who identify as white who say homosexuality…

Survey yearShould be acceptedShould be discouragedNeither/both equallyDon't knowSample size
201485%11%2%1%2,824
200774%19%3%4%2,611
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Views about same-sex marriage among who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who identify as white

% of who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who identify as white who …same-sex marriage

Survey yearStrongly favor/favorOppose/strongly opposeDon't knowSample size
201480%16%4%2,824
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Views about environmental regulation among who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who identify as white

% of who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who identify as white who say…

Survey yearStricter environmental laws and regulations cost too many jobs and hurt the economyStricter environmental laws and regulations are worth the costNeither/both equallyDon't knowSample size
201423%73%2%2%2,824
200720%75%3%2%2,611
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Views about human evolution among who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who identify as white

% of who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who identify as white who say humans…

Survey yearEvolved; due to natural processesEvolved; due to God's designEvolved; don't know howAlways existed in present formDon't knowSample size
201457%23%5%13%2%2,824
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.