Survey yearBelieveDon't believeOther/don't knowSample size
201467%26%7%19,928
200771%20%9%21,855
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Learn More: Believe, Don't believe

Belief in Heaven among adults who say that stricter environmental laws and regulations are worth the cost by religious group

% of adults who say that stricter environmental laws and regulations are worth the cost who …in heaven

Religious traditionBelieveDon't believeOther/don't knowSample size
Buddhist47%48%5%205
Catholic84%11%5%3,965
Evangelical Protestant89%6%5%3,704
Hindu49%46%4%134
Historically Black Protestant92%4%4%1,156
Jehovah's Witness49%43%8%137
Jewish33%56%11%624
Mainline Protestant77%15%8%3,444
Mormon93%4%3%263
Muslim89%7%4%155
Orthodox Christian83%10%7%110
Unaffiliated (religious "nones")32%60%8%5,281
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Learn More: Believe, Don't believe

DemographicInformation

Age distribution among adults who say that stricter environmental laws and regulations are worth the cost by belief in heaven

% of adults who say that stricter environmental laws and regulations are worth the cost who are ages…

Belief in Heaven18-2930-4950-6465+Sample size
Believe23%36%26%15%12,342
Don't believe29%36%21%14%5,790
Other/don't know19%34%28%19%1,413
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Generational cohort among adults who say that stricter environmental laws and regulations are worth the cost by belief in heaven

% of adults who say that stricter environmental laws and regulations are worth the cost who are…

Belief in HeavenYounger MillennialOlder MillennialGeneration XBaby BoomerSilentGreatestSample size
Believe15%15%29%30%10%1%12,342
Don't believe18%19%28%26%8%1%5,790
Other/don't know11%15%27%34%11%1%1,413
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Gender composition among adults who say that stricter environmental laws and regulations are worth the cost by belief in heaven

% of adults who say that stricter environmental laws and regulations are worth the cost who are…

Belief in HeavenMenWomenSample size
Believe42%58%12,582
Don't believe56%44%5,872
Other/don't know48%52%1,474
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Racial and ethnic composition among adults who say that stricter environmental laws and regulations are worth the cost by belief in heaven

% of adults who say that stricter environmental laws and regulations are worth the cost who identify as…

Belief in HeavenWhiteBlackAsianLatinoOther/MixedSample size
Believe61%16%4%16%4%12,456
Don't believe73%5%6%12%4%5,800
Other/don't know71%8%3%12%6%1,435
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Immigrant status among adults who say that stricter environmental laws and regulations are worth the cost by belief in heaven

% of adults who say that stricter environmental laws and regulations are worth the cost who are…

Belief in HeavenImmigrantsSecond generationThird generation or higherSample size
Believe16%10%74%12,419
Don't believe16%13%71%5,816
Other/don't know13%10%77%1,450
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Income distribution among adults who say that stricter environmental laws and regulations are worth the cost by belief in heaven

% of adults who say that stricter environmental laws and regulations are worth the cost who have a household income of…

Belief in HeavenLess than $30,000$30,000-$49,999$50,000-$99,999$100,000 or moreSample size
Believe37%21%27%16%11,056
Don't believe23%18%30%28%5,348
Other/don't know32%20%25%23%1,232
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Educational distribution among adults who say that stricter environmental laws and regulations are worth the cost by belief in heaven

% of adults who say that stricter environmental laws and regulations are worth the cost who have completed…

Belief in HeavenHigh school or lessSome collegeCollegePost-graduate degreeSample size
Believe41%33%16%10%12,516
Don't believe25%29%26%20%5,851
Other/don't know33%31%20%16%1,460
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Marital status among adults who say that stricter environmental laws and regulations are worth the cost by belief in heaven

% of adults who say that stricter environmental laws and regulations are worth the cost who are…

Belief in HeavenMarriedLiving with a partnerDivorced/separatedWidowedNever marriedSample size
Believe46%8%14%7%26%12,540
Don't believe44%11%11%3%31%5,852
Other/don't know46%8%13%6%28%1,455
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Parent of children under 18 among adults who say that stricter environmental laws and regulations are worth the cost by belief in heaven

% of adults who say that stricter environmental laws and regulations are worth the cost who are…

Belief in HeavenParentsNon-parentsSample size
Believe31%69%12,531
Don't believe24%76%5,856
Other/don't know25%75%1,465
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

BeliefsandPractices

Belief in God among adults who say that stricter environmental laws and regulations are worth the cost by belief in heaven

% of adults who say that stricter environmental laws and regulations are worth the cost who say they…

Belief in HeavenBelieve in God; absolutely certainBelieve in God; fairly certainBelieve in God; not too/not at all certainBelieve in God; don't knowDo not believe in GodOther/don't know if they believe in GodSample size
Believe73%21%3%< 1%1%1%12,582
Don't believe19%19%13%1%44%5%5,872
Other/don't know42%28%11%2%6%12%1,474
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Importance of religion in one's life among adults who say that stricter environmental laws and regulations are worth the cost by belief in heaven

% of adults who say that stricter environmental laws and regulations are worth the cost who say religion is…

Belief in HeavenVery importantSomewhat importantNot too importantNot at all importantDon't knowSample size
Believe62%27%7%3%< 1%12,582
Don't believe14%19%24%42%1%5,872
Other/don't know33%32%21%12%3%1,474
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Attendance at religious services among adults who say that stricter environmental laws and regulations are worth the cost by belief in heaven

% of adults who say that stricter environmental laws and regulations are worth the cost who attend religious services…

Belief in HeavenAt least once a weekOnce or twice a month/a few times a yearSeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
Believe40%38%21%< 1%12,582
Don't believe10%26%64%< 1%5,872
Other/don't know24%32%42%1%1,474
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Frequency of prayer among adults who say that stricter environmental laws and regulations are worth the cost by belief in heaven

% of adults who say that stricter environmental laws and regulations are worth the cost who pray…

Belief in HeavenAt least dailyWeeklyMonthlySeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
Believe64%18%6%11%1%12,582
Don't believe18%9%6%66%1%5,872
Other/don't know40%15%8%33%3%1,474
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Frequency of participation in prayer, scripture study or religious education groups among adults who say that stricter environmental laws and regulations are worth the cost by belief in heaven

% of adults who say that stricter environmental laws and regulations are worth the cost who attend prayer group…

Belief in HeavenAt least once a weekOnce or twice a monthSeveral times a yearSeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
Believe27%11%10%52%< 1%12,582
Don't believe7%4%4%85%< 1%5,872
Other/don't know15%6%7%70%2%1,474
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Frequency of meditation among adults who say that stricter environmental laws and regulations are worth the cost by belief in heaven

% of adults who say that stricter environmental laws and regulations are worth the cost who meditate…

Belief in HeavenAt least once a weekOnce or twice a monthSeveral times a yearSeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
Believe43%9%4%43%1%12,582
Don't believe31%11%6%51%1%5,872
Other/don't know38%10%5%44%2%1,474
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Frequency of feeling spiritual peace and wellbeing among adults who say that stricter environmental laws and regulations are worth the cost by belief in heaven

% of adults who say that stricter environmental laws and regulations are worth the cost who feel a sense of spiritual peace and wellbeing…

Belief in HeavenAt least once a weekOnce or twice a monthSeveral times a yearSeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
Believe63%16%10%11%1%12,582
Don't believe42%17%10%30%2%5,872
Other/don't know52%15%12%19%3%1,474
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Frequency of feeling wonder about the universe among adults who say that stricter environmental laws and regulations are worth the cost by belief in heaven

% of adults who say that stricter environmental laws and regulations are worth the cost who feel a sense of wonder about the universe…

Belief in HeavenAt least once a weekOnce or twice a monthSeveral times a yearSeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
Believe44%17%14%25%1%12,582
Don't believe52%17%14%17%1%5,872
Other/don't know52%16%12%18%2%1,474
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Sources of guidance on right and wrong among adults who say that stricter environmental laws and regulations are worth the cost by belief in heaven

% of adults who say that stricter environmental laws and regulations are worth the cost who say they look to…most for guidance on right and wrong

Belief in HeavenReligionPhilosophy/reasonCommon senseScienceDon't knowSample size
Believe37%10%44%7%2%12,582
Don't believe7%21%49%21%2%5,872
Other/don't know18%18%49%10%5%1,474
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Belief in absolute standards for right and wrong among adults who say that stricter environmental laws and regulations are worth the cost by belief in heaven

% of adults who say that stricter environmental laws and regulations are worth the cost who say…

Belief in HeavenThere are clear standards for what is right and wrongRight or wrong depends on the situationNeither/both equallyDon't knowSample size
Believe31%67%1%1%12,582
Don't believe18%80%1%1%5,872
Other/don't know24%72%2%1%1,474
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Frequency of reading scripture among adults who say that stricter environmental laws and regulations are worth the cost by belief in heaven

% of adults who say that stricter environmental laws and regulations are worth the cost who read scripture…

Belief in HeavenAt least once a weekOnce or twice a monthSeveral times a yearSeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
Believe39%12%9%39%1%12,582
Don't believe9%5%7%78%< 1%5,872
Other/don't know23%8%8%58%2%1,474
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Interpreting scripture among adults who say that stricter environmental laws and regulations are worth the cost by belief in heaven

% of adults who say that stricter environmental laws and regulations are worth the cost who say the holy scripture is…

Belief in HeavenWord of God; should be taken literallyWord of God; not everything taken literallyWord of God; other/don't knowNot the word of GodOther/don't knowSample size
Believe34%35%2%23%6%12,582
Don't believe4%7%< 1%84%4%5,872
Other/don't know11%15%3%51%20%1,474
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Belief in Hell among adults who say that stricter environmental laws and regulations are worth the cost by belief in heaven

% of adults who say that stricter environmental laws and regulations are worth the cost who …in hell

Belief in HeavenBelieveDon't believeOther/don't knowSample size
Believe74%21%5%12,582
Don't believe5%94%1%5,872
Other/don't know15%30%55%1,474
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

SocialandPoliticalViews

Party affiliation among adults who say that stricter environmental laws and regulations are worth the cost by belief in heaven

% of adults who say that stricter environmental laws and regulations are worth the cost who identify as…

Belief in HeavenRepublican/lean Rep.No leanDemocrat/lean Dem.Sample size
Believe31%17%52%12,582
Don't believe15%16%70%5,872
Other/don't know19%25%57%1,474
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Political ideology among adults who say that stricter environmental laws and regulations are worth the cost by belief in heaven

% of adults who say that stricter environmental laws and regulations are worth the cost who are…

Belief in HeavenConservativeModerateLiberalDon't knowSample size
Believe31%39%24%6%12,582
Don't believe12%32%52%4%5,872
Other/don't know20%38%32%10%1,474
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Views about size of government among adults who say that stricter environmental laws and regulations are worth the cost by belief in heaven

% of adults who say that stricter environmental laws and regulations are worth the cost who would rather have…

Belief in HeavenSmaller government; fewer servicesBigger government; more servicesDependsDon't knowSample size
Believe44%50%3%3%12,582
Don't believe39%54%4%3%5,872
Other/don't know38%46%7%9%1,474
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Views about government aid to the poor among adults who say that stricter environmental laws and regulations are worth the cost by belief in heaven

% of adults who say that stricter environmental laws and regulations are worth the cost who say government aid to the poor…

Belief in HeavenDoes more harm than goodDoes more good than harmNeither/both equallyDon't knowSample size
Believe38%57%4%1%12,582
Don't believe24%72%3%1%5,872
Other/don't know29%62%6%4%1,474
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Views about abortion among adults who say that stricter environmental laws and regulations are worth the cost by belief in heaven

% of adults who say that stricter environmental laws and regulations are worth the cost who say abortion should be…

Belief in HeavenLegal in all/most casesIllegal in all/most casesDon't knowSample size
Believe54%42%4%12,582
Don't believe83%15%2%5,872
Other/don't know68%24%8%1,474
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Views about homosexuality among adults who say that stricter environmental laws and regulations are worth the cost by belief in heaven

% of adults who say that stricter environmental laws and regulations are worth the cost who say homosexuality…

Belief in HeavenShould be acceptedShould be discouragedNeither/both equallyDon't knowSample size
Believe64%29%3%3%12,582
Don't believe89%9%2%1%5,872
Other/don't know74%18%5%4%1,474
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Views about same-sex marriage among adults who say that stricter environmental laws and regulations are worth the cost by belief in heaven

% of adults who say that stricter environmental laws and regulations are worth the cost who …same-sex marriage

Belief in HeavenStrongly favor/favorOppose/strongly opposeDon't knowSample size
Believe56%38%7%12,582
Don't believe86%11%3%5,872
Other/don't know70%21%9%1,474
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Views about human evolution among adults who say that stricter environmental laws and regulations are worth the cost by belief in heaven

% of adults who say that stricter environmental laws and regulations are worth the cost who say humans…

Belief in HeavenEvolved; due to natural processesEvolved; due to God's designEvolved; don't know howAlways existed in present formDon't knowSample size
Believe26%32%3%35%3%12,582
Don't believe75%10%3%10%1%5,872
Other/don't know46%17%12%19%7%1,474
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.