Religious denomination among baby Boomers

% of baby Boomers who are…

Survey yearAfrican Methodist Episcopal ChurchAfrican Methodist Episcopal Zion ChurchAmerican Baptist Churches USAAnglican ChurchApostolic Pentecostal (Evangelical Trad.)Apostolic Pentecostal (Historically Black Protestant Trad.)Assemblies of GodCalvary ChapelChristian and Missionary AllianceChristian Churches and Churches of ChristChristian Methodist Episcopal ChurchChristian Reformed ChurchChurch of God (Anderson, Indiana)Church of God (Cleveland, Tennessee)Church of God in ChristChurch of God of the Apostolic FaithChurch of Jesus Christ of Latter-day SaintsChurch of the NazareneChurches of ChristCommunity Church (Evangelical Trad.)Conservative Baptist Association of AmericaConservative Congregational Christian ConferenceDeistDisciples of ChristEclectic, a bit of everything, "I have my own beliefs"Episcopal ChurchEvangelical Lutheran Church in America (ELCA)Foursquare ChurchFree Methodist ChurchFree Will BaptistGeneral Association of Regular Baptist ChurchesGreek OrthodoxHumanistIndependent Baptist (Evangelical Trad.)Independent Baptist (Historically Black Protestant Trad.)Interdenominational (Evangelical Trad.)Interdenominational (Mainline Trad.)Lutheran Church-Missouri SynodMissionary Baptist (Evangelical Trad.)Missionary Baptist (Historically Black Protestant Trad.)National Baptist ConventionNondenominational charismaticNondenominational Christian (Evangelical Trad.)Nondenominational evangelicalNondenominational fundamentalistNondenominational Pentecostal (Evangelical Trad.)Nothing in particular (religion important)Nothing in particular (religion not important)Orthodox Church in AmericaOther Adventist (Evangelical Trad.)Other Baptist (Evangelical Trad.)Other Baptist (Historically Black Protestant Trad.)Other Baptist (Mainline Trad.)Other Congregationalist (Evangelical Trad.)Other Congregationalist (Mainline Trad.)Other Episcopalian/Anglican (Mainline Trad.)Other Holiness (Evangelical Trad.)Other in the "Unitarian and other liberal faiths" familyOther in the New Age familyOther Lutheran (Evangelical Trad.)Other Lutheran (Mainline Trad.)Other Metaphysical Christian ("Other Christian" Trad.)Other Methodist (Historically Black Protestant Trad.)Other Methodist (Mainline Trad.)Other MormonOther Nondenominational (Evangelical Trad.)Other Nondenominational (Mainline Trad.)Other Orthodox ChristianOther Pentecostal (Evangelical Trad.)Other Pentecostal (Historically Black Protestant Trad.)Other Presbyterian (Evangelical Trad.)Other Presbyterian (Mainline Trad.)Other Reformed (Evangelical Trad.)Other Reformed (Mainline Trad.)Other Restorationist (Evangelical Trad.)Other Restorationist (Mainline Trad.)Others in "Other Christian" TraditionPagan or WiccanPentecostal Church of GodPentecostal Holiness ChurchPresbyterian Church (USA)Presbyterian Church in AmericaProgressive Baptist ConventionReformed Church in AmericaRussian OrthodoxSeventh-day AdventistSouthern Baptist ConventionSpiritual but not religiousSpiritualistUnitarianUnited Church of ChristUnited Methodist ChurchUnited Pentecostal Church InternationalUnity ChurchWesleyan ChurchWisconsin Evangelical Lutheran SynodSample size
2014< 1%< 1%3%< 1%< 1%< 1%3%< 1%< 1%< 1%< 1%< 1%< 1%1%1%< 1%2%1%2%< 1%< 1%< 1%< 1%< 1%< 1%2%3%< 1%< 1%< 1%< 1%< 1%< 1%5%< 1%1%1%2%< 1%1%3%1%< 1%3%1%< 1%9%10%< 1%< 1%2%3%1%< 1%< 1%< 1%< 1%< 1%< 1%1%1%< 1%< 1%< 1%< 1%2%1%< 1%2%< 1%1%1%< 1%< 1%< 1%< 1%< 1%< 1%< 1%< 1%2%1%1%< 1%< 1%1%11%1%< 1%1%1%7%< 1%< 1%< 1%< 1%8,156
20071%< 1%2%< 1%< 1%< 1%3%< 1%< 1%< 1%< 1%< 1%< 1%1%1%< 1%2%< 1%2%< 1%< 1%< 1%< 1%< 1%< 1%2%3%< 1%< 1%< 1%< 1%< 1%< 1%4%1%1%1%3%< 1%< 1%4%1%< 1%2%1%< 1%8%9%< 1%< 1%2%3%1%< 1%< 1%< 1%< 1%< 1%< 1%< 1%1%< 1%< 1%1%< 1%1%1%< 1%1%< 1%1%1%< 1%< 1%< 1%< 1%< 1%< 1%< 1%< 1%2%1%1%< 1%< 1%1%12%< 1%< 1%1%1%9%< 1%< 1%< 1%< 1%8,558
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Learn More: American Baptist Churches USA, Assemblies of God, Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, Churches of Christ, Episcopal Church, Evangelical Lutheran Church in America (ELCA), Independent Baptist (Evangelical Trad.), Lutheran Church-Missouri Synod, National Baptist Convention, Nondenominational evangelical, Nothing in particular (religion important), Nothing in particular (religion not important), Presbyterian Church (USA), Southern Baptist Convention, United Church of Christ, United Methodist Church

DemographicInformation

Age distribution among baby Boomers by religious denomination

% of baby Boomers who are ages…

Religious denomination18-2930-4950-6465+Sample size
American Baptist Churches USA< 1%< 1%85%15%194
Assemblies of God< 1%< 1%84%16%190
Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints< 1%< 1%84%16%209
Churches of Christ< 1%< 1%85%15%182
Episcopal Church< 1%< 1%74%26%215
Evangelical Lutheran Church in America (ELCA)< 1%< 1%81%19%260
Independent Baptist (Evangelical Trad.)< 1%< 1%83%17%354
Lutheran Church-Missouri Synod< 1%< 1%81%19%184
National Baptist Convention< 1%< 1%83%17%216
Nondenominational evangelical< 1%< 1%90%10%270
Nothing in particular (religion important)< 1%< 1%90%10%650
Nothing in particular (religion not important)< 1%< 1%84%16%945
Presbyterian Church (USA)< 1%< 1%78%22%173
Southern Baptist Convention< 1%< 1%83%17%791
United Church of Christ< 1%< 1%81%19%101
United Methodist Church< 1%< 1%80%20%677
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Gender composition among baby Boomers by religious denomination

% of baby Boomers who are…

Religious denominationMenWomenSample size
American Baptist Churches USA42%58%194
Assemblies of God45%55%190
Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints41%59%209
Churches of Christ44%56%182
Episcopal Church46%54%215
Evangelical Lutheran Church in America (ELCA)44%56%260
Independent Baptist (Evangelical Trad.)54%46%354
Lutheran Church-Missouri Synod48%52%184
National Baptist Convention40%60%216
Nondenominational evangelical48%52%270
Nothing in particular (religion important)51%49%650
Nothing in particular (religion not important)56%44%945
Presbyterian Church (USA)48%52%173
Southern Baptist Convention51%49%791
United Church of Christ42%58%101
United Methodist Church47%53%677
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Racial and ethnic composition among baby Boomers by religious denomination

% of baby Boomers who identify as…

Religious denominationWhiteBlackAsianLatinoOther/MixedSample size
American Baptist Churches USA77%8%1%10%5%193
Assemblies of God73%4%1%18%5%189
Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints87%1%< 1%5%7%207
Churches of Christ75%16%2%5%3%181
Episcopal Church93%3%1%2%2%213
Evangelical Lutheran Church in America (ELCA)95%2%< 1%2%1%256
Independent Baptist (Evangelical Trad.)93%< 1%< 1%2%4%351
Lutheran Church-Missouri Synod94%2%1%3%< 1%183
National Baptist Convention< 1%100%< 1%< 1%< 1%216
Nondenominational evangelical82%4%2%6%5%266
Nothing in particular (religion important)67%15%3%8%6%633
Nothing in particular (religion not important)83%3%5%6%3%922
Presbyterian Church (USA)90%4%2%3%1%173
Southern Baptist Convention85%8%< 1%2%6%783
United Church of Christ91%6%1%< 1%2%100
United Methodist Church94%1%1%1%3%673
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Immigrant status among baby Boomers by religious denomination

% of baby Boomers who are…

Religious denominationImmigrantsSecond generationThird generation or higherSample size
American Baptist Churches USA8%2%90%190
Assemblies of God16%3%81%188
Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints4%5%90%207
Churches of Christ5%4%90%180
Episcopal Church4%10%85%214
Evangelical Lutheran Church in America (ELCA)3%7%90%259
Independent Baptist (Evangelical Trad.)2%5%93%353
Lutheran Church-Missouri Synod1%4%96%183
National Baptist Convention3%< 1%96%215
Nondenominational evangelical5%8%87%269
Nothing in particular (religion important)11%6%83%643
Nothing in particular (religion not important)10%10%80%937
Presbyterian Church (USA)8%5%87%172
Southern Baptist Convention2%1%97%786
United Church of Christ2%5%92%101
United Methodist Church4%4%92%674
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Income distribution among baby Boomers by religious denomination

% of baby Boomers who have a household income of…

Religious denominationLess than $30,000$30,000-$49,999$50,000-$99,999$100,000 or moreSample size
American Baptist Churches USA51%18%20%11%170
Assemblies of God38%24%25%13%170
Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints25%17%32%25%188
Churches of Christ26%25%29%20%163
Episcopal Church13%8%39%40%193
Evangelical Lutheran Church in America (ELCA)19%23%28%30%225
Independent Baptist (Evangelical Trad.)38%23%28%10%316
Lutheran Church-Missouri Synod15%24%36%25%161
National Baptist Convention52%20%21%7%199
Nondenominational evangelical16%22%38%24%244
Nothing in particular (religion important)44%23%17%16%583
Nothing in particular (religion not important)23%19%29%29%854
Presbyterian Church (USA)18%14%28%41%156
Southern Baptist Convention31%21%32%16%715
United Methodist Church20%19%32%29%601
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Educational distribution among baby Boomers by religious denomination

% of baby Boomers who have completed…

Religious denominationHigh school or lessSome collegeCollegePost-graduate degreeSample size
American Baptist Churches USA69%18%9%3%194
Assemblies of God55%28%13%4%190
Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints33%39%19%10%209
Churches of Christ46%34%12%7%182
Episcopal Church15%31%28%26%213
Evangelical Lutheran Church in America (ELCA)31%30%21%18%259
Independent Baptist (Evangelical Trad.)55%28%13%3%354
Lutheran Church-Missouri Synod34%31%21%13%183
National Baptist Convention57%27%11%5%216
Nondenominational evangelical27%38%23%13%270
Nothing in particular (religion important)57%26%11%6%649
Nothing in particular (religion not important)32%33%18%17%938
Presbyterian Church (USA)26%22%26%25%171
Southern Baptist Convention48%36%12%5%789
United Church of Christ32%19%21%28%101
United Methodist Church32%29%23%16%677
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Marital status among baby Boomers by religious denomination

% of baby Boomers who are…

Religious denominationMarriedLiving with a partnerDivorced/separatedWidowedNever marriedSample size
American Baptist Churches USA53%4%24%11%8%194
Assemblies of God64%3%21%5%6%188
Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints75%2%12%3%8%209
Churches of Christ66%3%19%7%5%182
Episcopal Church68%3%15%5%9%214
Evangelical Lutheran Church in America (ELCA)75%3%14%4%4%260
Independent Baptist (Evangelical Trad.)67%2%19%6%5%353
Lutheran Church-Missouri Synod70%4%13%6%7%183
National Baptist Convention40%2%30%14%13%215
Nondenominational evangelical78%1%13%4%4%270
Nothing in particular (religion important)51%8%22%7%13%644
Nothing in particular (religion not important)58%7%18%5%12%943
Presbyterian Church (USA)74%1%14%6%4%173
Southern Baptist Convention67%2%17%7%7%790
United Church of Christ74%2%12%1%11%101
United Methodist Church69%3%16%6%5%675
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Parent of children under 18 among baby Boomers by religious denomination

% of baby Boomers who are…

Religious denominationParentsNon-parentsSample size
American Baptist Churches USA8%92%194
Assemblies of God12%88%190
Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints15%85%209
Churches of Christ14%86%182
Episcopal Church14%86%215
Evangelical Lutheran Church in America (ELCA)10%90%260
Independent Baptist (Evangelical Trad.)12%88%354
Lutheran Church-Missouri Synod9%91%183
National Baptist Convention10%90%216
Nondenominational evangelical22%78%269
Nothing in particular (religion important)14%86%650
Nothing in particular (religion not important)8%92%943
Presbyterian Church (USA)13%87%173
Southern Baptist Convention11%89%790
United Church of Christ10%90%101
United Methodist Church11%89%676
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

BeliefsandPractices

Belief in God among baby Boomers by religious denomination

% of baby Boomers who say they…

Religious denominationBelieve in God; absolutely certainBelieve in God; fairly certainBelieve in God; not too/not at all certainBelieve in God; don't knowDo not believe in GodOther/don't know if they believe in GodSample size
American Baptist Churches USA88%11%1%< 1%1%< 1%194
Assemblies of God90%9%1%< 1%< 1%< 1%190
Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints92%7%< 1%< 1%< 1%< 1%209
Churches of Christ87%10%2%< 1%< 1%< 1%182
Episcopal Church63%22%6%2%5%2%215
Evangelical Lutheran Church in America (ELCA)73%22%3%< 1%1%< 1%260
Independent Baptist (Evangelical Trad.)90%7%1%< 1%1%< 1%354
Lutheran Church-Missouri Synod82%17%< 1%1%< 1%< 1%184
National Baptist Convention89%8%2%< 1%< 1%1%216
Nondenominational evangelical94%5%< 1%< 1%< 1%< 1%270
Nothing in particular (religion important)62%28%6%< 1%1%3%650
Nothing in particular (religion not important)24%25%14%1%29%8%945
Presbyterian Church (USA)76%19%3%< 1%< 1%1%173
Southern Baptist Convention90%8%1%< 1%< 1%< 1%791
United Church of Christ64%31%4%< 1%1%< 1%101
United Methodist Church75%21%3%< 1%< 1%1%677
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Importance of religion in one's life among baby Boomers by religious denomination

% of baby Boomers who say religion is…

Religious denominationVery importantSomewhat importantNot too importantNot at all importantDon't knowSample size
American Baptist Churches USA78%22%< 1%< 1%< 1%194
Assemblies of God88%11%< 1%< 1%1%190
Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints85%13%1%< 1%< 1%209
Churches of Christ79%16%3%2%1%182
Episcopal Church50%33%14%2%1%215
Evangelical Lutheran Church in America (ELCA)64%31%5%< 1%< 1%260
Independent Baptist (Evangelical Trad.)76%19%3%2%1%354
Lutheran Church-Missouri Synod66%30%3%1%< 1%184
National Baptist Convention94%5%1%< 1%< 1%216
Nondenominational evangelical84%13%1%2%< 1%270
Nothing in particular (religion important)43%57%< 1%< 1%< 1%650
Nothing in particular (religion not important)< 1%< 1%44%54%3%945
Presbyterian Church (USA)67%27%4%< 1%2%173
Southern Baptist Convention83%16%1%1%< 1%791
United Church of Christ60%27%11%1%1%101
United Methodist Church63%29%7%1%< 1%677
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Attendance at religious services among baby Boomers by religious denomination

% of baby Boomers who attend religious services…

Religious denominationAt least once a weekOnce or twice a month/a few times a yearSeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
American Baptist Churches USA44%38%17%1%194
Assemblies of God66%22%11%< 1%190
Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints76%13%10%1%209
Churches of Christ52%34%14%< 1%182
Episcopal Church29%50%22%< 1%215
Evangelical Lutheran Church in America (ELCA)36%51%14%< 1%260
Independent Baptist (Evangelical Trad.)53%34%12%1%354
Lutheran Church-Missouri Synod40%41%19%< 1%184
National Baptist Convention65%29%6%< 1%216
Nondenominational evangelical72%20%7%< 1%270
Nothing in particular (religion important)13%34%53%< 1%650
Nothing in particular (religion not important)1%15%84%< 1%945
Presbyterian Church (USA)48%39%12%1%173
Southern Baptist Convention58%30%11%1%791
United Church of Christ38%46%17%< 1%101
United Methodist Church43%40%18%< 1%677
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Frequency of prayer among baby Boomers by religious denomination

% of baby Boomers who pray…

Religious denominationAt least dailyWeeklyMonthlySeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
American Baptist Churches USA72%18%2%7%< 1%194
Assemblies of God81%14%2%2%1%190
Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints86%8%3%3%1%209
Churches of Christ78%16%1%5%1%182
Episcopal Church51%24%10%16%< 1%215
Evangelical Lutheran Church in America (ELCA)62%25%4%9%1%260
Independent Baptist (Evangelical Trad.)78%13%2%5%2%354
Lutheran Church-Missouri Synod67%24%5%3%1%184
National Baptist Convention87%9%2%2%< 1%216
Nondenominational evangelical87%8%2%2%< 1%270
Nothing in particular (religion important)48%21%8%22%< 1%650
Nothing in particular (religion not important)14%8%6%71%1%945
Presbyterian Church (USA)64%26%2%6%1%173
Southern Baptist Convention82%13%2%3%1%791
United Church of Christ53%28%7%11%1%101
United Methodist Church64%20%5%10%1%677
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Frequency of participation in prayer, scripture study or religious education groups among baby Boomers by religious denomination

% of baby Boomers who attend prayer group…

Religious denominationAt least once a weekOnce or twice a monthSeveral times a yearSeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
American Baptist Churches USA34%16%11%39%< 1%194
Assemblies of God52%15%6%27%< 1%190
Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints71%8%1%19%1%209
Churches of Christ42%11%7%40%< 1%182
Episcopal Church12%11%11%66%1%215
Evangelical Lutheran Church in America (ELCA)18%7%13%63%< 1%260
Independent Baptist (Evangelical Trad.)42%11%7%39%2%354
Lutheran Church-Missouri Synod22%10%11%57%< 1%184
National Baptist Convention60%13%6%21%< 1%216
Nondenominational evangelical56%9%9%26%< 1%270
Nothing in particular (religion important)11%5%6%78%< 1%650
Nothing in particular (religion not important)2%1%1%96%< 1%945
Presbyterian Church (USA)23%14%10%52%< 1%173
Southern Baptist Convention47%12%10%31%1%791
United Church of Christ23%5%9%63%< 1%101
United Methodist Church23%11%12%55%< 1%677
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Frequency of meditation among baby Boomers by religious denomination

% of baby Boomers who meditate…

Religious denominationAt least once a weekOnce or twice a monthSeveral times a yearSeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
American Baptist Churches USA50%5%3%42%< 1%194
Assemblies of God55%5%3%36%1%190
Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints65%7%3%24%1%209
Churches of Christ42%7%2%48%2%182
Episcopal Church42%11%1%45%1%215
Evangelical Lutheran Church in America (ELCA)34%10%3%52%< 1%260
Independent Baptist (Evangelical Trad.)45%6%2%45%2%354
Lutheran Church-Missouri Synod39%6%3%52%< 1%184
National Baptist Convention69%11%< 1%19%1%216
Nondenominational evangelical58%8%3%29%1%270
Nothing in particular (religion important)39%7%4%48%2%650
Nothing in particular (religion not important)25%8%5%61%1%945
Presbyterian Church (USA)37%9%4%48%2%173
Southern Baptist Convention51%7%3%37%2%791
United Church of Christ42%11%6%39%2%101
United Methodist Church41%7%6%44%1%677
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Frequency of feeling spiritual peace and wellbeing among baby Boomers by religious denomination

% of baby Boomers who feel a sense of spiritual peace and wellbeing…

Religious denominationAt least once a weekOnce or twice a monthSeveral times a yearSeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
American Baptist Churches USA70%11%6%12%1%194
Assemblies of God77%15%2%7%< 1%190
Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints86%6%3%4%1%209
Churches of Christ73%12%10%4%< 1%182
Episcopal Church54%20%11%14%2%215
Evangelical Lutheran Church in America (ELCA)60%17%16%7%< 1%260
Independent Baptist (Evangelical Trad.)72%11%7%9%1%354
Lutheran Church-Missouri Synod69%19%6%4%1%184
National Baptist Convention82%6%4%6%1%216
Nondenominational evangelical82%10%3%4%1%270
Nothing in particular (religion important)52%12%12%22%2%650
Nothing in particular (religion not important)39%11%10%37%3%945
Presbyterian Church (USA)62%17%12%7%2%173
Southern Baptist Convention80%9%5%6%1%791
United Church of Christ53%21%18%5%2%101
United Methodist Church65%14%9%10%2%677
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Frequency of feeling wonder about the universe among baby Boomers by religious denomination

% of baby Boomers who feel a sense of wonder about the universe…

Religious denominationAt least once a weekOnce or twice a monthSeveral times a yearSeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
American Baptist Churches USA43%15%15%25%1%194
Assemblies of God49%14%6%29%2%190
Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints51%23%9%16%1%209
Churches of Christ52%11%6%28%4%182
Episcopal Church45%22%9%21%2%215
Evangelical Lutheran Church in America (ELCA)44%20%15%22%< 1%260
Independent Baptist (Evangelical Trad.)46%15%11%25%3%354
Lutheran Church-Missouri Synod46%17%14%21%2%184
National Baptist Convention44%18%10%27%1%216
Nondenominational evangelical60%13%12%15%1%270
Nothing in particular (religion important)47%12%11%27%2%650
Nothing in particular (religion not important)45%13%12%29%1%945
Presbyterian Church (USA)57%13%13%17%< 1%173
Southern Baptist Convention44%15%12%26%2%791
United Church of Christ58%14%14%13%< 1%101
United Methodist Church43%14%17%25%1%677
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Sources of guidance on right and wrong among baby Boomers by religious denomination

% of baby Boomers who say they look to…most for guidance on right and wrong

Religious denominationReligionPhilosophy/reasonCommon senseScienceDon't knowSample size
American Baptist Churches USA44%5%46%4%1%194
Assemblies of God80%1%18%1%1%190
Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints66%1%26%< 1%6%209
Churches of Christ57%4%36%2%1%182
Episcopal Church22%15%53%7%4%215
Evangelical Lutheran Church in America (ELCA)35%5%53%5%3%260
Independent Baptist (Evangelical Trad.)57%4%32%3%4%354
Lutheran Church-Missouri Synod48%6%41%4%< 1%184
National Baptist Convention47%7%44%2%1%216
Nondenominational evangelical80%2%15%1%2%270
Nothing in particular (religion important)20%12%56%8%3%650
Nothing in particular (religion not important)2%16%65%14%3%945
Presbyterian Church (USA)40%11%36%6%7%173
Southern Baptist Convention66%2%29%1%2%791
United Church of Christ13%12%59%13%3%101
United Methodist Church41%7%44%5%2%677
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Belief in absolute standards for right and wrong among baby Boomers by religious denomination

% of baby Boomers who say…

Religious denominationThere are clear standards for what is right and wrongRight or wrong depends on the situationNeither/both equallyDon't knowSample size
American Baptist Churches USA35%63%1%1%194
Assemblies of God62%37%1%< 1%190
Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints62%36%2%< 1%209
Churches of Christ48%51%1%< 1%182
Episcopal Church30%66%4%< 1%215
Evangelical Lutheran Church in America (ELCA)35%64%1%1%260
Independent Baptist (Evangelical Trad.)57%41%< 1%1%354
Lutheran Church-Missouri Synod54%46%< 1%< 1%184
National Baptist Convention29%69%1%1%216
Nondenominational evangelical78%21%2%< 1%270
Nothing in particular (religion important)27%69%1%3%650
Nothing in particular (religion not important)23%74%2%1%945
Presbyterian Church (USA)33%64%2%1%173
Southern Baptist Convention54%45%1%< 1%791
United Church of Christ24%72%3%1%101
United Methodist Church39%59%1%< 1%677
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Frequency of reading scripture among baby Boomers by religious denomination

% of baby Boomers who read scripture…

Religious denominationAt least once a weekOnce or twice a monthSeveral times a yearSeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
American Baptist Churches USA48%13%9%30%< 1%194
Assemblies of God76%9%3%13%< 1%190
Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints78%5%5%11%1%209
Churches of Christ51%12%6%29%2%182
Episcopal Church21%17%9%53%< 1%215
Evangelical Lutheran Church in America (ELCA)28%13%16%42%< 1%260
Independent Baptist (Evangelical Trad.)65%8%4%23%< 1%354
Lutheran Church-Missouri Synod35%11%13%40%1%184
National Baptist Convention66%14%2%16%2%216
Nondenominational evangelical78%9%5%7%1%270
Nothing in particular (religion important)22%8%10%59%1%650
Nothing in particular (religion not important)5%1%3%91%< 1%945
Presbyterian Church (USA)37%14%8%42%< 1%173
Southern Baptist Convention65%11%7%16%1%791
United Church of Christ17%21%12%48%2%101
United Methodist Church38%14%11%37%< 1%677
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Interpreting scripture among baby Boomers by religious denomination

% of baby Boomers who say the holy scripture is…

Religious denominationWord of God; should be taken literallyWord of God; not everything taken literallyWord of God; other/don't knowNot the word of GodOther/don't knowSample size
American Baptist Churches USA56%22%6%9%8%194
Assemblies of God78%13%2%2%5%190
Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints32%51%8%4%5%209
Churches of Christ54%31%3%9%4%182
Episcopal Church10%32%1%48%9%215
Evangelical Lutheran Church in America (ELCA)20%42%2%27%9%260
Independent Baptist (Evangelical Trad.)61%21%3%11%4%354
Lutheran Church-Missouri Synod39%45%5%11%1%184
National Baptist Convention67%19%1%8%4%216
Nondenominational evangelical58%27%6%5%4%270
Nothing in particular (religion important)24%26%2%37%11%650
Nothing in particular (religion not important)4%7%1%80%8%945
Presbyterian Church (USA)25%33%3%23%16%173
Southern Baptist Convention67%20%3%5%4%791
United Church of Christ7%40%< 1%41%13%101
United Methodist Church29%39%3%22%7%677
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Belief in Heaven among baby Boomers by religious denomination

% of baby Boomers who …in heaven

Religious denominationBelieveDon't believeOther/don't knowSample size
American Baptist Churches USA90%4%6%194
Assemblies of God92%2%6%190
Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints96%2%2%209
Churches of Christ96%2%2%182
Episcopal Church70%22%7%215
Evangelical Lutheran Church in America (ELCA)82%11%8%260
Independent Baptist (Evangelical Trad.)90%5%5%354
Lutheran Church-Missouri Synod85%6%9%184
National Baptist Convention96%4%1%216
Nondenominational evangelical79%10%11%270
Nothing in particular (religion important)72%18%10%650
Nothing in particular (religion not important)28%59%12%945
Presbyterian Church (USA)80%9%10%173
Southern Baptist Convention87%5%8%791
United Church of Christ75%16%9%101
United Methodist Church85%10%5%677
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Belief in Hell among baby Boomers by religious denomination

% of baby Boomers who …in hell

Religious denominationBelieveDon't believeOther/don't knowSample size
American Baptist Churches USA81%15%4%194
Assemblies of God89%3%8%190
Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints57%35%8%209
Churches of Christ85%10%5%182
Episcopal Church45%43%13%215
Evangelical Lutheran Church in America (ELCA)61%25%14%260
Independent Baptist (Evangelical Trad.)83%12%4%354
Lutheran Church-Missouri Synod75%18%7%184
National Baptist Convention84%11%5%216
Nondenominational evangelical85%7%8%270
Nothing in particular (religion important)50%38%12%650
Nothing in particular (religion not important)18%72%10%945
Presbyterian Church (USA)56%36%9%173
Southern Baptist Convention85%8%7%791
United Church of Christ44%46%10%101
United Methodist Church66%27%7%677
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

SocialandPoliticalViews

Party affiliation among baby Boomers by religious denomination

% of baby Boomers who identify as…

Religious denominationRepublican/lean Rep.No leanDemocrat/lean Dem.Sample size
American Baptist Churches USA44%15%41%194
Assemblies of God60%12%28%190
Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints69%8%23%209
Churches of Christ47%11%41%182
Episcopal Church44%10%46%215
Evangelical Lutheran Church in America (ELCA)38%13%49%260
Independent Baptist (Evangelical Trad.)61%16%23%354
Lutheran Church-Missouri Synod58%12%30%184
National Baptist Convention5%8%87%216
Nondenominational evangelical71%12%17%270
Nothing in particular (religion important)27%24%49%650
Nothing in particular (religion not important)26%20%54%945
Presbyterian Church (USA)47%8%45%173
Southern Baptist Convention61%8%31%791
United Church of Christ23%13%64%101
United Methodist Church54%10%36%677
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Political ideology among baby Boomers by religious denomination

% of baby Boomers who are…

Religious denominationConservativeModerateLiberalDon't knowSample size
American Baptist Churches USA49%30%15%6%194
Assemblies of God61%24%13%2%190
Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints67%22%9%1%209
Churches of Christ58%28%10%5%182
Episcopal Church39%30%28%3%215
Evangelical Lutheran Church in America (ELCA)30%40%29%1%260
Independent Baptist (Evangelical Trad.)57%28%12%3%354
Lutheran Church-Missouri Synod56%31%8%5%184
National Baptist Convention37%34%24%5%216
Nondenominational evangelical72%21%6%1%270
Nothing in particular (religion important)30%36%26%8%650
Nothing in particular (religion not important)18%33%41%8%945
Presbyterian Church (USA)37%35%25%3%173
Southern Baptist Convention65%22%10%2%791
United Church of Christ16%45%39%< 1%101
United Methodist Church50%34%13%2%677
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Views about size of government among baby Boomers by religious denomination

% of baby Boomers who would rather have…

Religious denominationSmaller government; fewer servicesBigger government; more servicesDependsDon't knowSample size
American Baptist Churches USA49%45%2%4%194
Assemblies of God66%30%2%2%190
Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints74%21%1%4%209
Churches of Christ64%29%4%3%182
Episcopal Church58%37%2%3%215
Evangelical Lutheran Church in America (ELCA)60%34%4%2%260
Independent Baptist (Evangelical Trad.)72%23%2%3%354
Lutheran Church-Missouri Synod72%23%1%3%184
National Baptist Convention21%75%1%3%216
Nondenominational evangelical86%9%3%2%270
Nothing in particular (religion important)51%41%4%3%650
Nothing in particular (religion not important)53%39%3%5%945
Presbyterian Church (USA)54%38%2%6%173
Southern Baptist Convention68%26%3%2%791
United Church of Christ48%47%4%1%101
United Methodist Church70%25%3%3%677
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Views about government aid to the poor among baby Boomers by religious denomination

% of baby Boomers who say government aid to the poor…

Religious denominationDoes more harm than goodDoes more good than harmNeither/both equallyDon't knowSample size
American Baptist Churches USA42%50%5%4%194
Assemblies of God56%41%2%1%190
Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints63%33%3%1%209
Churches of Christ48%46%5%1%182
Episcopal Church43%50%6%1%215
Evangelical Lutheran Church in America (ELCA)45%49%5%1%260
Independent Baptist (Evangelical Trad.)59%34%5%2%354
Lutheran Church-Missouri Synod67%31%< 1%1%184
National Baptist Convention24%70%4%2%216
Nondenominational evangelical71%24%3%1%270
Nothing in particular (religion important)40%56%3%1%650
Nothing in particular (religion not important)36%57%5%3%945
Presbyterian Church (USA)40%55%1%4%173
Southern Baptist Convention62%33%3%2%791
United Church of Christ33%60%3%3%101
United Methodist Church57%38%2%2%677
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Views about abortion among baby Boomers by religious denomination

% of baby Boomers who say abortion should be…

Religious denominationLegal in all/most casesIllegal in all/most casesDon't knowSample size
American Baptist Churches USA48%46%6%194
Assemblies of God25%73%2%190
Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints24%71%4%209
Churches of Christ41%57%3%182
Episcopal Church81%17%2%215
Evangelical Lutheran Church in America (ELCA)72%27%1%260
Independent Baptist (Evangelical Trad.)36%60%4%354
Lutheran Church-Missouri Synod46%53%1%184
National Baptist Convention55%39%6%216
Nondenominational evangelical23%76%1%270
Nothing in particular (religion important)63%32%5%650
Nothing in particular (religion not important)81%13%6%945
Presbyterian Church (USA)66%29%5%173
Southern Baptist Convention32%64%4%791
United Church of Christ84%15%1%101
United Methodist Church58%38%4%677
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Views about homosexuality among baby Boomers by religious denomination

% of baby Boomers who say homosexuality…

Religious denominationShould be acceptedShould be discouragedNeither/both equallyDon't knowSample size
American Baptist Churches USA45%44%7%4%194
Assemblies of God20%72%7%1%190
Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints37%54%5%4%209
Churches of Christ32%60%3%4%182
Episcopal Church80%14%5%1%215
Evangelical Lutheran Church in America (ELCA)71%21%5%3%260
Independent Baptist (Evangelical Trad.)30%63%3%4%354
Lutheran Church-Missouri Synod55%41%3%1%184
National Baptist Convention53%40%4%4%216
Nondenominational evangelical28%64%4%4%270
Nothing in particular (religion important)65%25%4%6%650
Nothing in particular (religion not important)79%15%3%4%945
Presbyterian Church (USA)66%28%3%4%173
Southern Baptist Convention28%65%5%2%791
United Church of Christ84%15%< 1%1%101
United Methodist Church59%34%4%2%677
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Views about same-sex marriage among baby Boomers by religious denomination

% of baby Boomers who …same-sex marriage

Religious denominationStrongly favor/favorOppose/strongly opposeDon't knowSample size
American Baptist Churches USA41%53%6%194
Assemblies of God12%86%2%190
Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints24%69%6%209
Churches of Christ22%72%6%182
Episcopal Church72%21%7%215
Evangelical Lutheran Church in America (ELCA)62%31%8%260
Independent Baptist (Evangelical Trad.)24%68%8%354
Lutheran Church-Missouri Synod41%52%6%184
National Baptist Convention27%61%12%216
Nondenominational evangelical19%79%2%270
Nothing in particular (religion important)56%35%9%650
Nothing in particular (religion not important)75%17%8%945
Presbyterian Church (USA)61%32%7%173
Southern Baptist Convention21%73%7%791
United Church of Christ73%23%4%101
United Methodist Church46%47%8%677
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Views about environmental regulation among baby Boomers by religious denomination

% of baby Boomers who say…

Religious denominationStricter environmental laws and regulations cost too many jobs and hurt the economyStricter environmental laws and regulations are worth the costNeither/both equallyDon't knowSample size
American Baptist Churches USA47%48%3%2%194
Assemblies of God55%41%2%2%190
Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints57%39%3%< 1%209
Churches of Christ49%47%2%2%182
Episcopal Church33%64%2%1%215
Evangelical Lutheran Church in America (ELCA)35%62%3%1%260
Independent Baptist (Evangelical Trad.)59%38%2%2%354
Lutheran Church-Missouri Synod49%49%1%2%184
National Baptist Convention35%62%1%2%216
Nondenominational evangelical58%38%2%2%270
Nothing in particular (religion important)38%55%2%5%650
Nothing in particular (religion not important)29%67%2%2%945
Presbyterian Church (USA)41%56%2%< 1%173
Southern Baptist Convention52%44%3%1%791
United Church of Christ25%74%< 1%1%101
United Methodist Church45%52%2%1%677
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Views about human evolution among baby Boomers by religious denomination

% of baby Boomers who say humans…

Religious denominationEvolved; due to natural processesEvolved; due to God's designEvolved; don't know howAlways existed in present formDon't knowSample size
American Baptist Churches USA20%33%2%42%4%194
Assemblies of God6%20%1%68%3%190
Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints8%33%2%50%7%209
Churches of Christ16%26%1%55%2%182
Episcopal Church41%41%7%10%1%215
Evangelical Lutheran Church in America (ELCA)19%44%5%28%3%260
Independent Baptist (Evangelical Trad.)10%25%1%60%4%354
Lutheran Church-Missouri Synod11%36%1%50%1%184
National Baptist Convention13%26%5%55%< 1%216
Nondenominational evangelical4%16%1%76%3%270
Nothing in particular (religion important)29%26%6%33%6%650
Nothing in particular (religion not important)68%13%5%10%4%945
Presbyterian Church (USA)32%33%4%29%2%173
Southern Baptist Convention10%24%2%61%3%791
United Church of Christ48%26%3%21%2%101
United Methodist Church22%34%5%34%4%677
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.