Survey yearBelieve in God; absolutely certainBelieve in God; fairly certainBelieve in God; not too/not at all certainBelieve in God; don't knowDo not believe in GodOther/don't know if they believe in GodSample size
201466%20%5%1%7%2%8,845
200775%16%3%1%3%2%8,068
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Learn More: Believe in God; absolutely certain, Believe in God; fairly certain, Believe in God; not too/not at all certain, Do not believe in God

Belief in God among adults with a household income of less than $30,000 by religious group

% of adults with a household income of less than $30,000 who say they…

Religious traditionBelieve in God; absolutely certainBelieve in God; fairly certainBelieve in God; not too/not at all certainBelieve in God; don't knowDo not believe in GodOther/don't know if they believe in GodSample size
Catholic61%30%6%2%1%1%1,812
Evangelical Protestant85%12%2%1%< 1%< 1%2,370
Historically Black Protestant88%9%2%1%< 1%< 1%791
Jehovah's Witness90%9%< 1%< 1%< 1%1%102
Mainline Protestant72%22%3%1%1%1%1,208
Mormon85%12%2%< 1%1%< 1%131
Unaffiliated (religious "nones")37%23%11%1%24%4%1,852
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Learn More: Believe in God; absolutely certain, Believe in God; fairly certain, Believe in God; not too/not at all certain, Do not believe in God

DemographicInformation

Age distribution among adults with a household income of less than $30,000 by belief in God

% of adults with a household income of less than $30,000 who are ages…

Belief in God18-2930-4950-6465+Sample size
Believe in God; absolutely certain22%30%27%21%5,879
Believe in God; fairly certain30%34%21%16%1,632
Believe in God; not too/not at all certain44%27%15%14%416
Do not believe in God52%26%12%10%614
Other/don't know if they believe in God42%26%15%17%149
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Generational cohort among adults with a household income of less than $30,000 by belief in God

% of adults with a household income of less than $30,000 who are…

Belief in GodYounger MillennialOlder MillennialGeneration XBaby BoomerSilentGreatestSample size
Believe in God; absolutely certain12%15%24%32%14%2%5,879
Believe in God; fairly certain15%22%26%24%11%1%1,632
Believe in God; not too/not at all certain27%24%21%18%10%1%416
Do not believe in God34%26%17%14%7%1%614
Other/don't know if they believe in God24%25%19%20%10%1%149
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Gender composition among adults with a household income of less than $30,000 by belief in God

% of adults with a household income of less than $30,000 who are…

Belief in GodMenWomenSample size
Believe in God; absolutely certain39%61%5,937
Believe in God; fairly certain45%55%1,643
Believe in God; not too/not at all certain57%43%418
Do not believe in God60%40%617
Other/don't know if they believe in God60%40%151
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Racial and ethnic composition among adults with a household income of less than $30,000 by belief in God

% of adults with a household income of less than $30,000 who identify as…

Belief in GodWhiteBlackAsianLatinoOther/MixedSample size
Believe in God; absolutely certain51%22%2%20%5%5,886
Believe in God; fairly certain49%10%2%34%4%1,633
Believe in God; not too/not at all certain57%9%5%27%2%413
Do not believe in God72%3%7%13%5%611
Other/don't know if they believe in God79%6%1%6%8%146
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Immigrant status among adults with a household income of less than $30,000 by belief in God

% of adults with a household income of less than $30,000 who are…

Belief in GodImmigrantsSecond generationThird generation or higherSample size
Believe in God; absolutely certain17%9%74%5,836
Believe in God; fairly certain30%10%60%1,611
Believe in God; not too/not at all certain19%18%63%410
Do not believe in God14%19%68%604
Other/don't know if they believe in God10%8%82%145
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Educational distribution among adults with a household income of less than $30,000 by belief in God

% of adults with a household income of less than $30,000 who have completed…

Belief in GodHigh school or lessSome collegeCollegePost-graduate degreeSample size
Believe in God; absolutely certain61%31%6%2%5,923
Believe in God; fairly certain64%26%6%3%1,635
Believe in God; not too/not at all certain62%26%9%4%415
Do not believe in God43%37%15%6%615
Other/don't know if they believe in God39%47%5%9%151
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Marital status among adults with a household income of less than $30,000 by belief in God

% of adults with a household income of less than $30,000 who are…

Belief in GodMarriedLiving with a partnerDivorced/separatedWidowedNever marriedSample size
Believe in God; absolutely certain29%8%22%12%29%5,918
Believe in God; fairly certain29%13%17%8%33%1,638
Believe in God; not too/not at all certain20%13%16%7%44%417
Do not believe in God18%16%12%3%50%615
Other/don't know if they believe in God14%6%24%9%47%150
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Parent of children under 18 among adults with a household income of less than $30,000 by belief in God

% of adults with a household income of less than $30,000 who are…

Belief in GodParentsNon-parentsSample size
Believe in God; absolutely certain29%71%5,926
Believe in God; fairly certain32%68%1,643
Believe in God; not too/not at all certain25%75%417
Do not believe in God17%83%615
Other/don't know if they believe in God18%82%149
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

BeliefsandPractices

Importance of religion in one's life among adults with a household income of less than $30,000 by belief in God

% of adults with a household income of less than $30,000 who say religion is…

Belief in GodVery importantSomewhat importantNot too importantNot at all importantDon't knowSample size
Believe in God; absolutely certain74%19%3%3%1%5,937
Believe in God; fairly certain37%42%15%6%1%1,643
Believe in God; not too/not at all certain16%33%31%19%1%418
Do not believe in God5%8%22%65%< 1%617
Other/don't know if they believe in God9%27%27%34%4%151
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Attendance at religious services among adults with a household income of less than $30,000 by belief in God

% of adults with a household income of less than $30,000 who attend religious services…

Belief in GodAt least once a weekOnce or twice a month/a few times a yearSeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
Believe in God; absolutely certain44%33%22%1%5,937
Believe in God; fairly certain25%38%37%1%1,643
Believe in God; not too/not at all certain7%35%58%< 1%418
Do not believe in God3%14%82%1%617
Other/don't know if they believe in God10%26%61%3%151
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Frequency of prayer among adults with a household income of less than $30,000 by belief in God

% of adults with a household income of less than $30,000 who pray…

Belief in GodAt least dailyWeeklyMonthlySeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
Believe in God; absolutely certain75%15%3%6%1%5,937
Believe in God; fairly certain43%23%11%23%1%1,643
Believe in God; not too/not at all certain25%13%12%50%< 1%418
Do not believe in God4%2%3%91%< 1%617
Other/don't know if they believe in God18%7%7%65%3%151
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Frequency of participation in prayer, scripture study or religious education groups among adults with a household income of less than $30,000 by belief in God

% of adults with a household income of less than $30,000 who attend prayer group…

Belief in GodAt least once a weekOnce or twice a monthSeveral times a yearSeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
Believe in God; absolutely certain35%12%8%44%1%5,937
Believe in God; fairly certain17%10%10%63%1%1,643
Believe in God; not too/not at all certain5%5%5%85%< 1%418
Do not believe in God2%1%2%94%< 1%617
Other/don't know if they believe in God6%3%5%84%2%151
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Frequency of meditation among adults with a household income of less than $30,000 by belief in God

% of adults with a household income of less than $30,000 who meditate…

Belief in GodAt least once a weekOnce or twice a monthSeveral times a yearSeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
Believe in God; absolutely certain52%7%3%35%2%5,937
Believe in God; fairly certain39%12%5%43%1%1,643
Believe in God; not too/not at all certain22%12%7%58%1%418
Do not believe in God21%7%5%66%1%617
Other/don't know if they believe in God29%15%2%51%4%151
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Frequency of feeling spiritual peace and wellbeing among adults with a household income of less than $30,000 by belief in God

% of adults with a household income of less than $30,000 who feel a sense of spiritual peace and wellbeing…

Belief in GodAt least once a weekOnce or twice a monthSeveral times a yearSeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
Believe in God; absolutely certain69%13%7%10%1%5,937
Believe in God; fairly certain47%18%13%21%1%1,643
Believe in God; not too/not at all certain30%15%14%41%1%418
Do not believe in God30%13%7%49%2%617
Other/don't know if they believe in God34%8%9%42%8%151
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Frequency of feeling wonder about the universe among adults with a household income of less than $30,000 by belief in God

% of adults with a household income of less than $30,000 who feel a sense of wonder about the universe…

Belief in GodAt least once a weekOnce or twice a monthSeveral times a yearSeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
Believe in God; absolutely certain49%14%10%25%2%5,937
Believe in God; fairly certain45%15%14%25%1%1,643
Believe in God; not too/not at all certain47%11%12%29%1%418
Do not believe in God50%13%9%28%1%617
Other/don't know if they believe in God49%18%10%18%5%151
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Sources of guidance on right and wrong among adults with a household income of less than $30,000 by belief in God

% of adults with a household income of less than $30,000 who say they look to…most for guidance on right and wrong

Belief in GodReligionPhilosophy/reasonCommon senseScienceDon't knowSample size
Believe in God; absolutely certain45%7%40%5%2%5,937
Believe in God; fairly certain22%12%52%12%2%1,643
Believe in God; not too/not at all certain8%17%59%15%1%418
Do not believe in God1%18%55%25%1%617
Other/don't know if they believe in God5%22%61%9%3%151
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Belief in absolute standards for right and wrong among adults with a household income of less than $30,000 by belief in God

% of adults with a household income of less than $30,000 who say…

Belief in GodThere are clear standards for what is right and wrongRight or wrong depends on the situationNeither/both equallyDon't knowSample size
Believe in God; absolutely certain33%65%2%1%5,937
Believe in God; fairly certain23%73%2%2%1,643
Believe in God; not too/not at all certain18%80%1%1%418
Do not believe in God16%83%1%1%617
Other/don't know if they believe in God16%79%3%2%151
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Frequency of reading scripture among adults with a household income of less than $30,000 by belief in God

% of adults with a household income of less than $30,000 who read scripture…

Belief in GodAt least once a weekOnce or twice a monthSeveral times a yearSeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
Believe in God; absolutely certain52%12%7%28%1%5,937
Believe in God; fairly certain24%13%10%53%< 1%1,643
Believe in God; not too/not at all certain7%8%9%76%< 1%418
Do not believe in God6%3%4%88%< 1%617
Other/don't know if they believe in God15%5%7%71%2%151
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Interpreting scripture among adults with a household income of less than $30,000 by belief in God

% of adults with a household income of less than $30,000 who say the holy scripture is…

Belief in GodWord of God; should be taken literallyWord of God; not everything taken literallyWord of God; other/don't knowNot the word of GodOther/don't knowSample size
Believe in God; absolutely certain51%26%3%14%6%5,937
Believe in God; fairly certain27%27%2%35%8%1,643
Believe in God; not too/not at all certain13%12%< 1%68%7%418
Do not believe in God2%3%< 1%91%4%617
Other/don't know if they believe in God4%7%3%66%20%151
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Belief in Heaven among adults with a household income of less than $30,000 by belief in God

% of adults with a household income of less than $30,000 who …in heaven

Belief in GodBelieveDon't believeOther/don't knowSample size
Believe in God; absolutely certain88%7%5%5,937
Believe in God; fairly certain77%15%7%1,643
Believe in God; not too/not at all certain48%38%14%418
Do not believe in God8%88%4%617
Other/don't know if they believe in God27%40%34%151
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Belief in Hell among adults with a household income of less than $30,000 by belief in God

% of adults with a household income of less than $30,000 who …in hell

Belief in GodBelieveDon't believeOther/don't knowSample size
Believe in God; absolutely certain74%19%7%5,937
Believe in God; fairly certain57%34%9%1,643
Believe in God; not too/not at all certain40%48%12%418
Do not believe in God7%89%3%617
Other/don't know if they believe in God26%46%28%151
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

SocialandPoliticalViews

Party affiliation among adults with a household income of less than $30,000 by belief in God

% of adults with a household income of less than $30,000 who identify as…

Belief in GodRepublican/lean Rep.No leanDemocrat/lean Dem.Sample size
Believe in God; absolutely certain30%21%49%5,937
Believe in God; fairly certain24%26%50%1,643
Believe in God; not too/not at all certain22%22%56%418
Do not believe in God14%27%59%617
Other/don't know if they believe in God14%34%52%151
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Political ideology among adults with a household income of less than $30,000 by belief in God

% of adults with a household income of less than $30,000 who are…

Belief in GodConservativeModerateLiberalDon't knowSample size
Believe in God; absolutely certain38%31%22%9%5,937
Believe in God; fairly certain25%35%33%7%1,643
Believe in God; not too/not at all certain21%38%35%7%418
Do not believe in God14%29%48%8%617
Other/don't know if they believe in God16%40%30%15%151
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Views about size of government among adults with a household income of less than $30,000 by belief in God

% of adults with a household income of less than $30,000 who would rather have…

Belief in GodSmaller government; fewer servicesBigger government; more servicesDependsDon't knowSample size
Believe in God; absolutely certain38%55%3%4%5,937
Believe in God; fairly certain33%62%3%3%1,643
Believe in God; not too/not at all certain38%54%5%3%418
Do not believe in God43%51%3%4%617
Other/don't know if they believe in God52%35%5%8%151
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Views about government aid to the poor among adults with a household income of less than $30,000 by belief in God

% of adults with a household income of less than $30,000 who say government aid to the poor…

Belief in GodDoes more harm than goodDoes more good than harmNeither/both equallyDon't knowSample size
Believe in God; absolutely certain36%57%5%2%5,937
Believe in God; fairly certain34%61%3%2%1,643
Believe in God; not too/not at all certain37%57%3%2%418
Do not believe in God27%69%3%1%617
Other/don't know if they believe in God28%61%7%3%151
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Views about abortion among adults with a household income of less than $30,000 by belief in God

% of adults with a household income of less than $30,000 who say abortion should be…

Belief in GodLegal in all/most casesIllegal in all/most casesDon't knowSample size
Believe in God; absolutely certain42%53%5%5,937
Believe in God; fairly certain53%43%4%1,643
Believe in God; not too/not at all certain67%30%3%418
Do not believe in God78%19%3%617
Other/don't know if they believe in God68%23%10%151
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Views about homosexuality among adults with a household income of less than $30,000 by belief in God

% of adults with a household income of less than $30,000 who say homosexuality…

Belief in GodShould be acceptedShould be discouragedNeither/both equallyDon't knowSample size
Believe in God; absolutely certain52%41%4%4%5,937
Believe in God; fairly certain73%21%3%3%1,643
Believe in God; not too/not at all certain76%19%2%3%418
Do not believe in God89%8%2%1%617
Other/don't know if they believe in God75%13%7%6%151
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Views about same-sex marriage among adults with a household income of less than $30,000 by belief in God

% of adults with a household income of less than $30,000 who …same-sex marriage

Belief in GodStrongly favor/favorOppose/strongly opposeDon't knowSample size
Believe in God; absolutely certain40%51%9%5,937
Believe in God; fairly certain63%28%9%1,643
Believe in God; not too/not at all certain72%21%7%418
Do not believe in God84%11%5%617
Other/don't know if they believe in God73%20%7%151
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Views about environmental regulation among adults with a household income of less than $30,000 by belief in God

% of adults with a household income of less than $30,000 who say…

Belief in GodStricter environmental laws and regulations cost too many jobs and hurt the economyStricter environmental laws and regulations are worth the costNeither/both equallyDon't knowSample size
Believe in God; absolutely certain42%51%2%4%5,937
Believe in God; fairly certain36%58%2%4%1,643
Believe in God; not too/not at all certain32%63%2%3%418
Do not believe in God24%73%1%2%617
Other/don't know if they believe in God26%64%5%5%151
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Views about human evolution among adults with a household income of less than $30,000 by belief in God

% of adults with a household income of less than $30,000 who say humans…

Belief in GodEvolved; due to natural processesEvolved; due to God's designEvolved; don't know howAlways existed in present formDon't knowSample size
Believe in God; absolutely certain17%28%3%46%6%5,937
Believe in God; fairly certain38%25%5%27%5%1,643
Believe in God; not too/not at all certain57%15%5%21%3%418
Do not believe in God82%4%1%10%2%617
Other/don't know if they believe in God59%10%14%14%4%151
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.