DemographicInformation

Age distribution among Mainline Protestants adults who feel a deep sense of spiritual peace and wellbeing once or twice a month who feel a sense of wonder about the universe at least once a week

% of Mainline Protestants adults who feel a deep sense of spiritual peace and wellbeing once or twice a month who feel a sense of wonder about the universe at least once a week who are ages…

Survey year18-2930-4950-6465+Sample size
201433%27%22%19%367
200714%33%33%20%376
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Generational cohort among Mainline Protestants adults who feel a deep sense of spiritual peace and wellbeing once or twice a month who feel a sense of wonder about the universe at least once a week

% of Mainline Protestants adults who feel a deep sense of spiritual peace and wellbeing once or twice a month who feel a sense of wonder about the universe at least once a week who are…

Survey yearYounger MillennialOlder MillennialGeneration XBaby BoomerSilentGreatestSample size
201420%17%21%30%11%< 1%367
2007< 1%11%24%41%20%5%376
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Gender composition among Mainline Protestants adults who feel a deep sense of spiritual peace and wellbeing once or twice a month who feel a sense of wonder about the universe at least once a week

% of Mainline Protestants adults who feel a deep sense of spiritual peace and wellbeing once or twice a month who feel a sense of wonder about the universe at least once a week who are…

Survey yearMenWomenSample size
201447%53%370
200748%52%384
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Racial and ethnic composition among Mainline Protestants adults who feel a deep sense of spiritual peace and wellbeing once or twice a month who feel a sense of wonder about the universe at least once a week

% of Mainline Protestants adults who feel a deep sense of spiritual peace and wellbeing once or twice a month who feel a sense of wonder about the universe at least once a week who identify as…

Survey yearWhiteBlackAsianLatinoOther/MixedSample size
201488%3%1%7%2%364
200790%1%1%5%3%382
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Immigrant status among Mainline Protestants adults who feel a deep sense of spiritual peace and wellbeing once or twice a month who feel a sense of wonder about the universe at least once a week

% of Mainline Protestants adults who feel a deep sense of spiritual peace and wellbeing once or twice a month who feel a sense of wonder about the universe at least once a week who are…

Survey yearImmigrantsSecond generationThird generation or higherSample size
20146%6%88%365
20075%5%90%383
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Income distribution among Mainline Protestants adults who feel a deep sense of spiritual peace and wellbeing once or twice a month who feel a sense of wonder about the universe at least once a week

% of Mainline Protestants adults who feel a deep sense of spiritual peace and wellbeing once or twice a month who feel a sense of wonder about the universe at least once a week who have a household income of…

Survey yearLess than $30,000$30,000-$49,999$50,000-$99,999$100,000 or moreSample size
201426%22%26%25%336
200722%24%33%21%330
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Educational distribution among Mainline Protestants adults who feel a deep sense of spiritual peace and wellbeing once or twice a month who feel a sense of wonder about the universe at least once a week

% of Mainline Protestants adults who feel a deep sense of spiritual peace and wellbeing once or twice a month who feel a sense of wonder about the universe at least once a week who have completed…

Survey yearHigh school or lessSome collegeCollegePost-graduate degreeSample size
201431%32%20%16%369
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Marital status among Mainline Protestants adults who feel a deep sense of spiritual peace and wellbeing once or twice a month who feel a sense of wonder about the universe at least once a week

% of Mainline Protestants adults who feel a deep sense of spiritual peace and wellbeing once or twice a month who feel a sense of wonder about the universe at least once a week who are…

Survey yearMarriedLiving with a partnerDivorced/separatedWidowedNever marriedSample size
201449%6%10%5%30%368
200753%8%14%10%16%383
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Parent of children under 18 among Mainline Protestants adults who feel a deep sense of spiritual peace and wellbeing once or twice a month who feel a sense of wonder about the universe at least once a week

% of Mainline Protestants adults who feel a deep sense of spiritual peace and wellbeing once or twice a month who feel a sense of wonder about the universe at least once a week who are…

Survey yearParentsNon-parentsSample size
201431%69%369
200726%74%384
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

BeliefsandPractices

Belief in God among Mainline Protestants adults who feel a deep sense of spiritual peace and wellbeing once or twice a month who feel a sense of wonder about the universe at least once a week

% of Mainline Protestants adults who feel a deep sense of spiritual peace and wellbeing once or twice a month who feel a sense of wonder about the universe at least once a week who say they…

Survey yearBelieve in God; absolutely certainBelieve in God; fairly certainBelieve in God; not too/not at all certainBelieve in God; don't knowDo not believe in GodOther/don't know if they believe in GodSample size
201461%33%4%< 1%< 1%1%370
200768%25%4%1%1%1%384
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Importance of religion in one's life among Mainline Protestants adults who feel a deep sense of spiritual peace and wellbeing once or twice a month who feel a sense of wonder about the universe at least once a week

% of Mainline Protestants adults who feel a deep sense of spiritual peace and wellbeing once or twice a month who feel a sense of wonder about the universe at least once a week who say religion is…

Survey yearVery importantSomewhat importantNot too importantNot at all importantDon't knowSample size
201447%44%8%1%< 1%370
200751%40%7%2%< 1%384
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Attendance at religious services among Mainline Protestants adults who feel a deep sense of spiritual peace and wellbeing once or twice a month who feel a sense of wonder about the universe at least once a week

% of Mainline Protestants adults who feel a deep sense of spiritual peace and wellbeing once or twice a month who feel a sense of wonder about the universe at least once a week who attend religious services…

Survey yearAt least once a weekOnce or twice a month/a few times a yearSeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
201424%49%27%< 1%370
200732%47%21%1%384
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Frequency of prayer among Mainline Protestants adults who feel a deep sense of spiritual peace and wellbeing once or twice a month who feel a sense of wonder about the universe at least once a week

% of Mainline Protestants adults who feel a deep sense of spiritual peace and wellbeing once or twice a month who feel a sense of wonder about the universe at least once a week who pray…

Survey yearAt least dailyWeeklyMonthlySeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
201449%29%8%12%1%370
200752%26%9%11%1%384
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Frequency of participation in prayer, scripture study or religious education groups among Mainline Protestants adults who feel a deep sense of spiritual peace and wellbeing once or twice a month who feel a sense of wonder about the universe at least once a week

% of Mainline Protestants adults who feel a deep sense of spiritual peace and wellbeing once or twice a month who feel a sense of wonder about the universe at least once a week who attend prayer group…

Survey yearAt least once a weekOnce or twice a monthSeveral times a yearSeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
20149%12%14%65%< 1%370
200713%11%12%64%< 1%384
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Frequency of meditation among Mainline Protestants adults who feel a deep sense of spiritual peace and wellbeing once or twice a month who feel a sense of wonder about the universe at least once a week

% of Mainline Protestants adults who feel a deep sense of spiritual peace and wellbeing once or twice a month who feel a sense of wonder about the universe at least once a week who meditate…

Survey yearAt least once a weekOnce or twice a monthSeveral times a yearSeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
201438%11%6%45%< 1%370
200740%12%6%42%1%384
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Sources of guidance on right and wrong among Mainline Protestants adults who feel a deep sense of spiritual peace and wellbeing once or twice a month who feel a sense of wonder about the universe at least once a week

% of Mainline Protestants adults who feel a deep sense of spiritual peace and wellbeing once or twice a month who feel a sense of wonder about the universe at least once a week who say they look to…most for guidance on right and wrong

Survey yearReligionPhilosophy/reasonCommon senseScienceDon't knowSample size
201424%19%47%9%2%370
200719%16%57%3%4%384
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Belief in absolute standards for right and wrong among Mainline Protestants adults who feel a deep sense of spiritual peace and wellbeing once or twice a month who feel a sense of wonder about the universe at least once a week

% of Mainline Protestants adults who feel a deep sense of spiritual peace and wellbeing once or twice a month who feel a sense of wonder about the universe at least once a week who say…

Survey yearThere are clear standards for what is right and wrongRight or wrong depends on the situationNeither/both equallyDon't knowSample size
201426%72%2%< 1%370
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Frequency of reading scripture among Mainline Protestants adults who feel a deep sense of spiritual peace and wellbeing once or twice a month who feel a sense of wonder about the universe at least once a week

% of Mainline Protestants adults who feel a deep sense of spiritual peace and wellbeing once or twice a month who feel a sense of wonder about the universe at least once a week who read scripture…

Survey yearAt least once a weekOnce or twice a monthSeveral times a yearSeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
201425%18%15%43%< 1%370
200723%20%15%42%< 1%384
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Interpreting scripture among Mainline Protestants adults who feel a deep sense of spiritual peace and wellbeing once or twice a month who feel a sense of wonder about the universe at least once a week

% of Mainline Protestants adults who feel a deep sense of spiritual peace and wellbeing once or twice a month who feel a sense of wonder about the universe at least once a week who say the holy scripture is…

Survey yearWord of God; should be taken literallyWord of God; not everything taken literallyWord of God; other/don't knowNot the word of GodOther/don't knowSample size
201416%44%2%31%7%370
200718%33%3%31%15%384
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Belief in Heaven among Mainline Protestants adults who feel a deep sense of spiritual peace and wellbeing once or twice a month who feel a sense of wonder about the universe at least once a week

% of Mainline Protestants adults who feel a deep sense of spiritual peace and wellbeing once or twice a month who feel a sense of wonder about the universe at least once a week who …in heaven

Survey yearBelieveDon't believeOther/don't knowSample size
201481%11%9%370
200773%13%14%384
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Belief in Hell among Mainline Protestants adults who feel a deep sense of spiritual peace and wellbeing once or twice a month who feel a sense of wonder about the universe at least once a week

% of Mainline Protestants adults who feel a deep sense of spiritual peace and wellbeing once or twice a month who feel a sense of wonder about the universe at least once a week who …in hell

Survey yearBelieveDon't believeOther/don't knowSample size
201460%28%12%370
200748%35%17%384
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

SocialandPoliticalViews

Party affiliation among Mainline Protestants adults who feel a deep sense of spiritual peace and wellbeing once or twice a month who feel a sense of wonder about the universe at least once a week

% of Mainline Protestants adults who feel a deep sense of spiritual peace and wellbeing once or twice a month who feel a sense of wonder about the universe at least once a week who identify as…

Survey yearRepublican/lean Rep.No leanDemocrat/lean Dem.Sample size
201449%14%37%370
200735%11%54%384
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Political ideology among Mainline Protestants adults who feel a deep sense of spiritual peace and wellbeing once or twice a month who feel a sense of wonder about the universe at least once a week

% of Mainline Protestants adults who feel a deep sense of spiritual peace and wellbeing once or twice a month who feel a sense of wonder about the universe at least once a week who are…

Survey yearConservativeModerateLiberalDon't knowSample size
201437%34%25%4%370
200730%41%27%3%384
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Views about size of government among Mainline Protestants adults who feel a deep sense of spiritual peace and wellbeing once or twice a month who feel a sense of wonder about the universe at least once a week

% of Mainline Protestants adults who feel a deep sense of spiritual peace and wellbeing once or twice a month who feel a sense of wonder about the universe at least once a week who would rather have…

Survey yearSmaller government; fewer servicesBigger government; more servicesDependsDon't knowSample size
201455%39%3%2%370
200749%37%7%8%384
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Views about government aid to the poor among Mainline Protestants adults who feel a deep sense of spiritual peace and wellbeing once or twice a month who feel a sense of wonder about the universe at least once a week

% of Mainline Protestants adults who feel a deep sense of spiritual peace and wellbeing once or twice a month who feel a sense of wonder about the universe at least once a week who say government aid to the poor…

Survey yearDoes more harm than goodDoes more good than harmNeither/both equallyDon't knowSample size
201450%44%4%1%370
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Views about abortion among Mainline Protestants adults who feel a deep sense of spiritual peace and wellbeing once or twice a month who feel a sense of wonder about the universe at least once a week

% of Mainline Protestants adults who feel a deep sense of spiritual peace and wellbeing once or twice a month who feel a sense of wonder about the universe at least once a week who say abortion should be…

Survey yearLegal in all/most casesIllegal in all/most casesDon't knowSample size
201460%37%2%370
200767%27%6%384
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Views about homosexuality among Mainline Protestants adults who feel a deep sense of spiritual peace and wellbeing once or twice a month who feel a sense of wonder about the universe at least once a week

% of Mainline Protestants adults who feel a deep sense of spiritual peace and wellbeing once or twice a month who feel a sense of wonder about the universe at least once a week who say homosexuality…

Survey yearShould be acceptedShould be discouragedNeither/both equallyDon't knowSample size
201475%19%3%3%370
200765%28%5%3%384
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Views about same-sex marriage among Mainline Protestants adults who feel a deep sense of spiritual peace and wellbeing once or twice a month who feel a sense of wonder about the universe at least once a week

% of Mainline Protestants adults who feel a deep sense of spiritual peace and wellbeing once or twice a month who feel a sense of wonder about the universe at least once a week who …same-sex marriage

Survey yearStrongly favor/favorOppose/strongly opposeDon't knowSample size
201468%25%7%370
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Views about environmental regulation among Mainline Protestants adults who feel a deep sense of spiritual peace and wellbeing once or twice a month who feel a sense of wonder about the universe at least once a week

% of Mainline Protestants adults who feel a deep sense of spiritual peace and wellbeing once or twice a month who feel a sense of wonder about the universe at least once a week who say…

Survey yearStricter environmental laws and regulations cost too many jobs and hurt the economyStricter environmental laws and regulations are worth the costNeither/both equallyDon't knowSample size
201433%64%1%2%370
200724%69%4%3%384
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Views about human evolution among Mainline Protestants adults who feel a deep sense of spiritual peace and wellbeing once or twice a month who feel a sense of wonder about the universe at least once a week

% of Mainline Protestants adults who feel a deep sense of spiritual peace and wellbeing once or twice a month who feel a sense of wonder about the universe at least once a week who say humans…

Survey yearEvolved; due to natural processesEvolved; due to God's designEvolved; don't know howAlways existed in present formDon't knowSample size
201426%40%8%22%3%370
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.