Parent of children under 18 among adults who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong by religious group
% of adults who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who are…
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Religious tradition
Parents
Non-parents
Sample size
Catholic
31%
69%
737
Evangelical Protestant
31%
69%
408
Historically Black Protestant
27%
73%
111
Jewish
30%
70%
144
Mainline Protestant
28%
72%
645
Unaffiliated (religious "nones")
21%
79%
1,392
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Age distribution among adults who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong by parental status
% of adults who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who are ages…
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Parent of children under 18
18-29
30-49
50-64
65+
Sample size
Parents
19%
66%
14%
1%
864
Non-parents
38%
22%
24%
16%
2,953
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Generational cohort among adults who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong by parental status
% of adults who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who are…
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Parent of children under 18
Younger Millennial
Older Millennial
Generation X
Baby Boomer
Silent
Greatest
Sample size
Parents
6%
24%
55%
15%
< 1%
< 1%
864
Non-parents
27%
16%
16%
29%
10%
1%
2,953
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Gender composition among adults who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong by parental status
% of adults who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who are…
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Parent of children under 18
Men
Women
Sample size
Parents
50%
50%
874
Non-parents
56%
44%
2,999
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Racial and ethnic composition among adults who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong by parental status
% of adults who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who identify as…
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Parent of children under 18
White
Black
Asian
Latino
Other/Mixed
Sample size
Parents
63%
9%
5%
19%
4%
867
Non-parents
68%
8%
6%
14%
4%
2,960
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Immigrant status among adults who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong by parental status
% of adults who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who are…
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Parent of children under 18
Immigrants
Second generation
Third generation or higher
Sample size
Parents
22%
8%
71%
866
Non-parents
14%
16%
70%
2,965
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Income distribution among adults who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong by parental status
% of adults who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who have a household income of…
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Parent of children under 18
Less than $30,000
$30,000-$49,999
$50,000-$99,999
$100,000 or more
Sample size
Parents
29%
15%
25%
30%
825
Non-parents
31%
19%
28%
22%
2,655
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Educational distribution among adults who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong by parental status
% of adults who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who have completed…
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Parent of children under 18
High school or less
Some college
College
Post-graduate degree
Sample size
Parents
26%
30%
25%
19%
874
Non-parents
30%
33%
22%
16%
2,986
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Marital status among adults who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong by parental status
% of adults who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who are…
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Parent of children under 18
Married
Living with a partner
Divorced/separated
Widowed
Never married
Sample size
Parents
67%
9%
14%
< 1%
9%
873
Non-parents
31%
10%
12%
5%
42%
2,986
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Belief in God among adults who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong by parental status
% of adults who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who say they…
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Parent of children under 18
Believe in God; absolutely certain
Believe in God; fairly certain
Believe in God; not too/not at all certain
Believe in God; don't know
Do not believe in God
Other/don't know if they believe in God
Sample size
Parents
48%
27%
8%
1%
13%
3%
874
Non-parents
40%
25%
11%
1%
18%
4%
2,999
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Importance of religion in one's life among adults who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong by parental status
% of adults who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who say religion is…
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Parent of children under 18
Very important
Somewhat important
Not too important
Not at all important
Don't know
Sample size
Parents
37%
35%
14%
13%
1%
874
Non-parents
29%
30%
20%
21%
1%
2,999
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Attendance at religious services among adults who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong by parental status
% of adults who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who attend religious services…
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Parent of children under 18
At least once a week
Once or twice a month/a few times a year
Seldom/never
Don't know
Sample size
Parents
24%
42%
34%
< 1%
874
Non-parents
17%
37%
46%
1%
2,999
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Frequency of prayer among adults who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong by parental status
% of adults who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who pray…
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Parent of children under 18
At least daily
Weekly
Monthly
Seldom/never
Don't know
Sample size
Parents
42%
22%
8%
29%
< 1%
874
Non-parents
35%
17%
8%
39%
1%
2,999
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Frequency of participation in prayer, scripture study or religious education groups among adults who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong by parental status
% of adults who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who attend prayer group…
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Parent of children under 18
At least once a week
Once or twice a month
Several times a year
Seldom/never
Don't know
Sample size
Parents
15%
11%
10%
64%
< 1%
874
Non-parents
10%
7%
8%
75%
1%
2,999
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Frequency of meditation among adults who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong by parental status
% of adults who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who meditate…
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Parent of children under 18
At least once a week
Once or twice a month
Several times a year
Seldom/never
Don't know
Sample size
Parents
41%
9%
5%
43%
1%
874
Non-parents
39%
12%
5%
42%
1%
2,999
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Frequency of feeling spiritual peace and wellbeing among adults who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong by parental status
% of adults who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who feel a sense of spiritual peace and wellbeing…
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Parent of children under 18
At least once a week
Once or twice a month
Several times a year
Seldom/never
Don't know
Sample size
Parents
54%
19%
10%
16%
< 1%
874
Non-parents
49%
19%
11%
20%
2%
2,999
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Frequency of feeling wonder about the universe among adults who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong by parental status
% of adults who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who feel a sense of wonder about the universe…
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Parent of children under 18
At least once a week
Once or twice a month
Several times a year
Seldom/never
Don't know
Sample size
Parents
52%
17%
14%
17%
1%
874
Non-parents
57%
16%
11%
15%
1%
2,999
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Belief in absolute standards for right and wrong among adults who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong by parental status
% of adults who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who say…
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Parent of children under 18
There are clear standards for what is right and wrong
Right or wrong depends on the situation
Neither/both equally
Don't know
Sample size
Parents
28%
70%
1%
1%
874
Non-parents
22%
76%
2%
1%
2,999
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Frequency of reading scripture among adults who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong by parental status
% of adults who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who read scripture…
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Parent of children under 18
At least once a week
Once or twice a month
Several times a year
Seldom/never
Don't know
Sample size
Parents
23%
13%
12%
52%
< 1%
874
Non-parents
19%
11%
9%
61%
1%
2,999
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Interpreting scripture among adults who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong by parental status
% of adults who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who say the holy scripture is…
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Parent of children under 18
Word of God; should be taken literally
Word of God; not everything taken literally
Word of God; other/don't know
Not the word of God
Other/don't know
Sample size
Parents
15%
26%
1%
51%
7%
874
Non-parents
11%
21%
1%
60%
7%
2,999
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Belief in Heaven among adults who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong by parental status
% of adults who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who …in heaven
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Parent of children under 18
Believe
Don't believe
Other/don't know
Sample size
Parents
61%
31%
8%
874
Non-parents
51%
39%
10%
2,999
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Belief in Hell among adults who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong by parental status
% of adults who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who …in hell
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Parent of children under 18
Believe
Don't believe
Other/don't know
Sample size
Parents
45%
47%
8%
874
Non-parents
35%
57%
8%
2,999
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Party affiliation among adults who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong by parental status
% of adults who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who identify as…
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Parent of children under 18
Republican/lean Rep.
No lean
Democrat/lean Dem.
Sample size
Parents
29%
20%
51%
874
Non-parents
27%
15%
58%
2,999
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Political ideology among adults who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong by parental status
% of adults who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who are…
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Parent of children under 18
Conservative
Moderate
Liberal
Don't know
Sample size
Parents
22%
37%
38%
4%
874
Non-parents
20%
37%
40%
4%
2,999
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Views about size of government among adults who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong by parental status
% of adults who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who would rather have…
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Parent of children under 18
Smaller government; fewer services
Bigger government; more services
Depends
Don't know
Sample size
Parents
44%
52%
3%
1%
874
Non-parents
47%
46%
4%
4%
2,999
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Views about government aid to the poor among adults who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong by parental status
% of adults who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who say government aid to the poor…
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Parent of children under 18
Does more harm than good
Does more good than harm
Neither/both equally
Don't know
Sample size
Parents
33%
63%
3%
1%
874
Non-parents
32%
62%
4%
2%
2,999
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Views about abortion among adults who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong by parental status
% of adults who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who say abortion should be…
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Parent of children under 18
Legal in all/most cases
Illegal in all/most cases
Don't know
Sample size
Parents
66%
32%
2%
874
Non-parents
71%
26%
3%
2,999
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Views about homosexuality among adults who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong by parental status
% of adults who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who say homosexuality…
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Parent of children under 18
Should be accepted
Should be discouraged
Neither/both equally
Don't know
Sample size
Parents
79%
16%
3%
2%
874
Non-parents
84%
12%
3%
1%
2,999
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Views about same-sex marriage among adults who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong by parental status
% of adults who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who …same-sex marriage
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Parent of children under 18
Strongly favor/favor
Oppose/strongly oppose
Don't know
Sample size
Parents
74%
22%
4%
874
Non-parents
78%
17%
5%
2,999
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Views about environmental regulation among adults who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong by parental status
% of adults who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who say…
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Parent of children under 18
Stricter environmental laws and regulations cost too many jobs and hurt the economy
Stricter environmental laws and regulations are worth the cost
Neither/both equally
Don't know
Sample size
Parents
27%
70%
2%
1%
874
Non-parents
25%
71%
2%
2%
2,999
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Views about human evolution among adults who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong by parental status
% of adults who say philosophy/reason is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who say humans…
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Parent of children under 18
Evolved; due to natural processes
Evolved; due to God's design
Evolved; don't know how
Always existed in present form
Don't know
Sample size
Parents
48%
28%
4%
17%
3%
874
Non-parents
55%
23%
5%
15%
2%
2,999
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.