Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Belief in Hell among adults who say abortion should be legal in all or most cases by religious group
% of adults who say abortion should be legal in all or most cases who …in hell
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Religious tradition
Believe
Don't believe
Other/don't know
Sample size
Buddhist
28%
69%
3%
228
Catholic
57%
36%
8%
3,463
Evangelical Protestant
76%
17%
6%
2,735
Hindu
23%
68%
9%
143
Historically Black Protestant
79%
14%
7%
1,010
Jewish
16%
76%
7%
734
Mainline Protestant
53%
37%
10%
3,816
Mormon
57%
37%
6%
171
Muslim
78%
14%
7%
131
Orthodox Christian
48%
38%
14%
102
Unaffiliated (religious "nones")
20%
72%
7%
5,823
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Age distribution among adults who say abortion should be legal in all or most cases by belief in hell
% of adults who say abortion should be legal in all or most cases who are ages…
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Belief in Hell
18-29
30-49
50-64
65+
Sample size
Believe
22%
36%
28%
15%
7,838
Don't believe
25%
34%
25%
16%
9,489
Other/don't know
18%
32%
29%
22%
1,531
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Generational cohort among adults who say abortion should be legal in all or most cases by belief in hell
% of adults who say abortion should be legal in all or most cases who are…
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Belief in Hell
Younger Millennial
Older Millennial
Generation X
Baby Boomer
Silent
Greatest
Sample size
Believe
14%
14%
30%
32%
9%
1%
7,838
Don't believe
16%
16%
27%
30%
10%
1%
9,489
Other/don't know
10%
13%
26%
35%
13%
2%
1,531
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Gender composition among adults who say abortion should be legal in all or most cases by belief in hell
% of adults who say abortion should be legal in all or most cases who are…
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Belief in Hell
Men
Women
Sample size
Believe
46%
54%
7,965
Don't believe
51%
49%
9,648
Other/don't know
47%
53%
1,599
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Racial and ethnic composition among adults who say abortion should be legal in all or most cases by belief in hell
% of adults who say abortion should be legal in all or most cases who identify as…
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Belief in Hell
White
Black
Asian
Latino
Other/Mixed
Sample size
Believe
60%
17%
4%
14%
4%
7,899
Don't believe
75%
6%
5%
11%
4%
9,531
Other/don't know
68%
10%
5%
11%
5%
1,558
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Immigrant status among adults who say abortion should be legal in all or most cases by belief in hell
% of adults who say abortion should be legal in all or most cases who are…
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Belief in Hell
Immigrants
Second generation
Third generation or higher
Sample size
Believe
13%
10%
77%
7,853
Don't believe
13%
13%
74%
9,573
Other/don't know
13%
12%
76%
1,564
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Income distribution among adults who say abortion should be legal in all or most cases by belief in hell
% of adults who say abortion should be legal in all or most cases who have a household income of…
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Belief in Hell
Less than $30,000
$30,000-$49,999
$50,000-$99,999
$100,000 or more
Sample size
Believe
37%
21%
26%
16%
7,072
Don't believe
24%
19%
30%
27%
8,703
Other/don't know
33%
20%
24%
23%
1,309
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Educational distribution among adults who say abortion should be legal in all or most cases by belief in hell
% of adults who say abortion should be legal in all or most cases who have completed…
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Belief in Hell
High school or less
Some college
College
Post-graduate degree
Sample size
Believe
43%
34%
15%
8%
7,928
Don't believe
28%
30%
24%
18%
9,611
Other/don't know
34%
32%
18%
16%
1,583
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Marital status among adults who say abortion should be legal in all or most cases by belief in hell
% of adults who say abortion should be legal in all or most cases who are…
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Belief in Hell
Married
Living with a partner
Divorced/separated
Widowed
Never married
Sample size
Believe
45%
8%
15%
6%
27%
7,949
Don't believe
45%
10%
12%
5%
28%
9,612
Other/don't know
46%
7%
13%
9%
25%
1,575
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Parent of children under 18 among adults who say abortion should be legal in all or most cases by belief in hell
% of adults who say abortion should be legal in all or most cases who are…
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Belief in Hell
Parents
Non-parents
Sample size
Believe
30%
70%
7,936
Don't believe
24%
76%
9,628
Other/don't know
23%
77%
1,590
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Belief in God among adults who say abortion should be legal in all or most cases by belief in hell
% of adults who say abortion should be legal in all or most cases who say they…
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Belief in Hell
Believe in God; absolutely certain
Believe in God; fairly certain
Believe in God; not too/not at all certain
Believe in God; don't know
Do not believe in God
Other/don't know if they believe in God
Sample size
Believe
71%
23%
4%
< 1%
1%
1%
7,965
Don't believe
30%
24%
11%
< 1%
30%
4%
9,648
Other/don't know
46%
27%
11%
1%
5%
11%
1,599
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Importance of religion in one's life among adults who say abortion should be legal in all or most cases by belief in hell
% of adults who say abortion should be legal in all or most cases who say religion is…
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Belief in Hell
Very important
Somewhat important
Not too important
Not at all important
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
54%
33%
9%
3%
< 1%
7,965
Don't believe
20%
26%
22%
31%
1%
9,648
Other/don't know
37%
31%
18%
12%
2%
1,599
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Attendance at religious services among adults who say abortion should be legal in all or most cases by belief in hell
% of adults who say abortion should be legal in all or most cases who attend religious services…
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Belief in Hell
At least once a week
Once or twice a month/a few times a year
Seldom/never
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
32%
42%
26%
< 1%
7,965
Don't believe
12%
33%
55%
< 1%
9,648
Other/don't know
22%
37%
40%
1%
1,599
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Frequency of prayer among adults who say abortion should be legal in all or most cases by belief in hell
% of adults who say abortion should be legal in all or most cases who pray…
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Belief in Hell
At least daily
Weekly
Monthly
Seldom/never
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
58%
20%
7%
14%
< 1%
7,965
Don't believe
27%
13%
7%
53%
< 1%
9,648
Other/don't know
42%
17%
7%
31%
3%
1,599
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Frequency of participation in prayer, scripture study or religious education groups among adults who say abortion should be legal in all or most cases by belief in hell
% of adults who say abortion should be legal in all or most cases who attend prayer group…
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Table
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Belief in Hell
At least once a week
Once or twice a month
Several times a year
Seldom/never
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
21%
11%
10%
58%
< 1%
7,965
Don't believe
7%
4%
5%
83%
< 1%
9,648
Other/don't know
13%
5%
7%
73%
2%
1,599
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Frequency of meditation among adults who say abortion should be legal in all or most cases by belief in hell
% of adults who say abortion should be legal in all or most cases who meditate…
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Belief in Hell
At least once a week
Once or twice a month
Several times a year
Seldom/never
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
38%
9%
4%
48%
1%
7,965
Don't believe
32%
11%
6%
51%
1%
9,648
Other/don't know
37%
8%
6%
46%
3%
1,599
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Frequency of feeling spiritual peace and wellbeing among adults who say abortion should be legal in all or most cases by belief in hell
% of adults who say abortion should be legal in all or most cases who feel a sense of spiritual peace and wellbeing…
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Belief in Hell
At least once a week
Once or twice a month
Several times a year
Seldom/never
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
57%
17%
11%
14%
1%
7,965
Don't believe
44%
17%
12%
26%
1%
9,648
Other/don't know
51%
15%
12%
20%
3%
1,599
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Frequency of feeling wonder about the universe among adults who say abortion should be legal in all or most cases by belief in hell
% of adults who say abortion should be legal in all or most cases who feel a sense of wonder about the universe…
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Belief in Hell
At least once a week
Once or twice a month
Several times a year
Seldom/never
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
40%
17%
14%
28%
1%
7,965
Don't believe
49%
17%
14%
20%
1%
9,648
Other/don't know
46%
16%
12%
22%
3%
1,599
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Sources of guidance on right and wrong among adults who say abortion should be legal in all or most cases by belief in hell
% of adults who say abortion should be legal in all or most cases who say they look to…most for guidance on right and wrong
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Belief in Hell
Religion
Philosophy/reason
Common sense
Science
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
30%
9%
53%
7%
2%
7,965
Don't believe
7%
19%
55%
17%
2%
9,648
Other/don't know
16%
14%
55%
9%
6%
1,599
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Belief in absolute standards for right and wrong among adults who say abortion should be legal in all or most cases by belief in hell
% of adults who say abortion should be legal in all or most cases who say…
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Belief in Hell
There are clear standards for what is right and wrong
Right or wrong depends on the situation
Neither/both equally
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
30%
68%
1%
1%
7,965
Don't believe
19%
79%
1%
< 1%
9,648
Other/don't know
23%
74%
2%
1%
1,599
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Frequency of reading scripture among adults who say abortion should be legal in all or most cases by belief in hell
% of adults who say abortion should be legal in all or most cases who read scripture…
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Belief in Hell
At least once a week
Once or twice a month
Several times a year
Seldom/never
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
32%
13%
10%
44%
1%
7,965
Don't believe
11%
7%
8%
74%
< 1%
9,648
Other/don't know
21%
10%
9%
58%
2%
1,599
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Interpreting scripture among adults who say abortion should be legal in all or most cases by belief in hell
% of adults who say abortion should be legal in all or most cases who say the holy scripture is…
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Belief in Hell
Word of God; should be taken literally
Word of God; not everything taken literally
Word of God; other/don't know
Not the word of God
Other/don't know
Sample size
Believe
32%
35%
2%
24%
7%
7,965
Don't believe
5%
14%
1%
74%
6%
9,648
Other/don't know
14%
19%
3%
45%
19%
1,599
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Belief in Heaven among adults who say abortion should be legal in all or most cases by belief in hell
% of adults who say abortion should be legal in all or most cases who …in heaven
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Belief in Hell
Believe
Don't believe
Other/don't know
Sample size
Believe
96%
2%
2%
7,965
Don't believe
32%
63%
5%
9,648
Other/don't know
43%
3%
54%
1,599
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Party affiliation among adults who say abortion should be legal in all or most cases by belief in hell
% of adults who say abortion should be legal in all or most cases who identify as…
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Belief in Hell
Republican/lean Rep.
No lean
Democrat/lean Dem.
Sample size
Believe
32%
17%
51%
7,965
Don't believe
22%
16%
63%
9,648
Other/don't know
26%
21%
53%
1,599
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Political ideology among adults who say abortion should be legal in all or most cases by belief in hell
% of adults who say abortion should be legal in all or most cases who are…
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Belief in Hell
Conservative
Moderate
Liberal
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
31%
40%
24%
6%
7,965
Don't believe
15%
37%
44%
4%
9,648
Other/don't know
22%
42%
26%
9%
1,599
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Views about size of government among adults who say abortion should be legal in all or most cases by belief in hell
% of adults who say abortion should be legal in all or most cases who would rather have…
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Belief in Hell
Smaller government; fewer services
Bigger government; more services
Depends
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
47%
47%
3%
3%
7,965
Don't believe
46%
47%
3%
3%
9,648
Other/don't know
44%
41%
7%
8%
1,599
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Views about government aid to the poor among adults who say abortion should be legal in all or most cases by belief in hell
% of adults who say abortion should be legal in all or most cases who say government aid to the poor…
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Belief in Hell
Does more harm than good
Does more good than harm
Neither/both equally
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
43%
53%
3%
1%
7,965
Don't believe
31%
64%
3%
1%
9,648
Other/don't know
34%
56%
6%
4%
1,599
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Views about homosexuality among adults who say abortion should be legal in all or most cases by belief in hell
% of adults who say abortion should be legal in all or most cases who say homosexuality…
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Belief in Hell
Should be accepted
Should be discouraged
Neither/both equally
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
70%
24%
3%
2%
7,965
Don't believe
89%
8%
2%
1%
9,648
Other/don't know
77%
13%
5%
5%
1,599
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Views about same-sex marriage among adults who say abortion should be legal in all or most cases by belief in hell
% of adults who say abortion should be legal in all or most cases who …same-sex marriage
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Table
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Belief in Hell
Strongly favor/favor
Oppose/strongly oppose
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
61%
33%
7%
7,965
Don't believe
85%
11%
4%
9,648
Other/don't know
70%
19%
11%
1,599
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Views about environmental regulation among adults who say abortion should be legal in all or most cases by belief in hell
% of adults who say abortion should be legal in all or most cases who say…
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Table
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Belief in Hell
Stricter environmental laws and regulations cost too many jobs and hurt the economy
Stricter environmental laws and regulations are worth the cost
Neither/both equally
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
36%
60%
2%
2%
7,965
Don't believe
22%
74%
2%
2%
9,648
Other/don't know
28%
63%
5%
4%
1,599
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Views about human evolution among adults who say abortion should be legal in all or most cases by belief in hell
% of adults who say abortion should be legal in all or most cases who say humans…
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Belief in Hell
Evolved; due to natural processes
Evolved; due to God's design
Evolved; don't know how
Always existed in present form
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
27%
34%
3%
33%
3%
7,965
Don't believe
66%
16%
4%
12%
2%
9,648
Other/don't know
41%
22%
10%
18%
8%
1,599
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.