Gender composition among adults who believe in Hell by religious group

% of adults who believe in Hell who are…

Religious traditionMenWomenSample size
Catholic48%52%4,475
Evangelical Protestant46%54%6,978
Historically Black Protestant42%58%1,557
Jewish53%47%144
Mainline Protestant46%54%3,327
Mormon45%55%381
Muslim65%35%173
Orthodox Christian54%46%101
Unaffiliated (religious "nones")53%47%1,699
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Learn More: Men, Women

DemographicInformation

Age distribution among adults who believe in Hell by gender

% of adults who believe in Hell who are ages…

Gender composition18-2930-4950-6465+Sample size
Men22%35%27%15%9,181
Women20%34%27%19%9,633
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Generational cohort among adults who believe in Hell by gender

% of adults who believe in Hell who are…

Gender compositionYounger MillennialOlder MillennialGeneration XBaby BoomerSilentGreatestSample size
Men14%14%29%32%10%1%9,181
Women13%14%28%31%13%1%9,633
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Racial and ethnic composition among adults who believe in Hell by gender

% of adults who believe in Hell who identify as…

Gender compositionWhiteBlackAsianLatinoOther/MixedSample size
Men64%14%3%16%3%9,182
Women63%15%3%15%4%9,759
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Immigrant status among adults who believe in Hell by gender

% of adults who believe in Hell who are…

Gender compositionImmigrantsSecond generationThird generation or higherSample size
Men15%9%77%9,205
Women14%9%77%9,688
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Income distribution among adults who believe in Hell by gender

% of adults who believe in Hell who have a household income of…

Gender compositionLess than $30,000$30,000-$49,999$50,000-$99,999$100,000 or moreSample size
Men33%21%28%18%8,298
Women43%21%24%12%8,352
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Educational distribution among adults who believe in Hell by gender

% of adults who believe in Hell who have completed…

Gender compositionHigh school or lessSome collegeCollegePost-graduate degreeSample size
Men48%31%14%8%9,264
Women44%35%14%7%9,798
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Marital status among adults who believe in Hell by gender

% of adults who believe in Hell who are…

Gender compositionMarriedLiving with a partnerDivorced/separatedWidowedNever marriedSample size
Men51%6%12%4%27%9,286
Women48%6%15%10%21%9,807
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Parent of children under 18 among adults who believe in Hell by gender

% of adults who believe in Hell who are…

Gender compositionParentsNon-parentsSample size
Men28%72%9,275
Women34%66%9,819
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

BeliefsandPractices

Belief in God among adults who believe in Hell by gender

% of adults who believe in Hell who say they…

Gender compositionBelieve in God; absolutely certainBelieve in God; fairly certainBelieve in God; not too/not at all certainBelieve in God; don't knowDo not believe in GodOther/don't know if they believe in GodSample size
Men75%19%4%1%1%1%9,318
Women82%14%2%1%1%< 1%9,849
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Importance of religion in one's life among adults who believe in Hell by gender

% of adults who believe in Hell who say religion is…

Gender compositionVery importantSomewhat importantNot too importantNot at all importantDon't knowSample size
Men63%27%7%3%< 1%9,318
Women73%21%5%2%< 1%9,849
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Attendance at religious services among adults who believe in Hell by gender

% of adults who believe in Hell who attend religious services…

Gender compositionAt least once a weekOnce or twice a month/a few times a yearSeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
Men43%36%21%< 1%9,318
Women50%32%17%1%9,849
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Frequency of prayer among adults who believe in Hell by gender

% of adults who believe in Hell who pray…

Gender compositionAt least dailyWeeklyMonthlySeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
Men61%18%7%13%1%9,318
Women75%15%4%6%1%9,849
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Frequency of participation in prayer, scripture study or religious education groups among adults who believe in Hell by gender

% of adults who believe in Hell who attend prayer group…

Gender compositionAt least once a weekOnce or twice a monthSeveral times a yearSeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
Men29%12%10%49%< 1%9,318
Women35%12%9%43%1%9,849
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Frequency of meditation among adults who believe in Hell by gender

% of adults who believe in Hell who meditate…

Gender compositionAt least once a weekOnce or twice a monthSeveral times a yearSeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
Men41%8%4%45%2%9,318
Women46%8%3%42%2%9,849
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Frequency of feeling spiritual peace and wellbeing among adults who believe in Hell by gender

% of adults who believe in Hell who feel a sense of spiritual peace and wellbeing…

Gender compositionAt least once a weekOnce or twice a monthSeveral times a yearSeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
Men60%15%9%14%1%9,318
Women70%13%8%8%1%9,849
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Frequency of feeling wonder about the universe among adults who believe in Hell by gender

% of adults who believe in Hell who feel a sense of wonder about the universe…

Gender compositionAt least once a weekOnce or twice a monthSeveral times a yearSeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
Men44%16%13%26%1%9,318
Women44%16%12%26%2%9,849
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Sources of guidance on right and wrong among adults who believe in Hell by gender

% of adults who believe in Hell who say they look to…most for guidance on right and wrong

Gender compositionReligionPhilosophy/reasonCommon senseScienceDon't knowSample size
Men41%8%43%6%3%9,318
Women49%6%38%5%2%9,849
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Belief in absolute standards for right and wrong among adults who believe in Hell by gender

% of adults who believe in Hell who say…

Gender compositionThere are clear standards for what is right and wrongRight or wrong depends on the situationNeither/both equallyDon't knowSample size
Men42%55%2%1%9,318
Women37%61%1%1%9,849
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Frequency of reading scripture among adults who believe in Hell by gender

% of adults who believe in Hell who read scripture…

Gender compositionAt least once a weekOnce or twice a monthSeveral times a yearSeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
Men41%13%9%36%1%9,318
Women51%11%8%29%1%9,849
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Interpreting scripture among adults who believe in Hell by gender

% of adults who believe in Hell who say the holy scripture is…

Gender compositionWord of God; should be taken literallyWord of God; not everything taken literallyWord of God; other/don't knowNot the word of GodOther/don't knowSample size
Men41%33%3%17%6%9,318
Women46%32%3%13%5%9,849
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Belief in Heaven among adults who believe in Hell by gender

% of adults who believe in Hell who …in heaven

Gender compositionBelieveDon't believeOther/don't knowSample size
Men95%3%3%9,318
Women95%2%2%9,849
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

SocialandPoliticalViews

Party affiliation among adults who believe in Hell by gender

% of adults who believe in Hell who identify as…

Gender compositionRepublican/lean Rep.No leanDemocrat/lean Dem.Sample size
Men49%17%35%9,318
Women40%17%43%9,849
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Political ideology among adults who believe in Hell by gender

% of adults who believe in Hell who are…

Gender compositionConservativeModerateLiberalDon't knowSample size
Men48%30%16%5%9,318
Women42%33%18%7%9,849
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Views about size of government among adults who believe in Hell by gender

% of adults who believe in Hell who would rather have…

Gender compositionSmaller government; fewer servicesBigger government; more servicesDependsDon't knowSample size
Men61%34%2%3%9,318
Women47%47%2%4%9,849
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Views about government aid to the poor among adults who believe in Hell by gender

% of adults who believe in Hell who say government aid to the poor…

Gender compositionDoes more harm than goodDoes more good than harmNeither/both equallyDon't knowSample size
Men54%41%4%2%9,318
Women46%48%4%2%9,849
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Views about abortion among adults who believe in Hell by gender

% of adults who believe in Hell who say abortion should be…

Gender compositionLegal in all/most casesIllegal in all/most casesDon't knowSample size
Men41%55%4%9,318
Women43%53%4%9,849
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Views about homosexuality among adults who believe in Hell by gender

% of adults who believe in Hell who say homosexuality…

Gender compositionShould be acceptedShould be discouragedNeither/both equallyDon't knowSample size
Men46%47%4%3%9,318
Women56%37%4%4%9,849
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Views about same-sex marriage among adults who believe in Hell by gender

% of adults who believe in Hell who …same-sex marriage

Gender compositionStrongly favor/favorOppose/strongly opposeDon't knowSample size
Men37%55%8%9,318
Women45%48%7%9,849
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Views about environmental regulation among adults who believe in Hell by gender

% of adults who believe in Hell who say…

Gender compositionStricter environmental laws and regulations cost too many jobs and hurt the economyStricter environmental laws and regulations are worth the costNeither/both equallyDon't knowSample size
Men49%47%2%2%9,318
Women40%55%2%4%9,849
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Views about human evolution among adults who believe in Hell by gender

% of adults who believe in Hell who say humans…

Gender compositionEvolved; due to natural processesEvolved; due to God's designEvolved; don't know howAlways existed in present formDon't knowSample size
Men20%31%3%41%4%9,318
Women18%28%3%47%4%9,849
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.