DemographicInformation

Age distribution among lutherans in the Mainline Tradition by household income

% of lutherans in the Mainline Tradition who are ages…

Income distribution18-2930-4950-6465+Sample size
Less than $30,00016%14%32%37%143
$30,000-$49,99918%23%26%33%157
$50,000-$99,99912%42%26%20%245
$100,000 or more7%47%37%9%198
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Generational cohort among lutherans in the Mainline Tradition by household income

% of lutherans in the Mainline Tradition who are…

Income distributionYounger MillennialOlder MillennialGeneration XBaby BoomerSilentGreatestSample size
Less than $30,00011%8%12%39%25%6%143
$30,000-$49,9998%11%21%33%23%4%157
$50,000-$99,9999%6%39%31%14%1%245
$100,000 or more7%4%42%42%4%< 1%198
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Gender composition among lutherans in the Mainline Tradition by household income

% of lutherans in the Mainline Tradition who are…

Income distributionMenWomenSample size
Less than $30,00039%61%145
$30,000-$49,99947%53%159
$50,000-$99,99949%51%246
$100,000 or more58%42%200
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Racial and ethnic composition among lutherans in the Mainline Tradition by household income

% of lutherans in the Mainline Tradition who identify as…

Income distributionWhiteBlackAsianLatinoOther/MixedSample size
Less than $30,00096%1%< 1%3%< 1%143
$30,000-$49,99996%2%< 1%< 1%2%157
$50,000-$99,99996%2%1%< 1%1%244
$100,000 or more92%1%4%< 1%2%199
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Immigrant status among lutherans in the Mainline Tradition by household income

% of lutherans in the Mainline Tradition who are…

Income distributionImmigrantsSecond generationThird generation or higherSample size
Less than $30,0005%6%89%142
$30,000-$49,9993%6%91%159
$50,000-$99,9991%8%91%246
$100,000 or more5%8%86%200
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Educational distribution among lutherans in the Mainline Tradition by household income

% of lutherans in the Mainline Tradition who have completed…

Income distributionHigh school or lessSome collegeCollegePost-graduate degreeSample size
Less than $30,00069%18%7%6%144
$30,000-$49,99934%42%15%8%159
$50,000-$99,99926%39%23%12%246
$100,000 or more21%21%30%28%200
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Marital status among lutherans in the Mainline Tradition by household income

% of lutherans in the Mainline Tradition who are…

Income distributionMarriedLiving with a partnerDivorced/separatedWidowedNever marriedSample size
Less than $30,00034%7%24%16%20%144
$30,000-$49,99940%7%17%12%24%158
$50,000-$99,99971%2%7%3%16%246
$100,000 or more86%3%3%1%8%200
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Parent of children under 18 among lutherans in the Mainline Tradition by household income

% of lutherans in the Mainline Tradition who are…

Income distributionParentsNon-parentsSample size
Less than $30,00016%84%145
$30,000-$49,99920%80%159
$50,000-$99,99932%68%246
$100,000 or more45%55%199
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

BeliefsandPractices

Belief in God among lutherans in the Mainline Tradition by household income

% of lutherans in the Mainline Tradition who say they…

Income distributionBelieve in God; absolutely certainBelieve in God; fairly certainBelieve in God; not too/not at all certainBelieve in God; don't knowDo not believe in GodOther/don't know if they believe in GodSample size
Less than $30,00061%26%6%2%4%1%145
$30,000-$49,99968%26%3%< 1%2%< 1%159
$50,000-$99,99966%30%1%< 1%< 1%2%246
$100,000 or more52%40%4%< 1%2%2%200
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Importance of religion in one's life among lutherans in the Mainline Tradition by household income

% of lutherans in the Mainline Tradition who say religion is…

Income distributionVery importantSomewhat importantNot too importantNot at all importantDon't knowSample size
Less than $30,00048%34%13%4%1%145
$30,000-$49,99947%44%9%< 1%< 1%159
$50,000-$99,99945%42%11%< 1%1%246
$100,000 or more37%46%14%3%< 1%200
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Attendance at religious services among lutherans in the Mainline Tradition by household income

% of lutherans in the Mainline Tradition who attend religious services…

Income distributionAt least once a weekOnce or twice a month/a few times a yearSeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
Less than $30,00014%51%33%1%145
$30,000-$49,99926%47%27%< 1%159
$50,000-$99,99932%50%18%< 1%246
$100,000 or more20%66%15%< 1%200
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Frequency of prayer among lutherans in the Mainline Tradition by household income

% of lutherans in the Mainline Tradition who pray…

Income distributionAt least dailyWeeklyMonthlySeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
Less than $30,00047%30%7%15%< 1%145
$30,000-$49,99950%29%4%16%< 1%159
$50,000-$99,99950%28%9%13%< 1%246
$100,000 or more41%30%10%19%< 1%200
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Frequency of participation in prayer, scripture study or religious education groups among lutherans in the Mainline Tradition by household income

% of lutherans in the Mainline Tradition who attend prayer group…

Income distributionAt least once a weekOnce or twice a monthSeveral times a yearSeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
Less than $30,0009%10%3%79%< 1%145
$30,000-$49,99914%10%11%65%< 1%159
$50,000-$99,99913%8%11%67%< 1%246
$100,000 or more7%7%13%73%< 1%200
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Frequency of meditation among lutherans in the Mainline Tradition by household income

% of lutherans in the Mainline Tradition who meditate…

Income distributionAt least once a weekOnce or twice a monthSeveral times a yearSeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
Less than $30,00031%8%4%57%1%145
$30,000-$49,99932%11%3%54%< 1%159
$50,000-$99,99929%6%3%60%1%246
$100,000 or more21%8%11%59%< 1%200
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Frequency of feeling spiritual peace and wellbeing among lutherans in the Mainline Tradition by household income

% of lutherans in the Mainline Tradition who feel a sense of spiritual peace and wellbeing…

Income distributionAt least once a weekOnce or twice a monthSeveral times a yearSeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
Less than $30,00042%25%11%22%< 1%145
$30,000-$49,99957%15%6%21%< 1%159
$50,000-$99,99952%23%13%12%< 1%246
$100,000 or more52%18%18%12%< 1%200
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Frequency of feeling wonder about the universe among lutherans in the Mainline Tradition by household income

% of lutherans in the Mainline Tradition who feel a sense of wonder about the universe…

Income distributionAt least once a weekOnce or twice a monthSeveral times a yearSeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
Less than $30,00037%12%10%39%1%145
$30,000-$49,99947%19%10%23%1%159
$50,000-$99,99939%24%17%20%1%246
$100,000 or more34%22%16%27%1%200
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Sources of guidance on right and wrong among lutherans in the Mainline Tradition by household income

% of lutherans in the Mainline Tradition who say they look to…most for guidance on right and wrong

Income distributionReligionPhilosophy/reasonCommon senseScienceDon't knowSample size
Less than $30,00025%4%60%12%< 1%145
$30,000-$49,99921%6%64%5%4%159
$50,000-$99,99933%11%49%3%3%246
$100,000 or more22%12%57%7%3%200
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Belief in absolute standards for right and wrong among lutherans in the Mainline Tradition by household income

% of lutherans in the Mainline Tradition who say…

Income distributionThere are clear standards for what is right and wrongRight or wrong depends on the situationNeither/both equallyDon't knowSample size
Less than $30,00023%76%1%< 1%145
$30,000-$49,99928%69%2%2%159
$50,000-$99,99928%69%2%1%246
$100,000 or more34%66%< 1%< 1%200
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Frequency of reading scripture among lutherans in the Mainline Tradition by household income

% of lutherans in the Mainline Tradition who read scripture…

Income distributionAt least once a weekOnce or twice a monthSeveral times a yearSeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
Less than $30,00021%18%14%47%1%145
$30,000-$49,99923%14%13%50%< 1%159
$50,000-$99,99917%10%17%55%< 1%246
$100,000 or more13%10%20%58%< 1%200
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Interpreting scripture among lutherans in the Mainline Tradition by household income

% of lutherans in the Mainline Tradition who say the holy scripture is…

Income distributionWord of God; should be taken literallyWord of God; not everything taken literallyWord of God; other/don't knowNot the word of GodOther/don't knowSample size
Less than $30,00032%33%2%23%10%145
$30,000-$49,99921%43%1%27%7%159
$50,000-$99,99911%41%1%37%10%246
$100,000 or more8%44%< 1%43%4%200
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Belief in Heaven among lutherans in the Mainline Tradition by household income

% of lutherans in the Mainline Tradition who …in heaven

Income distributionBelieveDon't believeOther/don't knowSample size
Less than $30,00082%11%7%145
$30,000-$49,99984%7%9%159
$50,000-$99,99984%7%9%246
$100,000 or more78%16%6%200
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Belief in Hell among lutherans in the Mainline Tradition by household income

% of lutherans in the Mainline Tradition who …in hell

Income distributionBelieveDon't believeOther/don't knowSample size
Less than $30,00054%31%15%145
$30,000-$49,99961%30%9%159
$50,000-$99,99957%33%9%246
$100,000 or more57%34%8%200
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

SocialandPoliticalViews

Party affiliation among lutherans in the Mainline Tradition by household income

% of lutherans in the Mainline Tradition who identify as…

Income distributionRepublican/lean Rep.No leanDemocrat/lean Dem.Sample size
Less than $30,00027%21%52%145
$30,000-$49,99953%8%40%159
$50,000-$99,99950%10%40%246
$100,000 or more54%8%38%200
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Political ideology among lutherans in the Mainline Tradition by household income

% of lutherans in the Mainline Tradition who are…

Income distributionConservativeModerateLiberalDon't knowSample size
Less than $30,00028%40%21%11%145
$30,000-$49,99933%43%24%1%159
$50,000-$99,99940%38%21%< 1%246
$100,000 or more38%39%22%1%200
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Views about size of government among lutherans in the Mainline Tradition by household income

% of lutherans in the Mainline Tradition who would rather have…

Income distributionSmaller government; fewer servicesBigger government; more servicesDependsDon't knowSample size
Less than $30,00049%45%3%3%145
$30,000-$49,99962%28%6%4%159
$50,000-$99,99967%25%6%2%246
$100,000 or more74%25%1%< 1%200
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Views about government aid to the poor among lutherans in the Mainline Tradition by household income

% of lutherans in the Mainline Tradition who say government aid to the poor…

Income distributionDoes more harm than goodDoes more good than harmNeither/both equallyDon't knowSample size
Less than $30,00037%53%6%4%145
$30,000-$49,99949%45%4%2%159
$50,000-$99,99955%41%3%1%246
$100,000 or more54%42%3%< 1%200
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Views about abortion among lutherans in the Mainline Tradition by household income

% of lutherans in the Mainline Tradition who say abortion should be…

Income distributionLegal in all/most casesIllegal in all/most casesDon't knowSample size
Less than $30,00065%33%2%145
$30,000-$49,99963%31%6%159
$50,000-$99,99965%34%1%246
$100,000 or more70%30%< 1%200
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Views about homosexuality among lutherans in the Mainline Tradition by household income

% of lutherans in the Mainline Tradition who say homosexuality…

Income distributionShould be acceptedShould be discouragedNeither/both equallyDon't knowSample size
Less than $30,00066%29%2%3%145
$30,000-$49,99966%26%5%3%159
$50,000-$99,99972%21%4%2%246
$100,000 or more82%16%2%< 1%200
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Views about same-sex marriage among lutherans in the Mainline Tradition by household income

% of lutherans in the Mainline Tradition who …same-sex marriage

Income distributionStrongly favor/favorOppose/strongly opposeDon't knowSample size
Less than $30,00060%33%7%145
$30,000-$49,99957%34%10%159
$50,000-$99,99968%27%4%246
$100,000 or more70%25%5%200
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Views about environmental regulation among lutherans in the Mainline Tradition by household income

% of lutherans in the Mainline Tradition who say…

Income distributionStricter environmental laws and regulations cost too many jobs and hurt the economyStricter environmental laws and regulations are worth the costNeither/both equallyDon't knowSample size
Less than $30,00039%57%1%4%145
$30,000-$49,99938%58%2%2%159
$50,000-$99,99933%65%2%1%246
$100,000 or more41%57%< 1%2%200
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Views about human evolution among lutherans in the Mainline Tradition by household income

% of lutherans in the Mainline Tradition who say humans…

Income distributionEvolved; due to natural processesEvolved; due to God's designEvolved; don't know howAlways existed in present formDon't knowSample size
Less than $30,00024%33%4%32%7%145
$30,000-$49,99925%43%2%25%5%159
$50,000-$99,99929%40%3%26%2%246
$100,000 or more39%34%4%22%< 1%200
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.