Survey yearConservativeModerateLiberalDon't knowSample size
201422%34%40%4%3,212
200726%35%30%9%1,845
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Learn More: Conservative, Moderate, Liberal

Political ideology among adults who say science is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong by religious group

% of adults who say science is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who are…

Religious traditionConservativeModerateLiberalDon't knowSample size
Catholic29%37%30%4%626
Evangelical Protestant38%31%27%3%255
Jewish6%31%61%2%124
Mainline Protestant27%39%30%4%424
Unaffiliated (religious "nones")14%33%48%4%1,392
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Learn More: Conservative, Moderate, Liberal

DemographicInformation

Age distribution among adults who say science is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong by political ideology

% of adults who say science is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who are ages…

Political ideology18-2930-4950-6465+Sample size
Conservative23%35%26%16%624
Moderate31%38%20%12%1,106
Liberal31%39%18%12%1,316
Don't know34%35%19%13%110
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Generational cohort among adults who say science is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong by political ideology

% of adults who say science is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who are…

Political ideologyYounger MillennialOlder MillennialGeneration XBaby BoomerSilentGreatestSample size
Conservative16%14%28%30%10%1%624
Moderate21%16%31%23%7%1%1,106
Liberal18%21%31%22%8%1%1,316
Don't know27%14%28%22%9%< 1%110
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Gender composition among adults who say science is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong by political ideology

% of adults who say science is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who are…

Political ideologyMenWomenSample size
Conservative60%40%637
Moderate61%39%1,119
Liberal50%50%1,336
Don't know59%41%120
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Racial and ethnic composition among adults who say science is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong by political ideology

% of adults who say science is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who identify as…

Political ideologyWhiteBlackAsianLatinoOther/MixedSample size
Conservative56%10%4%27%3%629
Moderate65%6%7%20%3%1,103
Liberal62%6%9%19%5%1,323
Don't know43%9%12%28%8%114
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Immigrant status among adults who say science is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong by political ideology

% of adults who say science is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who are…

Political ideologyImmigrantsSecond generationThird generation or higherSample size
Conservative29%10%61%630
Moderate24%13%63%1,108
Liberal24%14%62%1,317
Don't know36%15%49%108
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Income distribution among adults who say science is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong by political ideology

% of adults who say science is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who have a household income of…

Political ideologyLess than $30,000$30,000-$49,999$50,000-$99,999$100,000 or moreSample size
Conservative40%20%21%19%568
Moderate26%20%28%25%1,003
Liberal31%17%25%27%1,208
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Educational distribution among adults who say science is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong by political ideology

% of adults who say science is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who have completed…

Political ideologyHigh school or lessSome collegeCollegePost-graduate degreeSample size
Conservative51%22%17%9%635
Moderate31%28%24%17%1,115
Liberal27%25%24%24%1,327
Don't know48%29%11%12%111
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Marital status among adults who say science is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong by political ideology

% of adults who say science is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who are…

Political ideologyMarriedLiving with a partnerDivorced/separatedWidowedNever marriedSample size
Conservative44%7%13%5%31%630
Moderate48%8%9%3%33%1,117
Liberal41%12%12%3%32%1,326
Don't know41%6%12%2%39%116
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Parent of children under 18 among adults who say science is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong by political ideology

% of adults who say science is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who are…

Political ideologyParentsNon-parentsSample size
Conservative31%69%634
Moderate30%70%1,115
Liberal29%71%1,331
Don't know16%84%119
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

BeliefsandPractices

Belief in God among adults who say science is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong by political ideology

% of adults who say science is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who say they…

Political ideologyBelieve in God; absolutely certainBelieve in God; fairly certainBelieve in God; not too/not at all certainBelieve in God; don't knowDo not believe in GodOther/don't know if they believe in GodSample size
Conservative49%27%6%< 1%13%4%637
Moderate32%28%10%< 1%26%3%1,119
Liberal24%24%10%1%38%3%1,336
Don't know40%19%12%< 1%25%4%120
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Importance of religion in one's life among adults who say science is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong by political ideology

% of adults who say science is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who say religion is…

Political ideologyVery importantSomewhat importantNot too importantNot at all importantDon't knowSample size
Conservative41%31%13%14%< 1%637
Moderate25%29%19%26%< 1%1,119
Liberal19%25%19%37%< 1%1,336
Don't know32%20%19%24%4%120
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Attendance at religious services among adults who say science is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong by political ideology

% of adults who say science is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who attend religious services…

Political ideologyAt least once a weekOnce or twice a month/a few times a yearSeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
Conservative23%39%37%1%637
Moderate16%37%47%< 1%1,119
Liberal11%30%59%< 1%1,336
Don't know18%32%47%4%120
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Frequency of prayer among adults who say science is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong by political ideology

% of adults who say science is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who pray…

Political ideologyAt least dailyWeeklyMonthlySeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
Conservative42%20%8%29%1%637
Moderate27%17%8%48%< 1%1,119
Liberal22%13%6%58%< 1%1,336
Don't know29%12%6%48%5%120
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Frequency of participation in prayer, scripture study or religious education groups among adults who say science is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong by political ideology

% of adults who say science is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who attend prayer group…

Political ideologyAt least once a weekOnce or twice a monthSeveral times a yearSeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
Conservative17%9%11%63%< 1%637
Moderate8%6%8%78%< 1%1,119
Liberal7%6%5%82%< 1%1,336
Don't know14%6%6%70%4%120
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Frequency of meditation among adults who say science is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong by political ideology

% of adults who say science is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who meditate…

Political ideologyAt least once a weekOnce or twice a monthSeveral times a yearSeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
Conservative39%9%4%48%1%637
Moderate25%11%6%56%2%1,119
Liberal28%10%6%55%1%1,336
Don't know29%7%3%50%11%120
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Frequency of feeling spiritual peace and wellbeing among adults who say science is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong by political ideology

% of adults who say science is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who feel a sense of spiritual peace and wellbeing…

Political ideologyAt least once a weekOnce or twice a monthSeveral times a yearSeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
Conservative47%16%13%23%2%637
Moderate44%16%14%25%1%1,119
Liberal41%18%12%28%1%1,336
Don't know40%6%9%35%11%120
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Frequency of feeling wonder about the universe among adults who say science is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong by political ideology

% of adults who say science is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who feel a sense of wonder about the universe…

Political ideologyAt least once a weekOnce or twice a monthSeveral times a yearSeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
Conservative44%17%14%25%1%637
Moderate47%17%15%20%1%1,119
Liberal50%16%14%19%< 1%1,336
Don't know35%14%9%34%7%120
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Belief in absolute standards for right and wrong among adults who say science is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong by political ideology

% of adults who say science is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who say…

Political ideologyThere are clear standards for what is right and wrongRight or wrong depends on the situationNeither/both equallyDon't knowSample size
Conservative28%68%2%1%637
Moderate22%77%1%1%1,119
Liberal16%82%< 1%1%1,336
Don't know28%67%< 1%5%120
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Frequency of reading scripture among adults who say science is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong by political ideology

% of adults who say science is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who read scripture…

Political ideologyAt least once a weekOnce or twice a monthSeveral times a yearSeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
Conservative23%11%10%56%< 1%637
Moderate13%9%11%67%< 1%1,119
Liberal8%6%7%78%1%1,336
Don't know19%5%6%64%6%120
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Interpreting scripture among adults who say science is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong by political ideology

% of adults who say science is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who say the holy scripture is…

Political ideologyWord of God; should be taken literallyWord of God; not everything taken literallyWord of God; other/don't knowNot the word of GodOther/don't knowSample size
Conservative30%22%2%39%6%637
Moderate11%22%1%60%6%1,119
Liberal11%10%< 1%74%5%1,336
Don't know18%10%1%48%23%120
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Belief in Heaven among adults who say science is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong by political ideology

% of adults who say science is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who …in heaven

Political ideologyBelieveDon't believeOther/don't knowSample size
Conservative69%26%6%637
Moderate51%42%6%1,119
Liberal36%57%7%1,336
Don't know54%34%13%120
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Belief in Hell among adults who say science is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong by political ideology

% of adults who say science is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who …in hell

Political ideologyBelieveDon't believeOther/don't knowSample size
Conservative56%36%8%637
Moderate36%58%6%1,119
Liberal26%69%4%1,336
Don't know42%40%18%120
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

SocialandPoliticalViews

Party affiliation among adults who say science is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong by political ideology

% of adults who say science is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who identify as…

Political ideologyRepublican/lean Rep.No leanDemocrat/lean Dem.Sample size
Conservative51%17%32%637
Moderate25%18%56%1,119
Liberal8%12%80%1,336
Don't know9%61%30%120
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Views about size of government among adults who say science is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong by political ideology

% of adults who say science is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who would rather have…

Political ideologySmaller government; fewer servicesBigger government; more servicesDependsDon't knowSample size
Conservative54%45%1%< 1%637
Moderate49%44%4%4%1,119
Liberal23%72%3%2%1,336
Don't know36%53%2%9%120
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Views about government aid to the poor among adults who say science is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong by political ideology

% of adults who say science is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who say government aid to the poor…

Political ideologyDoes more harm than goodDoes more good than harmNeither/both equallyDon't knowSample size
Conservative56%40%3%1%637
Moderate37%59%3%2%1,119
Liberal19%78%2%1%1,336
Don't know40%47%6%7%120
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Views about abortion among adults who say science is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong by political ideology

% of adults who say science is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who say abortion should be…

Political ideologyLegal in all/most casesIllegal in all/most casesDon't knowSample size
Conservative50%45%5%637
Moderate73%24%2%1,119
Liberal81%17%3%1,336
Don't know62%26%12%120
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Views about homosexuality among adults who say science is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong by political ideology

% of adults who say science is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who say homosexuality…

Political ideologyShould be acceptedShould be discouragedNeither/both equallyDon't knowSample size
Conservative63%30%3%3%637
Moderate84%13%2%1%1,119
Liberal90%8%1%1%1,336
Don't know70%19%5%7%120
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Views about same-sex marriage among adults who say science is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong by political ideology

% of adults who say science is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who …same-sex marriage

Political ideologyStrongly favor/favorOppose/strongly opposeDon't knowSample size
Conservative49%42%9%637
Moderate78%19%3%1,119
Liberal88%9%3%1,336
Don't know57%26%18%120
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Views about environmental regulation among adults who say science is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong by political ideology

% of adults who say science is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who say…

Political ideologyStricter environmental laws and regulations cost too many jobs and hurt the economyStricter environmental laws and regulations are worth the costNeither/both equallyDon't knowSample size
Conservative47%47%1%4%637
Moderate26%71%2%2%1,119
Liberal14%83%1%1%1,336
Don't know34%57%4%4%120
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Views about human evolution among adults who say science is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong by political ideology

% of adults who say science is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who say humans…

Political ideologyEvolved; due to natural processesEvolved; due to God's designEvolved; don't know howAlways existed in present formDon't knowSample size
Conservative42%20%4%29%4%637
Moderate61%18%3%15%2%1,119
Liberal75%12%2%10%1%1,336
Don't know53%13%6%23%4%120
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.