Survey yearConservativeModerateLiberalDon't knowSample size
201450%29%15%6%13,155
200750%31%12%8%14,919
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Learn More: Conservative, Moderate, Liberal

Political ideology among adults who attend services weekly or more by religious group

% of adults who attend services weekly or more who are…

Religious traditionConservativeModerateLiberalDon't knowSample size
Catholic45%33%17%4%3,092
Evangelical Protestant62%23%9%5%5,177
Historically Black Protestant39%33%22%7%1,070
Jehovah's Witness20%16%8%56%207
Jewish39%39%19%2%148
Mainline Protestant43%35%18%4%2,192
Mormon65%26%6%3%514
Muslim27%41%25%7%105
Unaffiliated (religious "nones")30%31%28%11%284
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Learn More: Conservative, Moderate, Liberal

DemographicInformation

Age distribution among adults who attend services weekly or more by political ideology

% of adults who attend services weekly or more who are ages…

Political ideology18-2930-4950-6465+Sample size
Conservative13%32%29%26%6,607
Moderate21%30%26%23%3,779
Liberal19%33%27%21%1,809
Don't know19%32%26%23%648
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Generational cohort among adults who attend services weekly or more by political ideology

% of adults who attend services weekly or more who are…

Political ideologyYounger MillennialOlder MillennialGeneration XBaby BoomerSilentGreatestSample size
Conservative8%10%27%35%18%2%6,607
Moderate15%11%25%31%15%2%3,779
Liberal12%13%26%33%14%2%1,809
Don't know12%13%27%31%17%2%648
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Gender composition among adults who attend services weekly or more by political ideology

% of adults who attend services weekly or more who are…

Political ideologyMenWomenSample size
Conservative45%55%6,762
Moderate40%60%3,858
Liberal42%58%1,831
Don't know33%67%704
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Racial and ethnic composition among adults who attend services weekly or more by political ideology

% of adults who attend services weekly or more who identify as…

Political ideologyWhiteBlackAsianLatinoOther/MixedSample size
Conservative72%10%2%13%3%6,661
Moderate58%18%4%16%4%3,812
Liberal44%22%4%26%4%1,805
Don't know44%23%3%22%8%680
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Immigrant status among adults who attend services weekly or more by political ideology

% of adults who attend services weekly or more who are…

Political ideologyImmigrantsSecond generationThird generation or higherSample size
Conservative12%7%80%6,706
Moderate16%10%74%3,822
Liberal26%10%63%1,797
Don't know26%6%68%663
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Income distribution among adults who attend services weekly or more by political ideology

% of adults who attend services weekly or more who have a household income of…

Political ideologyLess than $30,000$30,000-$49,999$50,000-$99,999$100,000 or moreSample size
Conservative30%21%31%17%5,733
Moderate35%20%28%16%3,350
Liberal45%20%21%15%1,617
Don't know55%20%19%6%451
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Educational distribution among adults who attend services weekly or more by political ideology

% of adults who attend services weekly or more who have completed…

Political ideologyHigh school or lessSome collegeCollegePost-graduate degreeSample size
Conservative41%32%18%9%6,734
Moderate38%31%18%14%3,843
Liberal47%25%14%14%1,825
Don't know58%29%9%4%672
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Marital status among adults who attend services weekly or more by political ideology

% of adults who attend services weekly or more who are…

Political ideologyMarriedLiving with a partnerDivorced/separatedWidowedNever marriedSample size
Conservative64%2%10%8%15%6,739
Moderate53%4%11%9%23%3,848
Liberal49%5%15%7%24%1,821
Don't know49%4%13%11%23%686
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Parent of children under 18 among adults who attend services weekly or more by political ideology

% of adults who attend services weekly or more who are…

Political ideologyParentsNon-parentsSample size
Conservative31%69%6,735
Moderate30%70%3,845
Liberal31%69%1,825
Don't know29%71%692
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

BeliefsandPractices

Belief in God among adults who attend services weekly or more by political ideology

% of adults who attend services weekly or more who say they…

Political ideologyBelieve in God; absolutely certainBelieve in God; fairly certainBelieve in God; not too/not at all certainBelieve in God; don't knowDo not believe in GodOther/don't know if they believe in GodSample size
Conservative92%7%< 1%1%< 1%< 1%6,762
Moderate84%14%1%< 1%< 1%< 1%3,858
Liberal73%19%3%1%2%1%1,831
Don't know87%8%1%2%< 1%1%704
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Importance of religion in one's life among adults who attend services weekly or more by political ideology

% of adults who attend services weekly or more who say religion is…

Political ideologyVery importantSomewhat importantNot too importantNot at all importantDon't knowSample size
Conservative93%6%< 1%< 1%< 1%6,762
Moderate85%13%1%1%1%3,858
Liberal83%14%2%1%1%1,831
Don't know88%7%2%1%2%704
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Frequency of prayer among adults who attend services weekly or more by political ideology

% of adults who attend services weekly or more who pray…

Political ideologyAt least dailyWeeklyMonthlySeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
Conservative89%9%< 1%1%< 1%6,762
Moderate79%15%2%3%1%3,858
Liberal76%16%3%6%1%1,831
Don't know86%8%1%3%2%704
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Frequency of participation in prayer, scripture study or religious education groups among adults who attend services weekly or more by political ideology

% of adults who attend services weekly or more who attend prayer group…

Political ideologyAt least once a weekOnce or twice a monthSeveral times a yearSeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
Conservative63%12%8%16%1%6,762
Moderate51%14%10%24%1%3,858
Liberal50%16%8%26%< 1%1,831
Don't know64%10%4%20%2%704
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Frequency of meditation among adults who attend services weekly or more by political ideology

% of adults who attend services weekly or more who meditate…

Political ideologyAt least once a weekOnce or twice a monthSeveral times a yearSeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
Conservative59%6%2%30%2%6,762
Moderate54%9%4%32%2%3,858
Liberal59%8%4%26%2%1,831
Don't know60%6%1%27%5%704
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Frequency of feeling spiritual peace and wellbeing among adults who attend services weekly or more by political ideology

% of adults who attend services weekly or more who feel a sense of spiritual peace and wellbeing…

Political ideologyAt least once a weekOnce or twice a monthSeveral times a yearSeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
Conservative84%9%3%3%1%6,762
Moderate76%12%5%6%1%3,858
Liberal74%11%6%7%1%1,831
Don't know78%8%3%6%4%704
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Frequency of feeling wonder about the universe among adults who attend services weekly or more by political ideology

% of adults who attend services weekly or more who feel a sense of wonder about the universe…

Political ideologyAt least once a weekOnce or twice a monthSeveral times a yearSeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
Conservative51%16%10%21%2%6,762
Moderate47%18%12%22%1%3,858
Liberal54%15%10%20%1%1,831
Don't know51%10%6%27%6%704
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Sources of guidance on right and wrong among adults who attend services weekly or more by political ideology

% of adults who attend services weekly or more who say they look to…most for guidance on right and wrong

Political ideologyReligionPhilosophy/reasonCommon senseScienceDon't knowSample size
Conservative71%3%21%3%2%6,762
Moderate53%7%33%5%2%3,858
Liberal43%11%36%7%3%1,831
Don't know61%3%26%3%6%704
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Belief in absolute standards for right and wrong among adults who attend services weekly or more by political ideology

% of adults who attend services weekly or more who say…

Political ideologyThere are clear standards for what is right and wrongRight or wrong depends on the situationNeither/both equallyDon't knowSample size
Conservative58%39%1%1%6,762
Moderate36%63%1%1%3,858
Liberal24%73%1%2%1,831
Don't know43%50%4%3%704
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Frequency of reading scripture among adults who attend services weekly or more by political ideology

% of adults who attend services weekly or more who read scripture…

Political ideologyAt least once a weekOnce or twice a monthSeveral times a yearSeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
Conservative76%9%4%10%1%6,762
Moderate63%11%7%19%1%3,858
Liberal58%12%8%21%1%1,831
Don't know74%8%2%14%2%704
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Interpreting scripture among adults who attend services weekly or more by political ideology

% of adults who attend services weekly or more who say the holy scripture is…

Political ideologyWord of God; should be taken literallyWord of God; not everything taken literallyWord of God; other/don't knowNot the word of GodOther/don't knowSample size
Conservative60%29%4%4%3%6,762
Moderate41%38%3%11%6%3,858
Liberal43%28%2%19%8%1,831
Don't know54%22%11%7%6%704
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Belief in Heaven among adults who attend services weekly or more by political ideology

% of adults who attend services weekly or more who …in heaven

Political ideologyBelieveDon't believeOther/don't knowSample size
Conservative88%5%7%6,762
Moderate89%6%5%3,858
Liberal84%11%5%1,831
Don't know78%10%12%704
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Belief in Hell among adults who attend services weekly or more by political ideology

% of adults who attend services weekly or more who …in hell

Political ideologyBelieveDon't believeOther/don't knowSample size
Conservative82%11%7%6,762
Moderate73%19%8%3,858
Liberal64%29%7%1,831
Don't know58%30%12%704
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

SocialandPoliticalViews

Party affiliation among adults who attend services weekly or more by political ideology

% of adults who attend services weekly or more who identify as…

Political ideologyRepublican/lean Rep.No leanDemocrat/lean Dem.Sample size
Conservative68%11%21%6,762
Moderate32%18%50%3,858
Liberal15%17%68%1,831
Don't know12%64%24%704
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Views about size of government among adults who attend services weekly or more by political ideology

% of adults who attend services weekly or more who would rather have…

Political ideologySmaller government; fewer servicesBigger government; more servicesDependsDon't knowSample size
Conservative71%25%2%2%6,762
Moderate48%44%3%4%3,858
Liberal25%68%4%4%1,831
Don't know30%50%6%14%704
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Views about government aid to the poor among adults who attend services weekly or more by political ideology

% of adults who attend services weekly or more who say government aid to the poor…

Political ideologyDoes more harm than goodDoes more good than harmNeither/both equallyDon't knowSample size
Conservative64%31%4%2%6,762
Moderate39%55%4%2%3,858
Liberal26%69%3%2%1,831
Don't know31%51%9%8%704
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Views about abortion among adults who attend services weekly or more by political ideology

% of adults who attend services weekly or more who say abortion should be…

Political ideologyLegal in all/most casesIllegal in all/most casesDon't knowSample size
Conservative21%76%3%6,762
Moderate43%52%4%3,858
Liberal55%40%5%1,831
Don't know25%64%11%704
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Views about homosexuality among adults who attend services weekly or more by political ideology

% of adults who attend services weekly or more who say homosexuality…

Political ideologyShould be acceptedShould be discouragedNeither/both equallyDon't knowSample size
Conservative27%65%4%3%6,762
Moderate54%36%5%4%3,858
Liberal63%31%4%2%1,831
Don't know30%50%8%12%704
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Views about same-sex marriage among adults who attend services weekly or more by political ideology

% of adults who attend services weekly or more who …same-sex marriage

Political ideologyStrongly favor/favorOppose/strongly opposeDon't knowSample size
Conservative17%77%6%6,762
Moderate43%49%8%3,858
Liberal56%37%7%1,831
Don't know23%59%17%704
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Views about environmental regulation among adults who attend services weekly or more by political ideology

% of adults who attend services weekly or more who say…

Political ideologyStricter environmental laws and regulations cost too many jobs and hurt the economyStricter environmental laws and regulations are worth the costNeither/both equallyDon't knowSample size
Conservative56%37%3%3%6,762
Moderate32%62%3%3%3,858
Liberal27%68%2%4%1,831
Don't know34%48%6%11%704
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Views about human evolution among adults who attend services weekly or more by political ideology

% of adults who attend services weekly or more who say humans…

Political ideologyEvolved; due to natural processesEvolved; due to God's designEvolved; don't know howAlways existed in present formDon't knowSample size
Conservative8%22%2%62%6%6,762
Moderate16%33%4%43%5%3,858
Liberal25%32%4%36%4%1,831
Don't know10%21%2%54%12%704
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.