DemographicInformation

Age distribution among agnostics by immigrant status

% of agnostics who are ages…

Immigrant status18-2930-4950-6465+Sample size
Immigrants34%38%19%9%114
Second generation49%32%7%11%193
Third generation or higher37%36%18%9%1,136
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Generational cohort among agnostics by immigrant status

% of agnostics who are…

Immigrant statusYounger MillennialOlder MillennialGeneration XBaby BoomerSilentGreatestSample size
Immigrants22%19%31%23%5%< 1%114
Second generation40%19%23%10%8%1%193
Third generation or higher23%26%25%21%6%< 1%1,136
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Gender composition among agnostics by immigrant status

% of agnostics who are…

Immigrant statusMenWomenSample size
Immigrants57%43%118
Second generation57%43%194
Third generation or higher63%37%1,153
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Racial and ethnic composition among agnostics by immigrant status

% of agnostics who identify as…

Immigrant statusWhiteBlackAsianLatinoOther/MixedSample size
Immigrants51%9%21%15%4%114
Second generation47%2%17%27%8%190
Third generation or higher88%3%< 1%4%4%1,140
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Income distribution among agnostics by immigrant status

% of agnostics who have a household income of…

Immigrant statusLess than $30,000$30,000-$49,999$50,000-$99,999$100,000 or moreSample size
Immigrants14%15%29%42%103
Second generation20%15%31%34%184
Third generation or higher23%19%30%27%1,072
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Educational distribution among agnostics by immigrant status

% of agnostics who have completed…

Immigrant statusHigh school or lessSome collegeCollegePost-graduate degreeSample size
Immigrants18%24%29%29%118
Second generation23%34%26%17%194
Third generation or higher23%37%25%15%1,153
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Marital status among agnostics by immigrant status

% of agnostics who are…

Immigrant statusMarriedLiving with a partnerDivorced/separatedWidowedNever marriedSample size
Immigrants38%8%14%1%39%118
Second generation26%8%7%3%55%193
Third generation or higher36%12%11%2%38%1,150
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Parent of children under 18 among agnostics by immigrant status

% of agnostics who are…

Immigrant statusParentsNon-parentsSample size
Immigrants26%74%117
Second generation14%86%194
Third generation or higher23%77%1,150
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

BeliefsandPractices

Belief in God among agnostics by immigrant status

% of agnostics who say they…

Immigrant statusBelieve in God; absolutely certainBelieve in God; fairly certainBelieve in God; not too/not at all certainBelieve in God; don't knowDo not believe in GodOther/don't know if they believe in GodSample size
Immigrants7%18%15%< 1%40%20%118
Second generation7%19%23%< 1%42%9%194
Third generation or higher8%20%16%1%42%14%1,153
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Importance of religion in one's life among agnostics by immigrant status

% of agnostics who say religion is…

Immigrant statusVery importantSomewhat importantNot too importantNot at all importantDon't knowSample size
Immigrants5%11%34%49%< 1%118
Second generation5%15%36%42%1%194
Third generation or higher3%14%31%51%1%1,153
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Attendance at religious services among agnostics by immigrant status

% of agnostics who attend religious services…

Immigrant statusAt least once a weekOnce or twice a month/a few times a yearSeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
Immigrants4%16%80%1%118
Second generation3%23%72%1%194
Third generation or higher1%18%81%< 1%1,153
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Frequency of prayer among agnostics by immigrant status

% of agnostics who pray…

Immigrant statusAt least dailyWeeklyMonthlySeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
Immigrants13%4%7%76%< 1%118
Second generation8%5%7%79%1%194
Third generation or higher8%5%6%81%< 1%1,153
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Frequency of participation in prayer, scripture study or religious education groups among agnostics by immigrant status

% of agnostics who attend prayer group…

Immigrant statusAt least once a weekOnce or twice a monthSeveral times a yearSeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
Immigrants2%4%4%90%1%118
Second generation2%1%2%93%1%194
Third generation or higher1%1%2%95%< 1%1,153
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Frequency of meditation among agnostics by immigrant status

% of agnostics who meditate…

Immigrant statusAt least once a weekOnce or twice a monthSeveral times a yearSeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
Immigrants27%9%4%61%< 1%118
Second generation23%14%6%54%3%194
Third generation or higher24%12%7%55%1%1,153
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Frequency of feeling spiritual peace and wellbeing among agnostics by immigrant status

% of agnostics who feel a sense of spiritual peace and wellbeing…

Immigrant statusAt least once a weekOnce or twice a monthSeveral times a yearSeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
Immigrants34%23%17%23%4%118
Second generation34%18%12%34%2%194
Third generation or higher38%19%11%31%1%1,153
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Frequency of feeling wonder about the universe among agnostics by immigrant status

% of agnostics who feel a sense of wonder about the universe…

Immigrant statusAt least once a weekOnce or twice a monthSeveral times a yearSeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
Immigrants47%24%20%9%< 1%118
Second generation54%17%12%14%4%194
Third generation or higher55%19%14%12%< 1%1,153
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Sources of guidance on right and wrong among agnostics by immigrant status

% of agnostics who say they look to…most for guidance on right and wrong

Immigrant statusReligionPhilosophy/reasonCommon senseScienceDon't knowSample size
Immigrants3%20%52%23%1%118
Second generation1%36%45%17%2%194
Third generation or higher1%24%55%19%1%1,153
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Belief in absolute standards for right and wrong among agnostics by immigrant status

% of agnostics who say…

Immigrant statusThere are clear standards for what is right and wrongRight or wrong depends on the situationNeither/both equallyDon't knowSample size
Immigrants12%86%1%1%118
Second generation15%83%2%< 1%194
Third generation or higher15%83%1%< 1%1,153
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Frequency of reading scripture among agnostics by immigrant status

% of agnostics who read scripture…

Immigrant statusAt least once a weekOnce or twice a monthSeveral times a yearSeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
Immigrants5%1%< 1%94%< 1%118
Second generation4%4%9%82%2%194
Third generation or higher3%5%6%86%< 1%1,153
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Interpreting scripture among agnostics by immigrant status

% of agnostics who say the holy scripture is…

Immigrant statusWord of God; should be taken literallyWord of God; not everything taken literallyWord of God; other/don't knowNot the word of GodOther/don't knowSample size
Immigrants2%< 1%< 1%95%3%118
Second generation< 1%4%< 1%91%5%194
Third generation or higher1%2%< 1%92%5%1,153
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Belief in Heaven among agnostics by immigrant status

% of agnostics who …in heaven

Immigrant statusBelieveDon't believeOther/don't knowSample size
Immigrants13%80%7%118
Second generation13%76%10%194
Third generation or higher14%73%13%1,153
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Belief in Hell among agnostics by immigrant status

% of agnostics who …in hell

Immigrant statusBelieveDon't believeOther/don't knowSample size
Immigrants9%85%6%118
Second generation10%80%10%194
Third generation or higher9%81%9%1,153
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

SocialandPoliticalViews

Party affiliation among agnostics by immigrant status

% of agnostics who identify as…

Immigrant statusRepublican/lean Rep.No leanDemocrat/lean Dem.Sample size
Immigrants13%4%83%118
Second generation16%16%69%194
Third generation or higher23%15%61%1,153
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Political ideology among agnostics by immigrant status

% of agnostics who are…

Immigrant statusConservativeModerateLiberalDon't knowSample size
Immigrants10%36%52%1%118
Second generation8%36%51%4%194
Third generation or higher11%40%45%3%1,153
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Views about size of government among agnostics by immigrant status

% of agnostics who would rather have…

Immigrant statusSmaller government; fewer servicesBigger government; more servicesDependsDon't knowSample size
Immigrants33%60%2%5%118
Second generation53%40%2%6%194
Third generation or higher51%41%4%4%1,153
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Views about government aid to the poor among agnostics by immigrant status

% of agnostics who say government aid to the poor…

Immigrant statusDoes more harm than goodDoes more good than harmNeither/both equallyDon't knowSample size
Immigrants21%74%2%3%118
Second generation28%63%5%4%194
Third generation or higher29%65%3%2%1,153
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Views about abortion among agnostics by immigrant status

% of agnostics who say abortion should be…

Immigrant statusLegal in all/most casesIllegal in all/most casesDon't knowSample size
Immigrants94%5%2%118
Second generation88%9%3%194
Third generation or higher86%12%2%1,153
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Views about homosexuality among agnostics by immigrant status

% of agnostics who say homosexuality…

Immigrant statusShould be acceptedShould be discouragedNeither/both equallyDon't knowSample size
Immigrants98%1%< 1%1%118
Second generation93%5%1%< 1%194
Third generation or higher93%4%2%1%1,153
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Views about same-sex marriage among agnostics by immigrant status

% of agnostics who …same-sex marriage

Immigrant statusStrongly favor/favorOppose/strongly opposeDon't knowSample size
Immigrants95%3%2%118
Second generation91%6%3%194
Third generation or higher90%6%3%1,153
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Views about environmental regulation among agnostics by immigrant status

% of agnostics who say…

Immigrant statusStricter environmental laws and regulations cost too many jobs and hurt the economyStricter environmental laws and regulations are worth the costNeither/both equallyDon't knowSample size
Immigrants12%86%2%< 1%118
Second generation17%79%1%2%194
Third generation or higher22%75%2%1%1,153
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Views about human evolution among agnostics by immigrant status

% of agnostics who say humans…

Immigrant statusEvolved; due to natural processesEvolved; due to God's designEvolved; don't know howAlways existed in present formDon't knowSample size
Immigrants87%7%2%2%3%118
Second generation75%9%5%6%4%194
Third generation or higher85%8%4%2%1%1,153
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.