Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Belief in Hell among adults who attend prayer groups once or twice a month by religious group
% of adults who attend prayer groups once or twice a month who …in hell
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Religious tradition
Believe
Don't believe
Other/don't know
Sample size
Catholic
74%
19%
6%
593
Evangelical Protestant
86%
9%
5%
1,044
Historically Black Protestant
86%
10%
4%
265
Mainline Protestant
65%
26%
9%
551
Unaffiliated (religious "nones")
62%
31%
7%
189
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Age distribution among adults who attend prayer groups once or twice a month by belief in hell
% of adults who attend prayer groups once or twice a month who are ages…
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Belief in Hell
18-29
30-49
50-64
65+
Sample size
Believe
26%
38%
23%
14%
2,071
Don't believe
26%
38%
23%
14%
609
Other/don't know
21%
28%
27%
23%
201
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Generational cohort among adults who attend prayer groups once or twice a month by belief in hell
% of adults who attend prayer groups once or twice a month who are…
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Belief in Hell
Younger Millennial
Older Millennial
Generation X
Baby Boomer
Silent
Greatest
Sample size
Believe
17%
15%
31%
27%
9%
1%
2,071
Don't believe
17%
16%
31%
27%
8%
1%
609
Other/don't know
11%
14%
24%
32%
16%
3%
201
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Gender composition among adults who attend prayer groups once or twice a month by belief in hell
% of adults who attend prayer groups once or twice a month who are…
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Belief in Hell
Men
Women
Sample size
Believe
47%
53%
2,101
Don't believe
38%
62%
629
Other/don't know
42%
58%
215
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Racial and ethnic composition among adults who attend prayer groups once or twice a month by belief in hell
% of adults who attend prayer groups once or twice a month who identify as…
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Belief in Hell
White
Black
Asian
Latino
Other/Mixed
Sample size
Believe
55%
19%
3%
20%
3%
2,076
Don't believe
56%
13%
6%
20%
5%
617
Other/don't know
63%
8%
5%
19%
5%
203
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Immigrant status among adults who attend prayer groups once or twice a month by belief in hell
% of adults who attend prayer groups once or twice a month who are…
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Belief in Hell
Immigrants
Second generation
Third generation or higher
Sample size
Believe
18%
9%
74%
2,074
Don't believe
21%
13%
66%
615
Other/don't know
19%
11%
69%
208
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Income distribution among adults who attend prayer groups once or twice a month by belief in hell
% of adults who attend prayer groups once or twice a month who have a household income of…
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Belief in Hell
Less than $30,000
$30,000-$49,999
$50,000-$99,999
$100,000 or more
Sample size
Believe
41%
19%
25%
14%
1,858
Don't believe
34%
20%
27%
19%
556
Other/don't know
34%
9%
37%
21%
173
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Educational distribution among adults who attend prayer groups once or twice a month by belief in hell
% of adults who attend prayer groups once or twice a month who have completed…
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Belief in Hell
High school or less
Some college
College
Post-graduate degree
Sample size
Believe
47%
33%
13%
8%
2,093
Don't believe
35%
31%
18%
16%
625
Other/don't know
41%
25%
17%
17%
212
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Marital status among adults who attend prayer groups once or twice a month by belief in hell
% of adults who attend prayer groups once or twice a month who are…
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Belief in Hell
Married
Living with a partner
Divorced/separated
Widowed
Never married
Sample size
Believe
49%
6%
13%
5%
28%
2,098
Don't believe
46%
10%
15%
6%
23%
628
Other/don't know
55%
5%
13%
7%
21%
211
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Parent of children under 18 among adults who attend prayer groups once or twice a month by belief in hell
% of adults who attend prayer groups once or twice a month who are…
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Belief in Hell
Parents
Non-parents
Sample size
Believe
37%
63%
2,095
Don't believe
35%
65%
626
Other/don't know
33%
67%
214
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Belief in God among adults who attend prayer groups once or twice a month by belief in hell
% of adults who attend prayer groups once or twice a month who say they…
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Belief in Hell
Believe in God; absolutely certain
Believe in God; fairly certain
Believe in God; not too/not at all certain
Believe in God; don't know
Do not believe in God
Other/don't know if they believe in God
Sample size
Believe
83%
14%
2%
< 1%
< 1%
< 1%
2,101
Don't believe
61%
28%
4%
1%
5%
1%
629
Other/don't know
75%
17%
5%
1%
1%
1%
215
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Importance of religion in one's life among adults who attend prayer groups once or twice a month by belief in hell
% of adults who attend prayer groups once or twice a month who say religion is…
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Belief in Hell
Very important
Somewhat important
Not too important
Not at all important
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
80%
18%
1%
< 1%
< 1%
2,101
Don't believe
57%
33%
7%
2%
1%
629
Other/don't know
76%
17%
2%
1%
3%
215
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Attendance at religious services among adults who attend prayer groups once or twice a month by belief in hell
% of adults who attend prayer groups once or twice a month who attend religious services…
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Belief in Hell
At least once a week
Once or twice a month/a few times a year
Seldom/never
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
54%
41%
4%
< 1%
2,101
Don't believe
40%
48%
12%
< 1%
629
Other/don't know
53%
39%
6%
2%
215
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Frequency of prayer among adults who attend prayer groups once or twice a month by belief in hell
% of adults who attend prayer groups once or twice a month who pray…
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Belief in Hell
At least daily
Weekly
Monthly
Seldom/never
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
77%
17%
3%
2%
1%
2,101
Don't believe
65%
19%
6%
10%
< 1%
629
Other/don't know
68%
21%
4%
5%
2%
215
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Frequency of meditation among adults who attend prayer groups once or twice a month by belief in hell
% of adults who attend prayer groups once or twice a month who meditate…
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Belief in Hell
At least once a week
Once or twice a month
Several times a year
Seldom/never
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
47%
13%
4%
36%
1%
2,101
Don't believe
47%
17%
4%
31%
2%
629
Other/don't know
45%
14%
6%
31%
4%
215
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Frequency of feeling spiritual peace and wellbeing among adults who attend prayer groups once or twice a month by belief in hell
% of adults who attend prayer groups once or twice a month who feel a sense of spiritual peace and wellbeing…
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Belief in Hell
At least once a week
Once or twice a month
Several times a year
Seldom/never
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
71%
18%
7%
4%
< 1%
2,101
Don't believe
64%
20%
8%
6%
1%
629
Other/don't know
69%
17%
7%
6%
2%
215
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Frequency of feeling wonder about the universe among adults who attend prayer groups once or twice a month by belief in hell
% of adults who attend prayer groups once or twice a month who feel a sense of wonder about the universe…
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Belief in Hell
At least once a week
Once or twice a month
Several times a year
Seldom/never
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
44%
22%
12%
20%
1%
2,101
Don't believe
54%
19%
11%
15%
1%
629
Other/don't know
48%
14%
12%
22%
4%
215
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Sources of guidance on right and wrong among adults who attend prayer groups once or twice a month by belief in hell
% of adults who attend prayer groups once or twice a month who say they look to…most for guidance on right and wrong
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Belief in Hell
Religion
Philosophy/reason
Common sense
Science
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
52%
7%
33%
6%
2%
2,101
Don't believe
27%
17%
45%
9%
2%
629
Other/don't know
37%
13%
35%
6%
8%
215
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Belief in absolute standards for right and wrong among adults who attend prayer groups once or twice a month by belief in hell
% of adults who attend prayer groups once or twice a month who say…
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Belief in Hell
There are clear standards for what is right and wrong
Right or wrong depends on the situation
Neither/both equally
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
41%
57%
1%
1%
2,101
Don't believe
28%
70%
1%
1%
629
Other/don't know
34%
61%
2%
2%
215
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Frequency of reading scripture among adults who attend prayer groups once or twice a month by belief in hell
% of adults who attend prayer groups once or twice a month who read scripture…
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Table
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Belief in Hell
At least once a week
Once or twice a month
Several times a year
Seldom/never
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
57%
24%
8%
11%
1%
2,101
Don't believe
38%
28%
9%
25%
1%
629
Other/don't know
50%
27%
7%
16%
< 1%
215
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Interpreting scripture among adults who attend prayer groups once or twice a month by belief in hell
% of adults who attend prayer groups once or twice a month who say the holy scripture is…
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Belief in Hell
Word of God; should be taken literally
Word of God; not everything taken literally
Word of God; other/don't know
Not the word of God
Other/don't know
Sample size
Believe
51%
34%
3%
8%
4%
2,101
Don't believe
23%
31%
1%
35%
10%
629
Other/don't know
33%
28%
6%
16%
17%
215
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Belief in Heaven among adults who attend prayer groups once or twice a month by belief in hell
% of adults who attend prayer groups once or twice a month who …in heaven
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Belief in Hell
Believe
Don't believe
Other/don't know
Sample size
Believe
96%
2%
3%
2,101
Don't believe
60%
34%
6%
629
Other/don't know
59%
5%
36%
215
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Party affiliation among adults who attend prayer groups once or twice a month by belief in hell
% of adults who attend prayer groups once or twice a month who identify as…
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Belief in Hell
Republican/lean Rep.
No lean
Democrat/lean Dem.
Sample size
Believe
45%
14%
41%
2,101
Don't believe
28%
19%
53%
629
Other/don't know
35%
26%
39%
215
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Political ideology among adults who attend prayer groups once or twice a month by belief in hell
% of adults who attend prayer groups once or twice a month who are…
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Belief in Hell
Conservative
Moderate
Liberal
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
46%
32%
17%
5%
2,101
Don't believe
24%
36%
34%
6%
629
Other/don't know
38%
30%
22%
9%
215
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Views about size of government among adults who attend prayer groups once or twice a month by belief in hell
% of adults who attend prayer groups once or twice a month who would rather have…
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Belief in Hell
Smaller government; fewer services
Bigger government; more services
Depends
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
52%
44%
2%
2%
2,101
Don't believe
43%
51%
4%
3%
629
Other/don't know
49%
37%
6%
9%
215
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Views about government aid to the poor among adults who attend prayer groups once or twice a month by belief in hell
% of adults who attend prayer groups once or twice a month who say government aid to the poor…
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Belief in Hell
Does more harm than good
Does more good than harm
Neither/both equally
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
49%
46%
4%
1%
2,101
Don't believe
38%
58%
3%
1%
629
Other/don't know
42%
42%
10%
6%
215
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Views about abortion among adults who attend prayer groups once or twice a month by belief in hell
% of adults who attend prayer groups once or twice a month who say abortion should be…
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Belief in Hell
Legal in all/most cases
Illegal in all/most cases
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
38%
59%
3%
2,101
Don't believe
61%
37%
3%
629
Other/don't know
38%
55%
7%
215
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Views about homosexuality among adults who attend prayer groups once or twice a month by belief in hell
% of adults who attend prayer groups once or twice a month who say homosexuality…
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Belief in Hell
Should be accepted
Should be discouraged
Neither/both equally
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
50%
43%
4%
3%
2,101
Don't believe
76%
19%
3%
2%
629
Other/don't know
47%
36%
10%
8%
215
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Views about same-sex marriage among adults who attend prayer groups once or twice a month by belief in hell
% of adults who attend prayer groups once or twice a month who …same-sex marriage
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Belief in Hell
Strongly favor/favor
Oppose/strongly oppose
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
38%
54%
7%
2,101
Don't believe
67%
25%
7%
629
Other/don't know
43%
42%
15%
215
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Views about environmental regulation among adults who attend prayer groups once or twice a month by belief in hell
% of adults who attend prayer groups once or twice a month who say…
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Belief in Hell
Stricter environmental laws and regulations cost too many jobs and hurt the economy
Stricter environmental laws and regulations are worth the cost
Neither/both equally
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
44%
52%
2%
2%
2,101
Don't believe
28%
64%
3%
5%
629
Other/don't know
39%
53%
2%
7%
215
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Views about human evolution among adults who attend prayer groups once or twice a month by belief in hell
% of adults who attend prayer groups once or twice a month who say humans…
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Belief in Hell
Evolved; due to natural processes
Evolved; due to God's design
Evolved; don't know how
Always existed in present form
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
16%
30%
2%
48%
4%
2,101
Don't believe
34%
29%
6%
28%
4%
629
Other/don't know
19%
25%
8%
37%
11%
215
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.